1、ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 (ISO/IEC 19763-3:2007, IDT) Information technology Metamodelframework for interoperability (MFI) Part 3: Metamodel for ontologyregistrationANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007(ISO/IEC 19763-3:2007, IDT)ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 ii ITIC 2007 All rights reserved PDF
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5、y INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 7/27/2007 Published by American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2007 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI)
6、. All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of thi
7、s publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ANSI/INCITS/ISO/I
8、EC 19763-3-2007 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction .v 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 2 2.1 General2 2.2 Degree of conformance 2 2.3 Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS) .2 3 Normative references .3 4 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms.3 4.1 Terms and defini
9、tions 3 4.2 Abbreviated terms 4 5 Structure of MFI Ontology registration4 5.1 Overview of MFI Ontology registration4 5.2 Relationship between MFI Core and MFI Ontology registration .5 5.3 Metamodel for ontology registration .6 Annex A (informative) Example of MFI Ontology registration . 10 Annex B (
10、informative) All metaclasses that inherit from Administered_Item . 16 Annex C (informative) List of Ontology_Languages 17 Bibliography 18 Figures Figure 1 Scope of MFI Ontology registration . 1 Figure 2 Metamodel for ontology registration 4 Figure 3 Relationship between MFI Core and MFI Ontology reg
11、istration . 5 Figure A.1 Three examples of the sentences in RO1 . 10 Figure A.2 Registration of RO1 . 11 Figure A.3 Two examples of the sentences in RO2 . 12 Figure A.4 Registration of RO2 . 13 Figure A.5 Three examples of the sentences in LO1 . 14 Figure A.6 Registration of LO1 . 15 Figure B.1 All
12、metaclasses that inherit from Administered_Item 16 Tables Table C.1 List of Ontology_Language 17 ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 iv ITIC 2007 All rights reserved ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IE
13、C (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with p
14、articular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have e
15、stablished a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint te
16、chnical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO
17、 and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19763-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 32, Data management and interchange. ISO/IEC 19763 consists of the following parts, under the general
18、 title Information technology Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI): Part 1: Reference model Part 2: Core model Part 3: Metamodel for ontology registration Part 4: Metamodel for model mapping ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 vi ITIC 2007 All rights reserved Introduction Today, in E-business
19、 (EB) or E-commerce (EC) through the Internet, the effective interchange of business transactions or other related information across countries and cultures is an important concern for people in both the IT industry and other non-IT industries. To follow the current trends of EB or EC, industrial co
20、nsortia have engaged in the standardization of domain-specific business objects, including business process models and software components using common modeling facilities and interchange facilities such as UML and XML. They are very active in standardizing domain-specific business process models an
21、d standard modeling constructs such as data elements, entity profiles and value domains. Moreover, interoperation among autonomous Web-based applications, such as Web services, is becoming important. For that purpose, ontology is a key issue. Ontology is a description of a universe of discourse. A l
22、exicon, a taxonomy, a thesaurus and a familiar conceptual model such as a business process model in UML are all examples of ontology. In addition, ontology includes a more complex axiomatic theory. Several efforts to establish standards associated with ontology are under way. For example, OMG will p
23、ublish a specification called ODM, defining the metamodels of ontologies described in several languages and the mappings among them. This part of ISO/IEC 19763 will be expanded to provide for the metadata associated with ontologies to be specified and registered with respect to this part of ISO/IEC
24、19763. In addition, to promote ontology-based interoperation, a generic framework for registering administrative information related to ontologies is necessary. This part of ISO/IEC 19763 intends to provide a generic framework for registering administrative information related to ontologies, based o
25、n ISO/IEC 19763-2. NOTE UML and OMG are the trademarks of the Object Management Group. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved 1 Information technology Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) Part 3: Metamodel for ontology registration 1 Scope
26、 ISO/IEC 19763 specifies a metamodel framework for interoperability. This part of ISO/IEC 19763 specifies the metamodel that provides a facility to register administrative information related to ontologies. The metamodel specified in this part of ISO/IEC 19763 is intended to promote interoperation a
27、mong application systems. It does not specify the metamodels of ontologies described in specific languages and the mappings among them. They are specified in other specifications such as the Ontology Definition Metamodel from the Object Management Group (see bibliography item 1). Figure 1 shows the
28、scope of this part of ISO/IEC 19763. MF I C oreM F I O n to l o g y r e g i s tr a ti o nO n t o l o g y re g i st ryf o r a p p l i c a t i o n s y s t e m BO n t o l o g y BAd m i n i s t ra t i v e i n f o r m a t i o n o f o n t o l o g y BAd m i n . I n f o . BSc o p e o f M F I O n t o l o g y
29、 re g i s t ra t i o nSt a n d a rd i z e do n t o l o g yre p o s i t o ryf o r a p p l i c a t i o n s y s t e m AO n t o l o g y A.St a n d a rd i z e do n t o l o g yre p o s i t o ryAd m i n i s t ra t i v e i n f o r m a t i o n o f o n t o l o g y AAd m i n . I n f o . A.I n t e ro p e ra t i
