1、IS0 239.23-1997 Standard Technical Report Number Format and Creation I Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. STD - - NISO 239 * 23-EN GL msmmw= 1997 D b478908 0003L52 202 STD-NISO Z39-23-ENGL 1997 W b1178908 0003153 1119 W About the National Information Standards Series NISO standards are developed by the Stan
2、dards Committees of the National Information Standards Organization. The development process is a strenuous one that includes a rigorous peer review of proposed standards open to each NISO Voting Member and any other interested party. Final approval of thestandard involves verification by the Americ
3、an National Standards Institute that its requirements for due process, consensus, and other approval criteria have been met by NISO. Once verified and approved, NISO Standards also become American National Standards. The use of an ANSI/NISO Standard is voluntary. That is, the existence of this NISO
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5、rds- developing organizations) has proven to be in the best interests of any industry wishing to increase its effectiveness and efficiency in the areas of product development, manufacturing, and marketing and, therefore, such use is encouraged by ANSI, NISO, and aii other standards-developing organi
6、zations. Each NISOstandard is reviewed at least once every five years to confirm that it remains viable and useful in its current environment. Comments for revision are welcome from any interested party. Proposed changes to this NISO Standard and suggestions for new NISO Standards should be sent to
7、the NISO office at 4733 Bethesda Avenue, Suite 300, Bethesda, MD 20814. Occasionally, questions may arise concerning the meaning of specific sections of a NISO standard. Interpretations can be obtained by writing to the NISO office. This NISO Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Purchas
8、ers may receive current information on all NISO standards by calling or writing: NISO Press Fulfillment Center P.O. Box 338 Oxon Hill, MD 20750-0338 U.S.A. U.S. and Canada: 1-800-282-NISO (6476) Washington, DC area and outside the U.S.: 301-567-9522 FAX: 301-567-9553 STD-NISO Z37.23-ENGL 1997 m by78
9、908 0003154 085 m ANSIAVISO 239.23-1997 (Revision of ANSUNISO 239.23-1990) I ISSN: 1041-5653 Standard Technical Report Number Format and Creation Abstract: In order to improve access to technical reports and assist in bringing order and uniformity to that form of technical literature, this standard
10、specifies the format for a Standard Technical Report Number (STRN). It describes how and where the number should be assigned and used, and calls for a central authority to coordinate and monitor such assignments. The STRN consists of two groups of characters: the first indicates the issuing organiza
11、tion and includes the optional subdivisions or series, and the second provides a sequen- tial number. Provision has been made for the year of publication as a recom- mended part of the sequential number. An American National Standard Developed by the National Information Standards Organization Appro
12、ved October 8,1996 by the American National Standards Institute Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. STD-NISO Z39.23-ENGL 3977 bLi78908 0003355 TL3 9 Published by NISO Press 4733 Bethesda Avenue Suite 300 Bethesda, MD 20814 Copyright 01997 by the National Information Standards Organization All rights reserved
13、 under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publi
14、sher. All inquiries should be addressed to NISO Press, 4733 Bethesda Avenue, Suite 300, Bethesda, MD 20814. Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1041-5653 National Information Standards series ISBN: 1-880124-30-0 This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper
15、). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data National Information Standards Organization (U.S.) Standard technical report number format and creation : an American national standard / developed by the National Information Standards Organization; approved October 8, 1996 by the American Natio
16、nal Standards Institute. p. cm. - (National information standards series, ISSN 1041-5653) “ANSUNISO 239.23- 1997.” “(Revision of ANSUNISO 239.23-1990): ISBN 1-880124-30-0 (alk. paper) 1. Standard Technical Report Numbers-Standards-United States. I. American National Standards Institute. II. Title. I
17、II. Series. T11.N354 1997 96-53246 025.343662 1 CIP ANSI/NISO 239.23-1997 Contents Foreword . iv 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 Purpose. Scope. and Use 1 Referenced Standards . 1 Definitions 1 Creating the Standard Technical Report Number 2 4.1 Report Code 2 4.2 Sequential Group . 2 4.3 Group Separator .
