1、 ANSI E1.29 2009 (R2014) Product Safety Standard for Theatrical Fog Generators That Create Aerosols of Water, Aqueous Solutions of Glycol or Glycerin, or Highly Refined Alkane Mineral Oil F Contract Services Adminstration Trust Fund; U Matthew R. DeLong; Rosco Laboratories; MP Brad Dittmer; Stage La
2、bor of the Ozarks; U Mark Elliott; Walt Disney Company; U Paul Jordan; NBC Universal; U Don Phillips; Ultratec Special Effects Inc.; MP Larry Schoeneman; DesignLab Chicago, Inc.; DR Marnie Styles; Ultratec Special Effects Inc.; MP Mike Wood; Mike Wood Consulting LLC; G Observer (non-voting) members:
3、 Joshua Alemany; Rosco Laboratories; MP Clive Bailey; Martin Professional A/S; MP Robert Barbagallo; Solotech Inc.; U Ron Bonner; PLASA EU; G Jim Cooper; USITT; U Gary Crawford; C I T C; MP Gary Fails; City Theatrical, Inc.; MP Lowell Fowler; High End Systems Inc.; MP Reuben Goldberg; Technic Servic
4、es; U Jerry Gorrell; Theatre Safety Programs; G Kent H. Jorgensen; IATSE Local 80; G Nathan Kahn; Look Solutions USA Ltd.; MP Thomas V. Korder; University of Illinois; U Edwin S. Kramer; I.A.T.S.E. Local 1; U Peggy Lee Martindale; University of Texas, Austin; G Greg Meeh; Jauchem DR Martin Michaud;
5、MDG Fog Generators Ltd.; MP Monona Rossol; Monona Rossol; G Adrian Segeren; Ultratec Special Effects Inc.; MP Eric Tishman; Rosco Laboratories; MP Stephen Vanciel; Stephen Vanciel; U Colin Waters; TMB; G Norman Wright; Group One; DR Interest category codes: CP = Custom-market Producer DE = Designer
6、DR = Dealer or Rental company G = General interest MP = Mass-market Producer U = User 2017 ESTA iv F 1,2-propanediol) 57-55-6 diethylene glycol 111-46-6 dipropylene glycol 25265-71-8, 106-62-7, 110-98-5, 108-61-2 1,2-butylene glycol (1,2-butanediol) 584-03-2 1,3-butylene glycol (1,3-butanediol) 107-
7、88-0 glycerin (glycerol; 1,2,3- propanetriol) 56-81-5 white mineral oil, medicinal or food grade 8042-47-5 water 07732-18-5 nitrogen, liquefied (LN2, L-N2) 7727-37-9 oxygen, liquefied (LOX) 80937-33-3 carbon dioxide, liquified (LCO2, L-CO2) 124-38-9 Fog generators that use fog fluids not on this lis
8、t are outside the scope of this Standard. 1.1.2 The aerosols created by the theatrical fog generators within the scope of this Standard are injected directly into the environment or are carried out of the fog generating equipment on a stream of ambient air, or a stream of nitrogen, argon, carbon dio
9、xide, or a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen that approximates the composition of normal air. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry numbers for the gases that are used as vehicles for the aerosols within the scope of this Standard are as follows: Name CAS # oxygen 7782-44-7 nitrogen 7727-37-9 argon 7
10、440-37-1 carbon dioxide 124-38-9 Fog generators that use gases not on this list are outside the scope of this Standard. 1.2 Definitions The following definitions apply in this Standard: 1.2.1 Alkane mineral oil, highly refined: water-clear white mineral oil, consisting almost entirely of saturated h
11、ydrocarbons (alkanes), lacking significant amounts of aromatic hydrocarbons, and suitable for use in medicines or food. 1.2.2 Class 2 Circuit: The portion of the wiring system between the load side of a Class 2 power source and the connected equipment. A Class 2 power source is limited to 0 to 20 vo
12、lts at 100 watts or 5 amps; 21 to 30 volts at 100 watts or 3.3 amps; and 31 to 150 volts at 0.5 watts or 5 milliamps. 2017 ESTA 3 F the fog generator must be tested per 2.2.6.1.2. 2.2.6.2 Fog generators that use heated water and no glycol, glycerin, or mineral oil The hygiene of the aerosols produce
13、d by fog generators that produce fogs of water by processes that heat the water and store it in a tank and then create a fog by bringing the hot water or the water vapor above the hot water into contact with a cryogen shall be evaluated per clauses 2.2.6.2.1 and 2.2.6.2.2. 2.2.6.2.1 Forty covered Pe
14、tri dishes with sterile nutrient agar shall be distributed in 20 sampling pairs on the floor of a testing room. One of each of the pairs shall be uncovered and exposed to the air in the room for five minutes and then covered. Immediately following this, the un-exposed Petri dishes of each of the pai
15、rs shall be uncovered and then exposed to a blanket of fog from the generator being tested and used according to its user operating instructions that covers the floor of the room for 5 minutes. The fog shall be dense enough that some of the Petri dishes are obscured from view when viewed by a person
16、 at two meters distance with standard room illumination from above at a level of 300 to 400 lux. The dishes shall then be covered. All 40 Petri dishes shall be allowed to incubate at 20 degrees C for three days and then the Petri dishes shall be evaluated for bacteria and fungus growth. The Petri di
17、shes exposed to the fog shall not have significantly larger fungus or bacterial colonies than the Petri dishes not exposed to the fog. The null hypothesis shall be that there is no significant difference between the two means of the two sets of samples. The null hypothesis shall not be rejected if t
