1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI/NEMA FI 1-2004Manufactured Electrical MicaApproved as an American National Standard ANSI Approval Date: November 14, 2003 NEMA Standards Publication FI 1-2004 Manufactured Electrical Mica Published by: National Electrical Ma
2、nufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 www.nema.org Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention or the P
3、rotection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was de
4、veloped. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are devel
5、oped through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the developme
6、nt of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property,
7、 or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or
8、 completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by v
9、irtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this do
10、cument should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other so
11、urces, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for
12、safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safetyrelated information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. FI 1-2004 Page i Copyright 2004 by the National E
13、lectrical Manufacturers Association. CONTENTS Page Forward iii Section 1 GENERAL 1 1.1 Scope. 1 1.2 Definitions 1 1.3 References. 2 Section 2 TOLERANCES. 3 2.1 Tolerances on Thickness. 3 2.2 Tolerances on Width of Mica Tapes With Glass Cloth Reinforcement . 3 2.3 Tolerances for Dimensions of Mica Sh
14、eets . 3 2.4 Tolerances for Thickness of Fabricated Mica Splitting Segments. 3 Section 3 CLASSIFICATION OF MICA SPLITTINGS. 5 3.1 Classification of Muscovite Mica Splittings 5 3.1.1 Definitions of Mica Splittings. 5 3.1.2 Size and Defects. 5 3.1.3 Sampling . 5 3.1.4 Method of Calculation . 5 3.1.5 D
15、efinition of Defects 5 Section 4 MANUFACTURING MICA SPLITTING PLATES, SHEETS, AND TAPES 8 4.1 Mica Splitting Plates. 8 Section 5 MANUFACTURED MICA PAPER PLATES, SHEETS, AND TAPES 20 5.1 Unsupported 20 Section 6 ROUND TUBES . 35 Section 7 METHODS OF MEASURING 40 7.1 Sampling 40 7.2 Methods of Measuri
16、ng Thickness 40 7.2.1 Sheets and Plates. 40 7.2.2 Tapes 40 7.3 Method of Measuring Dimensions of Tubes 40 7.4 Methods of Measuring Electric Strength 41 7.4.1 Sheets, Plates, and Tapes 41 7.4.2 Tubes 41 7.5 Method of Measuring Mica or Organic Binder Content . 41 7.5.1 Purpose. 41 7.5.2 Apparatus 41 7
17、.5.3 Test Specimen 42 7.5.4 Procedure . 42 7.5.5 Report . 42 7.6 Method of Determining Volatile Content 42 7.6.1 Purpose. 42 7.6.2 Apparatus 43 7.6.3 Test Specimen 43 7.6.4 Procedure . 43 7.6.5 Report . 43 7.7 Method of Measuring Mica or Silicone Binder Content . 43 7.8 Method of Measuring Mica or A
18、ramid Content 43 7.8.1 Purpose. 43 7.8.2 Apparatus 43 7.8.3 Test Specimen 44 7.8.4 Procedure . 44 7.8.5 Report . 44 7.9 Method of Measuring Moldability . 44 7.9.1 Purpose. 44 FI 1-2004 Page ii Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. 7.9.2 Apparatus 44 7.9.3 Test Specimen
19、 44 7.9.4 Procedure . 45 7.9.5 Report . 45 7.10 Method of Measuring Hot Compression of Mica Plate 45 7.10.1 Scope 45 7.10.2 Definition . 45 7.10.3 Significance. 45 7.10.4 Apparatus 45 7.10.5 Test Specimen 45 7.10.6 Sampling . 46 7.10.7 Procedure . 46 7.10.8 Report . 46 7.11 Method of Determining The
20、rmal Class 46 7.12 Method of Determining Relative Flexibility. 47 7.12.1 Scope 47 7.12.2 Definitions . 47 7.12.3 Significance. 47 7.12.4 Sampling . 47 7.12.5 Gurley Type Stiffness 47 7.12.6 IEC 371-2 Stiffness. 49 7.12.7 Wrapper Flexibility 50 7.13 Method of Determining Tensile Strength . 50 Section
21、 8 TEST METHODS . 51 8.1 Method of Determining Undersize Mica SplittingsGrade 6 51 8.1.1 Apparatus 51 8.1.2 Sampling . 51 8.1.3 Procedure . 51 8.1.4 Report . 51 FI 1-2004 Page iii Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Foreword This publication represents a revision of
22、the NEMA Standards Publication Manufactured Electrical Mica, FI 1-1996. These standards have been developed and revised over a period of years in close coordination with user needs. Those which deal with the more traditional dry or cured tape type mica products have for the most part remained unchan