30、 o nAp p l i c a t i o ns y s t e m BA p p l i c a t i oSy s te m AAp p l i c a t i o ns y s t e m ASc o p e o f s p e c if i c a t i o n s s u c h a s O D M.Figure 1 Scope of MFI Ontology registration ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 2 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved 2 Conformance 2.1 General An impl
31、ementation claiming conformance with this part of ISO/IEC 19763 shall support the metamodel specified in 5.3, depending on a degree of conformance as described below. 2.2 Degree of conformance 2.2.1 General The distinction between strictly conforming and conforming implementations is necessary to ad
32、dress the simultaneous needs for interoperability and extensions. This part of ISO/IEC 19763 describes specifications that promote interoperability. Extensions are motivated by needs of users, vendors, institutions and industries, but are not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 19763. A strictly confo
33、rming implementation may be limited in usefulness but is maximally interoperable with respect to this part of ISO/IEC 19763. A conforming implementation may be more useful, but may be less interoperable with respect to this part of ISO/IEC 19763. 2.2.2 Strictly conforming implementation A strictly c
34、onforming implementation a) shall support the metamodel specified in 5.3; b) shall not support any extensions to the metamodel specified in 5.3. 2.2.3 Conforming implementation A conforming implementation a) shall support the metamodel specified in 5.3; b) may support extensions to the metamodel spe
35、cified in 5.3 that are consistent with the metamodel specified in 5.3. 2.3 Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS) An implementation claiming conformance with this part of ISO/IEC 19763 shall include an Implementation Conformance Statement stating a) whether it is a strictly conforming implementa
36、tion or a conforming implementation (2.2); b) what extensions are supported if it is a conforming implementation. ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved 3 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat
37、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003, Information technology Metadata registries (MDR) Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes ISO/IEC 19763-1, Information
38、 technology Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) Part 1: Reference model ISO/IEC 19763-2, Information technology Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) Part 2: Core model 1) 4 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 4.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the
39、terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003, ISO/IEC 19763-1, ISO/IEC 19763-2 and the following apply. 4.1.1 universe of discourse all those things of interest that are concrete or abstract and that have been, are, or ever might be 4.1.2 ontology description of a universe of discourse in a l
40、anguage that a computer can process 4.1.3 reference ontology ontology that is usable and sharable by a community of interest 4.1.4 local ontology ontology that is specialized for defined applications and based on at least one reference ontology 4.1.5 sentence statement that has a truth value 4.1.6 s
41、ymbol the most primitive lexical construct that composes a part of a sentence 4.1.7 logical symbol symbol whose meaning is defined by its language EXAMPLE In KIF, not and or are logical symbols. 4.1.8 non-logical symbol symbol that is not a logical symbol 1) To be published. ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 1976
42、3-3-2007 4 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved 4.2 Abbreviated terms KIF Knowledge Interchange Format (see bibliography item 2) MFI Core ISO/IEC 19763-2, Information technology Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) Part 2: Core model MFI Ontology registration ISO/IEC 19763-3, Information technolo
43、gy Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) Part 3: Metamodel for ontology registration MDR Metadata Registry ODM Ontology Definition Metamodel (see bibliography item 1) URI Uniform Resource Identifiers (see bibliography item 3) 5 Structure of MFI Ontology registration 5.1 Overview of MFI Onto
44、logy registration An ontology consists of several sentences and each sentence uses several non-logical symbols. MFI Ontology registration provides a facility to register administrative information related to ontologies, their sentences and the symbols that they use. Figure 2 shows the metamodel for
45、ontology registration. NOTE Metaclasses whose names are italicized are abstract metaclasses. Figure 2 Metamodel for ontology registration Ontology_Whole is an abstract metaclass that designates an ontology and contains the associated administrative information. Ontology_Language represents a languag
46、e that describes an ontology that is designated by Ontology_Whole. Ontology_Component is an abstract metaclass that designates a sentence contained in an ontology and contains the associate administrative information. The granularity of a sentence is not specified but is a users choice. Ontology_Ato
47、mic_Construct is an abstract metaclass that designates a non-logical symbol that is used in a sentence and contains the associated administrative information. ANSI/INCITS/ISO/IEC 19763-3-2007 ITIC 2007 All rights reserved 5 Reference_Ontology_Whole and Local_Ontology_Whole are subclasses of Ontology
48、_Whole. Reference_Ontology_Whole designates a reference ontology. Local_Ontology_Whole designates a local ontology based on at least one reference ontology that is designated by Reference_Ontology_Whole. Reference_Ontology_Component and Local_Ontology_Component are subclasses of Ontology_Component.
49、Reference_Ontology_Component designates a sentence contained in ontologies that are designated by Reference_Ontology_Whole. A sentence that is designated by Reference_Ontology_Component may also be contained in ontologies that are designated by Local_Ontology_Whole. Local_Ontology_Component designates a sentence contained in one ontology that is designated by Local_Ontology_Whole. Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct and Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct are subclasses o
