1、Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 12/30/2003Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2003 by Information Technology Industry Council
2、 (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for resale. No part of t
3、his publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaReference numberISO
4、/IEC 15938-5:2003(E)ISO/IEC 2003INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO/IEC15938-5First edition2003-05-15Information technology Multimediacontent description interface Part 5:Multimedia description schemesTechnologies de linformation Interface de description du contenumultimdia Partie 5: Schmas de description mult
5、imdiaISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E)PDF disclaimerThis PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall notbe edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing.
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9、member bodyin the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in Switzerlandii ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved iiiCont
10、ents PageForewordvIntroductionvi1 Scope 11.1 Organization of the document11.2 Overview of Multimedia Description Schemes.12 Normative references33 Terms and definitions .43.1 Conventions.43.2 Wrapper of the schema.63.3 Terminology .63.4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 114 Schema tools .124.1 Introduct
11、ion124.2 Base types124.3 Root element 164.4 Top-level types.194.5 Description metadata tools.425 Basic datatypes .485.1 Introduction485.2 Integer datatypes .485.3 Real datatypes .545.4 Vectors and matrices 565.5 Probability datatypes 645.6 String datatypes.676 Linking, identification and localizatio
12、n tools716.1 Introduction716.2 References to Ds and DSs726.3 Unique Identifier 756.4 Time description tools 776.5 Media Locators 957 Basic description tools .1017.1 Introduction1017.2 Language identification 1027.3 Textual annotation.1037.4 Classification Schemes and Terms .1197.5 Description of age
13、nts1587.6 Description of places 1717.7 Graphs and relations.1757.8 Ordering Tools.1877.9 Affective description .1907.10 Phonetic description .1948 Media description tools.1968.1 Introduction1968.2 Media information tools 1989 Creation and production description tools.2229.1 Introduction2229.2 Creati
14、on information tools22210 Usage description tools23710.1 Introduction237ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E)iv ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved10.2 Usage information tools23711 Structure description tools.24511.1 Introduction24511.2 Base segment description tools 25211.3 Segment attribute description tools 26211
15、.4 Visual segment description tools 27811.5 Audio segment description tools.30811.6 Audio-visual segment description tools .31211.7 Multimedia segment description tools 32611.8 Ink segment description tools33011.9 Video editing segment description tools 35311.10 Structural relation classification sc
16、hemes .38112 Semantics description tools.39312.1 Introduction39312.2 Abstraction model .39612.3 Semantic entity description tools 39712.4 Semantic attribute description tools .42612.5 Semantic relation classification schemes 43213 Navigation and access tools 44913.1 Introduction44913.2 Summarization
17、 .44913.3 Views, partitions and decompositions 48213.4 Variations of the content.52314 Content organization tools .53014.1 Introduction53014.2 Collections53114.3 Models.54514.4 Probability models.54614.5 Analytic models .57214.6 Cluster models.58214.7 Classification models58415 User interaction tool
18、s58915.1 Introduction58915.2 User preferences59015.3 Usage History.622Annex A (informative) xPath Datatype definition based on W3C XPath specification 632Annex B (normative) Classification Schemes .638Annex C (informative) Registration procedure.726Annex D (informative) Patent statements .729Bibliog
19、raphy 730ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved vForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IECparticip
20、ate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by therespective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committeescollaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and
21、 non-governmental, inliaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC haveestablished a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.The main
22、task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an InternationalStandard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a
23、 vote.ISO/IEC 15938-5 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.ISO/IEC 15938 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Multimedia contentde
24、scription interface: Part 1: Systems Part 2: Description definition language Part 3: Visual Part 4: Audio Part 5: Multimedia description schemes Part 6: Reference software Part 7: Conformance testing Part 8: Extraction and use of MPEG-7 descriptionsAnnex B forms a normative part of this part of ISO/
25、IEC 15938. Annexes A, C and D are for information only.ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E)vi ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedIntroductionThis standard, also known as “Multimedia Content Description Interface,“ provides a standardized set oftechnologies for describing multimedia content. The standard addresses a
26、 broad spectrum of multimediaapplications and requirements by providing a metadata system for describing the features of multimedia content.The following are specified in this standard: Description Schemes (DS) describe entities or relationships pertaining to multimedia content. DescriptionSchemes s
27、pecify the structure and semantics of their components, which may be Description Schemes,Descriptors, or datatypes. Descriptors (D) describe features, attributes, or groups of attributes of multimedia content. Datatypes are the basic reusable datatypes employed by Description Schemes and Descriptors
28、 Systems tools support delivery of descriptions, multiplexing of descriptions with multimedia content,synchronization, file format, and so forth.This standard is subdivided into eight parts:Part 1 Systems: specifies the tools for preparing descriptions for efficient transport and storage, compressin