18、 2 4.4 Subdivider . 2 4.5 Local Suffix . 2 4.6 Country Code . 2 Formatting of the Standard Technical Report Number . 2 5.2 Report Code 3 5.1 ISRN . 3 5.3 Group Separator . 3 5.4 Sequential Group . 3 5.5 Local Suffix . 4 Characteristics of the Standard Technical Report Number 4 6.1 Permanence . 4 6.2
19、 Placement 4 6.3 ISRN Label as Prefix 4 Application . 4 7.1 Maintenance Agency . 4 7.2 Assignment and Dissemination . 4 Appendix Designation of Maintenance Agency . 5 Figures Figure 1 Format of the Standard Technical Report Number . 3 STD-NISO Z39-23-ENGL 1997 = b478908 0003357 874 W Foreword (This
20、foreword is not part of the American National Standard for Standard Technical Report Number Format and Creation, ANSI/NISO 239.23-1997. It is included for information oniy.) This standard, ANSI/NISO 239.23-1997, is in- tended for use with both publicly distributed and in-house technical reports. Its
21、 numbering format is flexible so that it can meet the diversified needs of different groups in either computer or manual operations. The standard should be used in conjunction with ANSI/NISO 239.18-1995, Scientific and Technical Reports-Elements, Organization, and Design. ANSI/NISO 239-23-1997 was o
22、riginally de- veloped in 1974. It was first revised in 1983 by Subcommittee 32 on Technical Report Number- ing of American National Standards Committee 239, which in 1983 became the National Informa- tion Standards Organization. The standard was further revised in 1990 to provide more latitude in co
23、nstructing the report number by allowing for more characters, greater variability of separators, and coordination of volume and set numbers. This most recent revision expands the sequential group to 16 characters to accommo- date a four-digit year identifier. Suggestions for improving this standard
24、are welcome. They should be sent to the National Information Standards Organization, 4733 Bethesda Avenue, Suite 300, Bethesda, MD 20814, This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the National Informa- tion Standards Organization. It was balloted by the NISO Voting Members Ma
25、rch 23,1996 -June 28, 1996. It will next be reviewed in 2002. NISO approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all Voting Members voted for its ap- proval. At the time it approved this standard, NISO had the following Voting Members: 301-654-2512. NISO Voting Members 3M Richard W. Lind
26、ahl Robert L. Dreger (Alt) Gerald G. Marsolek (Alt) Andrew Laurence American Association of Law Libraries American Chemical Society Robert S. Tannehill, Jr. Leon R. Blauvelt (Alt) American Library Association American Society for Information Science Mark H. Needleman American Society of indexers Car
27、len Ruschoff Patricia S. Kuhr Marie Kascus (Alt) American Theological Library Association Myron B. Chace Ameritech Library Services, Academic Division John Kolman Amoco Corporation Randy R. Reddemann Apple Computer, Inc. Janet Vratny Rita Brennan (Alt) Diane Zehnpfennig Beth Knapke (Alt) Thomas E. Y
28、oung Penney DePas (Alt) Armed Forces Medical Library Art Libraries Society of North America Association of information and Dissemination Centers Association for Information and image Management Association of Jewish Libraries Bruce H. Kiesel Judy Kilpatrick Pearl Berger David Gilner (Alt) Duane E. W
29、ebster M.E. Brennan Norman Kline Brian Lomeli (Alt) Association of Research Libraries Bell Labs CASPR, Inc. CARL Corporation Ward Shaw College Center for Library Automation J. Richard Madaus Ann Armbrister (Alt) Data Research Associates, Inc. Michael J. Mellinger James Michael (Alt) Beth F. Anderson
30、 Sandra H. Hurd Mary Beth Vanderpoorten (Alt) Elsevier Science Incorporated John Mancia Norman Paskin (Alt) The Faxon Company Alan Nordman Data Research Users Group, Inc. EBSCO information Services Page iv STD-NISO Z37-23-ENGL 1777 M b478708 0003358 720 M ANSUNISO 239.23-1997 Follett D. Jeffrey Blum
31、enthal Michael Marchuck (Alt) Gaylord Information Systems James English William Schickling (Alt) GCA Research Institute Christopher Ziener Norman Scharpf (Alt) Geac Computers, Inc. Simon Kendall B.J. Mitchell (Alt) Tryg Ager Anthony J. Ferrar0 Millard Johnson Janice Cox (Alt) Delores Meglio Victoria
32、 Gray (Alt) Innovative Interfaces, Inc. Gerald M. Kline Sandra Westall (Alt) Richard Boulderstone David Loy (Alt) Peter Ryal1 Library Binding Institute Sally Grauer Library of Congress Winston Tabb Sally H. McCallum (Alt) Medical Library Association Katherine Hughes Carla J. Funk (Alt) Anita Anker B
33、ranin William DeJohn (Alt) Music Library Association Lenore Coral Geraldine Ostrove (Alt) National Agricultural Library Pamela Q. J. Andre Gary K. McCone (Alt) Alan Calmes John Schnepp Lois Ann Colaianni IBM IEEE Indiana Cooperative Library Services Authority Information Access Company Knight-Ridder