23、ged. This revision updates several test methods as a result in changes in industry practices and/or the addition of these new product listings. This document should now contain a majority of the types of constructions of manufactured electrical mica products used and produced by industry today. In s
24、ome cases, only typical constructions are listed. Alternate constructions and the performance specifications of these products should be a matter of negotiation between buyer and seller. Metric tables for each of the constructions are included in this document. In most, if not all cases, the English
25、 units have been converted to their metric equivalents. The Flexible Insulation and Mica Section of NEMA reviews these standards periodically for any revisions necessary to keep them up to date. Proposed revisions or comments should be submitted to: Vice President, Engineering Department National El
26、ectrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 This Standards Publication was developed by the Flexible Insulation and Mica Section. Section approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all section members voted for its approval or participa
27、ted in its development. At the time it was approved, the Flexible Insulation and Mica Section was composed of the following members: Bedford Materials Company, Inc.Manns Choice, PA Dennison Manufacturing CompanyFramingham, MA EHVWeidmann Industries, Inc.St. Johnsbury, VT E. I. DuPont de Nemours and
28、CompanyWilmington, DE Innovative Paper Technologies, LLCTilton, NH Lydall, Inc., Manning Nonwovens DivisionTroy, NY Von Roll Isola, Inc.Schenectady, NY FI 1-2004 Page iv Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. FI 1-2004 Page 1 Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Ma
29、nufacturers Association. Section 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE This Standards Publication covers manufacturing, measurement, and testing of manufactured electrical mica. 1.2 DEFINITIONS Manufactured mica plates are composed of: a. binder and mica splittings b. binder and mica paper c. binder, mica paper, and
30、mica splittings, with no reinforcement, in the form of flat pieces of standard dimensions or in rolls from 4 to 40 in. (102 to 1016 mm ) wide. Manufactured mica sheets are composed of: a. binder and mica splittings b. binder and mica paper, with reinforcement on one or both sides c. an intimately bl
31、ended aramid and mica paper, in the form of flat pieces of standard dimensions or in rolls These rolls are typically available in widths from 4 to 40 in. (102 to 1016 mm) wide for types (a.) and (b.), and in widths from 4 to 72 in. (102 to 1828 mm) for type (c.). Rolls wider than 4 in. (102 mm) are
32、commonly referred to as wrappers. The binder and mica papers with reinforcements on one or both sides, come in three styles designated by binder content and primary use application. Tapes primarily used in VPI applications have low binder content (520%) and are designed in constructions to aid resin
33、 absorption in the VPI process. Dry or cured tapes and sheets have a medium binder content (2030%), which has been largely cured and are general purpose products used in most applications. Resin-rich “B-staged“ tapes are typically high in binder content (3040%), and have only been partially cured to
34、 a non-tacky state. Resin-rich tapes normally need no further addition of resin in their intended use except for cosmetic reasons. Manufactured mica tapes are composed of: a. binder and mica splittings b. binder and mica paper, with reinforcement on one or both sides c. an intimately blended aramid
35、and mica paper, in the form of rolls up to 4 in. (102 mm) wide and containing not less than 10 linear ft (3048 mm) There are three broad classes of bonding materials for making mica composites. In this document, organic bonded refers to non-silicone organic resins such as epoxy, polyester, acrylics,
36、 etc. Silicone resin binders consist of a molecule which contains both inorganic (silica) and organic constituents. Inorganic binders are rigid molecules containing no organic constituents. They are glass-like compounds. FI 1-2004 Page 2 Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Associ