29、gdescriptions, and allowing synchronization between content and descriptions.Part 2 Description definition language: specifies the language for defining the standard set of description tools(DSs, Ds, and datatypes) and for defining new description tools.Part 3 Visual: specifies the description tools
30、 pertaining to visual content.Part 4 Audio: specifies the description tools pertaining to audio content.Part 5 Multimedia description schemes: specifies the generic description tools pertaining to multimediaincluding audio and visual content.Part 6 Reference software: provides a software implementat
31、ion of the standard.Part 7 Conformance testing: specifies the guidelines and procedures for testing conformance ofimplementations of the standard.Part 8 Extraction and use of MPEG-7 descriptions: provides guidelines and examples of the extraction anduse of descriptions.This document specifies the Mu
32、ltimedia Description Schemes (MDS) part of the ISO/IEC 15938 standard. Thisdocument specifies the MDS description tools and provides informative examples of descriptions. The normativesyntax of the MDS description tools is specified in this document using the Description Definition Language (DDL)and
33、 the normative semantics is specified using text.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved 1Information technology Multimedia content descriptioninterface Part 5:Multimedia description schemes1 Scope1.1 Organization of the documentThis International Standard spe
34、cifies a metadata system for describing multimedia content. This documentspecifies the Multimedia Description Schemes (MDS) description tools (Description Schemes, Descriptors, anddatatypes) that comprise ISO/IEC 15938-5. The following set of subclauses are provided for each MDS descriptiontool, whe
35、re optional subclauses are indicated as (optional): Syntax: specifies the normative syntax of the description tool using Description Definition Language (DDL) (seeISO/IEC 15938-2). Binary syntax (optional): specifies the normative binary representation for the description tool, where relevant.If a b
36、inary syntax is not specified, then the binary coding method of ISO/IEC 15938-1 shall apply for thedescription tool. Semantic: specifies the normative semantics of the description tool and each of its components (attributes andelements). Informative examples (optional): provides informative examples
37、 that illustrate the use or instantiation of thedescription tool in creating descriptions.1.2 Overview of Multimedia Description SchemesThe MDS description tools are organized on the basis of functionality as shown in Figure 1.BasicDatatypes Links describepartitions, views and decompositions of imag
38、e, video, and audio signals in space,time and frequency; and describe the relationships between different variations ofmultimedia content.Content organizationtools (clause 14)Specifies tools that describe the organization and modeling of multimedia content.The content organization tools include coll
39、ections, probability models, analyticmodels, cluster models, and classification models.User interaction tools(clause 15)Specifies tools related to user interaction with multimedia content. The userinteraction tools describe user preferences pertaining to multimedia content, anddescribe the usage his
40、tory of users of multimedia content.Finally, classification schemes, which organize terms that are used by the description tools, are specified inAnnex B (Classification Schemes).2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constit
41、ute provisions ofthis part of ISO/IEC 15938. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of thesepublications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 15938 are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of
42、 the normative documents indicated below. Forundated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IECmaintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureaumaintains a list of currently valid ITU-
43、T Recommendations. ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates andtimes ISO 639 (all parts), Codes for the representation of names of languages ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions Part 1: Countrycod
44、es ISO 3166-2, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions Part 2: Countrysubdivision codeNote: The current list of valid ISO 3166-1 country and ISO 3166-2 region codes is maintained by the ISO 3166 maintenanceagency at the ISO Central Secretariat. Information on the cu
45、rrent list of valid region and country codes can be found athttp:/www.iso.org/mara/iso3166. ISO 4217, Codes for the representation of currencies and fundsISO/IEC 15938-5:2003(E)4 ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedNote: The current list of valid ISO 4217 currency codes is maintained by the official mai
46、ntenance authority British StandardsInstitution (http:/www.bsi- XML, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, 6 October 2000 http:/www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006 XML Schema, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 http:/www.w3.org/XML/Schema XML Schema Part 0: Primer, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 http:/w
47、ww.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/ XML Schema Part 1: Structures, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 http:/www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/ XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 http:/www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/ XPath, XML Path Language, W3C Recommendation, 16 November 1999 http:/www.w3.org/TR/19
48、99/REC-xpath-19991116Note: These documents are maintained by the W3C (http:/www.w3.org). RFC 2045 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies RFC 2046 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types RFC 2048, Multipurpose Internet Mail
49、Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures RFC 2045-CHARSETS, Registered Character set codes of RFC2045 RFC 2046-MIMETYPES, Registered Mimetypes of RFC2046Note: The relevant lists can be obtained as follows:3 Terms and definitions3.1 Conventions3.1.1 Description toolsThis part of ISO/IEC 15938 specifies the multimedia description tools as follows: Description Scheme (DS) a description tool that describes entities or relationships