34、 Information, Inc. Lexis-Nexis MINITEX National Archives and Records Administration National Federation of Abstracting and Information Services National Library of Medicine OCLC, Inc. OHIONET Donald J. Muccino Michael P. Butler Greg Pronevitz (Alt) FOREWORD OhioLINK David Barber PALINET James E. Rus
35、h Sandra J. Gurshman Amira Aaron (Alt) Wayne Davison Kathy Bales (Alt) Emery Koltay R. R. Donnelley it is often available through a nonprofit govemmen- tal entity (for example, the National Technical Information Service or the Government Printing Office). * 239.18-1995, Scientific and Technical Repo
36、rts-Elements, Organization, and Design Page 1 STD-NISO Z39.23-ENGL 1977 W b478708 00031b1 215 CREATING THE STRN Sequential Group. The second portion of the Standard Technical Report Number. It follows the group separator and constitutes the portion of the Standard Technical Report Number that is ass
37、igned in sequence by each report-issuing entity. Standard Technical Report Number. The complete, formatted, alphanumeric designation that is usu- ally the primary means of identifying a specific technical report. Subdivider. A diagonal (/) or a single hyphen (-). Either or both may be used in the re
38、port code and sequential group to specify subdivisions of the parental organization or corporate entity, or to separate a series designation from the parental organizations symbol. 4. Creating the Standard Technical Report Number A Standard Technical Report Number consists of two essential parts: a
39、report code and a requential group. The Standard Technical Report Number should be preceded by the identifying label ISRN. The ISRN label is not part of the 34-character report number. The report code and sequential group, separated by the group separator (a double hyphen), consti- tute the Standard
40、 Technical Report Number and both parts shall be present in every number. The maximum number of characters for a Stan- dard Technical Report Number is 34, including any subdividers and the group separator. Of these 34 characters, no more than 16, including subdividers, shail constitute the report co
41、de and no more than 16 characters, including subdividers shall constitute the sequential group. Two characters are required for the group separator. 4.1 Report Code The first character of the report code shall be an uppercase letter; the remaining characters may be uppercase alphabetic characters or
42、 numeric charac- ters. The report code shall have a minimum of two characters and a maximum of 16. Other than the alphabetic and number characters permitted above, the only other characters that may be used within this code are subdividers (see4.4.). For a description of the maintenance agency that
43、coordinates the assignment of report codes refer to section 7. 4.2 Sequential Group The sequential group may be composed of three ANSUNISO 239.23-1997 parts: the first part preferably contains the four digits of the year of publication. The second part, preceded by a subdivider, is a sequential numb
44、er; the numbers should all be arabic numerals. The third part may consist of uppercase alphabetic char- acters and arabic numbers pertaining to volumes, supplements, revisions, drafts, etc., and shall be separated from the second part by a subdivider. The total number of characters for the sequentia
45、l group, including all parts and a11 subdividers shall not exceed 16 (see 4.4). If a year of publication is not given, then the first two parts may be nothing more than a single section consisting of a sequential num- ber. Also, the third part may or may not be present. The provision for a third par
46、t is to permit supple- ments, revisions, and the like to have the same core number as the original report. 4.3 Group Separator The group separator is a two-character double hyphen (-) and shall be used to separate the report code from the sequential group. The double hyphen may not be used elsewhere
47、 in the Standard Techni- cal Report Number. 4.4 Subdivider Subdividers, consisting of diagonals (/) and/or single hyphens (-) may be employed in both the report code and sequential group in any position after the first two characters. The absence of a sub- divider from a report code indicates that n
48、o expres- sion of a subdivision or series is intended. 4.5 Local Suffix An optional local suffix may be of any length, and it may include any alphabetic or numeric characters and the characters comma (,), diagonal (/), and full stop (.). It can indicate the type of publication, type of nonprint medi
49、a, series, in-house number, subject, language, etc. When a local suffix is used, it shall be preceded by a plus sign (+) as a delimiter, and shall immediately follow the sequential group (or op- tional country code, see section 4.6). 4.6 Country Code An optional country code may be added if deemed necessary. If it is added, it should be the IS0 3166 2- alpha code preceded by a plus sign (+) and added as a suffix to the sequential group, but preceding the local suffix. 5. Formatting of the Standard Technical Report Number The format of the Standard Technical Report Number, sho