37、ation. 1.3 REFERENCES In this publication, reference is made to the standards listed below: American Society for Testing and Materials 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 www.astm.org ASTM D295-89 Standard Test Methods for Varnished Cotton Fabrics Used for Electrical Insulation AS
38、TM D348-89 Standard Test Methods for Rigid Tubes Used for Electrical Insulation ASTM D352-77 Standard Methods of Testing Pasted Mica Used in Electrical Insulation ASTM D374-99 Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation ASTM D668-89 Standard Methods of Measuring Dimensions of
39、Rigid Rods and Tubes Used for Electrical Insulation ASTM D726-94(1999) Standard Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to Passage of Air ASTM D828-87 Standard Test Method for Tensile Breaking Strength of Paper and Paperboard ASTM D1677-02 Standard Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Mi
40、ca Paper Used for Electrical Insulation ASTM D1830-89 Standard Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Flexible Sheet Materials Used for Electrical Insulation by the Curved Electrode Method ASTM D2131-85 Standard Specification for Natural Muscovite Mica Splittings ASTM D3636-00 Standard Practice for Sa
41、mpling and Judging Quality of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 3, rue de Varemb P.O. Box 131 CH - 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland www.iec.ch IEC 60371-2 Specification for insulating materials based on mica Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Publications S
42、tock 333 Pfingsten Road Northbrook, IL 60062 UL 746B-96 UL Standard for Safety for Polymeric Materials Long Term Property Evaluations UL 1446-97 UL Standard for Safety for Systems of Insulating Materials General Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 15 Technology Parkway South Norcro
43、ss, GA 30092 www.tappi.org TAPPI T543-00 Bending Resistance of Paper (Gurley-Type Tester), Test Method FI 1-2004 Page 3 Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Section 2 TOLERANCES 2.1 TOLERANCES ON THICKNESS For tolerances on the thickness of fabricated mica splitting s
44、egments, see 2.4. For tolerances on the thickness of manufactured mica splitting plates, sheets, and tapes, see Section 4. For tolerances on the thickness of manufactured mica paper plates, sheets, and tapes, see Section 5. 2.2 TOLERANCES ON WIDTH OF MICA TAPES WITH GLASS CLOTH REINFORCEMENT The tol
45、erance in the width of tapes from 1/2 to 1-1/2 in. (12.7 to 38.1 mm) wide shall be 1/32 in. (0.79 mm). 2.3 TOLERANCES FOR DIMENSIONS OF MICA SHEETS The tolerance for the length and width of sheets which are 18 x 36 in. (457 x 914 mm) or larger shall be 1/2 in. (12.7 mm). 2.4 TOLERANCES FOR THICKNESS
46、 OF FABRICATED MICA SPLITTING SEGMENTS The tolerances for the thickness of segments which are fabricated from rigid milled plate (segment) (Grade 3, 3P and 4) shall be: a. Nominal thickness range20 up to 63 mils (0.51 up to 1.60 mm). b. Average thickness of 10 measurements1 mil (0.025 mm) from the s
47、pecified nominal thickness. c. Individual thickness 2 mils (0.051 mm) from the specified nominal thickness. FI 1-2004 Page 4 Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Section 3 CLASSIFICATION OF MICA SPLITTINGS 3.1 CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCOVITE MICA SPLITTINGS 3.1.1 Definiti
48、ons of Mica Splittings a. Laminaeare splittings taken from mica blocks and having an average area of 0.4 to 10 in.2(2.5 to 65 cm2) and an average thickness of 0.0006 to 0.0012 in. (0.015 to 0.030 mm). b. Bookform splittingsare arranged and supplied in the form of individual books or bunches, each co
49、mprised of consecutive splittings obtained from the same piece of block or thins. These laminae are generally dusted with mica powder to offset residual cohesive effects. c. Loose splittingsare of heterogeneous shapes not arranged in any particular order, but packed loosely in bulk form. Loose splittings, as such have not been dusted with mica powder. d. Loose (dust lose) with powder splittingsare loose splittings which are dusted with mica powder. 3.1.2 Size and Defects In order to be within the grade classifications given herein, s