18、he mean for the fog exposed samples is below the mean for the non-fog exposed samples, or if the mean is higher but the probability of the difference being attributable to chance is above 0.9. The fog generator produces an aerosol that is acceptable if the null hypothesis is not rejected. 2.2.6.2.2
19、The test described in 2.2.6.2.1 shall be judged to be unnecessary and it shall be permissible to judge the aerosol reasonably free from being a vector for viable micro-organisms if (a) the water is heated to 80 degrees C or above and held at that temperature for at least 5 minutes or if it is heated
20、 to 70 degrees C or above and held for at least 30 minutes before fog is generated; (b) the user operating instructions cite the importance of this temperature and holding period and caution the user not to attempt to generate fog with water at a lower temperature or water that has not been held for
21、 the full length of time for that temperature; and (c) the fog generators user operating instructions state that only potable water shall be used in the fog generator. 2.2.6.3 Fog generators that use unheated water and no glycol, glycerin, or mineral oil The hygiene of the aerosols produced by fog g
22、enerators that produce fogs of water without heating the water shall be evaluated per clauses 2.2.6.3.1 and 2.2.6.3.2. 2.2.6.3.1 Forty covered Petri dishes with sterile nutrient agar shall be distributed in 20 sampling pairs on the floor of a testing room. One of each of the pairs shall be uncovered
23、 and exposed to the air in the room for five minutes and then covered. Immediately following this, the un-exposed Petri dishes of each of the pairs shall be uncovered and then exposed to a blanket of fog from the generator being tested and used according to its user operating instructions that cover
24、s the floor of the room for 5 minutes. The fog shall be dense enough that it can be seen to be wafting over the Petri dishes when viewed by a person at two meters distance with standard room illumination from above at a level of 300 to 400 lux. The dishes shall then be covered. All 40 Petri dishes s
25、hall be allowed to incubate at 20 degrees C for three days and then the Petri dishes shall be evaluated for bacteria and fungus growth. The Petri dishes exposed to the fog shall not have significantly larger fungus or bacterial colonies than the Petri dishes not exposed to the fog. The null hypothes
26、is shall be that there is no significant difference between the two means of the two sets of samples. The null hypothesis shall not be rejected if the mean for the fog exposed samples is 2017 ESTA 7 F&S/2007-3004r5a ANSI E1.29-2009 Product Safety Standard for Theatrical Fog Generators That Create Ae
27、rosols of Water, Aqueous Solutions of Glycol or Glycerin, or Highly Refined Alkane Mineral Oil below the mean for the non-fog exposed samples, or if the mean is higher but the probability of the difference being attributable to chance is above 0.9. The fog generator produces an aerosol that is accep
28、table if the null hypothesis is not rejected. 2.2.6.3.2 The test described in 2.2.6.3.1 shall be judged to be unnecessary and it shall be permissible to judge the aerosol reasonably unlikely to serve as a vector for microorganisms if the water used for the fog is taken directly from a source of pota
29、ble water known to be free of legionella pneumophila without being stored within a tank or bladder in the fog generator for longer than 12 hours. In addition, the user operating instructions must state these requirements that the water be potable and free of legionella pneumophila and that, if a hol
30、ding tank or bladder is used, that the holding tank or bladder must be cleaned at least every 12 hours, or its contents entirely consumed in 12 hours or less, or its contents be filtered and disinfected at an interval sufficient to ensure that microbe contamination is limited to levels lower than th
31、ose permissible in potable water and is free of legionella pneumophila. 2.2.7 Markings and warnings Clauses 20.18, 31.2.2, 40.6, 75.19, 75.23, 75.25, 75.26, 75.27, 75.29, 76.1.1, 76.1.2, 76.1.4, 78.1, 78.2, 78.5, and 78.9 in the referenced ANSI/UL 998 give warnings and cautionary notices in English
32、that are to be marked on the product, printed on an instruction sheet, or in some other way conveyed to the end-user or service person. Annex B gives French translations for these warning phrases. It shall be acceptable to present the warnings in other languages besides English and French if the int
33、ended audience does not read English or French, as long as the translations adequately convey the same information and sense of urgency and importance as the English warnings and cautions. 2.2.8 User operating instructions User operating instructions or user manuals shall be provided with the product and shall conform to the current edition of ANSI E1.14. It shall be acceptable to publish the user manual in a language in addition to English if the intended audience does not read English. That second language shall be the language of the intended audience. 2017 ESTA 8 F&S/2007-3004r5a
