1、 Reaffirmation of ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2012 For the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items - Periodic Verification of Air Ionizer Performance Using a Small Test Fixture Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 An American National Standard Approved Janua
2、ry 5, 2017ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 ESD Association Standard Practice for the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items - Periodic Verification of Air Ionizer Performance Using a Small Test Fixture Approved September 23, 2016 ESD AssociationANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 Electrostatic Discharge Associa
3、tion (ESDA) standards and publications are designed to serve the public interest by eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating the interchangeability and improvement of products and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper product for his pa
4、rticular needs. The existence of such standards and publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of the Association from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such standards and publications. Nor shall the fact that a standard or publication that is published
5、 by the Association preclude its voluntary use by non-members of the Association, whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended standards and publications are adopted by the ESDA in accordance with the ANSI Patent policy. Interpretation of ESDA Standards: The
6、 interpretation of standards in-so-far as it may relate to a specific product or manufacturer is a proper matter for the individual company concerned and cannot be undertaken by any person acting for the ESDA. The ESDA Standards Chairman may make comments limited to an explanation or clarification o
7、f the technical language or provisions in a standard, but not related to its application to specific products and manufacturers. No other person is authorized to comment on behalf of the ESDA on any ESDA Standard. THE CONTENTS OF ESDAS STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS,” AND ESDA MAKES
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9、UBLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TECHNICALLY SOUND AT THE TIME THEY ARE APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION. THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRODUCT SELLERS OR USERS OWN JUDGEMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANY PARTICULAR PRODUCT DISCUSSED, AND ESDA DOES NOT UNDERTAKE TO GUARANTEE THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY INDIVIDUAL MANUFACTURER
10、S PRODUCTS BY VIRTUE OF SUCH STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. THUS, ESDA EXPRESSLY DISLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE, APPLICATION, OR RELIANCE BY OTHERS ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THESE STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. NEITHER ESDA, NOR ITS MEMBERS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR OTHER R
11、EPRESENTATIVES WILL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OR MISUSE OF ESDA STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THAT APPLIES TO ALL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOS
12、S OF DATA, INCOME OR PROFIT, LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY AND CLAIMS OF THIRD PARTIES. Published by: Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 Copyright 2016 by ESD Association All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an ele
13、ctronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58537-291-9DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES DISCLAIMER OF GUARANTY LIMITATION ON ESDAs LIABILITY CAUTION NOTICE ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 i (This foreword is not part of ES
14、D Association Standard Practice ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016) FOREWORD Grounding of conductive and static dissipative materials, personnel, and equipment is the primary method used to limit static charge for the protection of electrostatic discharge susceptible items in the work environment. A static control
15、 program may include air or nitrogen ionization techniques to mitigate charge on isolated conductors (conductors that are not grounded), and insulating materials (e.g., most common plastics). The ionization standard test method, ANSI/ESD STM3.1, defines test methods and instrumentation, the Charged
16、Plate Monitor (CPM), for making discharge (charge neutralization) time and offset voltage (ion balance) measurements of air ionization equipment in defined environments. These standard test methods are applicable for product qualification, selecting an air ionizer for a specific application, as well
17、 as subsequently determining that the incoming product meets the selection criteria. The test instrumentation and methods of the standard test method are also usable for compliance verification of ionizer performance per ESD TR53. ANSI/ESD STM3.1 also contains additional information regarding ionize
18、r physics, ionizer measurement issues, and sources of measurement error. The user is advised to review ANSI/ESD STM3.1 before using the procedures described in this standard practice1. Detailed performance testing under laboratory conditions may be required during selection, product qualification, a
19、nd acceptance testing due to the variety of environments in which ionizers are used. Periodic and compliance verification, however, are most often performed under actual use conditions. In general, all ionizers should be tested, rather than a sampling of product types or incoming lots. Periodic veri
20、fication procedures should also be part of the initial acceptance process to provide a baseline for comparison with future measurements. Compliance verification may be necessary to meet audit requirements. The test procedures in the ionization standard ANSI/ESD STM3.1 are complete enough to be used
21、for product qualification, selection or acceptance testing, as well as for periodic verification. Additional periodic verification procedures are described in ANSI/ESD SP3.3, Periodic Verification of Air Ionizers. ANSI/ESD STM3.1 describes a measuring instrument, the CPM, which utilizes a 15 cm x 15
22、 cm (6 inch x 6 inch) isolated conductive plate assembly. ANSI/ESD SP3.3 allows for alternative instrumentation, as long as the alternative instrumentation correlates to measurements made with the standard CPM (see Annex B for more information). Neither of these standards directly addresses the issu
23、es of making measurements in small confined spaces or making measurements that better describe the effects of ionization on small objects (for example, integrated circuits or magnetoresistive heads). There is a need for a smaller, standardized test fixture that can be correlated to measurements made
24、 with the test fixture described in ANSI/ESD STM3.1. It should be as small as possible to allow measurements to be made in confined spaces (for example, the interior of automated equipment). This standard practice presents an example of a 2.54 cm x 2.54cm (1 inch x 1 inch) square test fixture and te
25、st procedures for performance verification of ionizers. This test fixture can also be used to better characterize the performance of air ionizers in neutralizing static charge on small objects. Refer to Annex A3 for additional information. This small test fixture was used in developing this standard
26、 practice. It is not the intent of this standard practice to limit the design of the test fixture or instrumentation in any way. 1 ESD Association Standard Practice: A procedure for performing one or more operations or functions that may or may not yield a test result. Note, if a test result is obta
27、ined it may not be reproducible. ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 ii The performance verification test procedures can be carried out under actual use conditions, and are capable of demonstrating ionizer performance. Discharge time and offset voltage testing contained in ANSI/ESD STM3.1 was adapted for this perfo
28、rmance verification test procedure. It is important that the performance verification procedure results correlate reasonably with standard CPM test results. It is anticipated that both the directly measured data and the correlated data will be available. The objective of the test procedures describe
29、d in this document is to characterize the ionizer performance at specific locations, particularly those in which it is not possible to use a large test fixture. The test setups proposed are not meant to be a recommendation for any particular ionizer configuration. The wide variety of ionizers, and t
30、he environments within which they are used, will often require test setups different from those described in this standard practice. For purposes of performance verification, it is important that ionizers are tested in their normal operating configuration. While the CPM or the test fixture described
31、 in this document provides a standardized performance measure for ionizers, they provide little information about the discharge performance on other objects. It is recommended that users of this document with critical static control requirements use other means to measure the charge neutralization t
32、ime on the actual objects of concern. Electrostatic fieldmeters and voltmeters are commonly used for this purpose. The presence of these measuring instruments themselves will affect the neutralization time. Users of this standard practice should be prepared to adapt the test procedures and setups as
33、 required to produce meaningful data in their own application of ionizers. Similarly, the test procedures and conditions chosen in this standard practice do not represent a recommendation for acceptable ionizer performance. There is a wide range of item sensitivities to electrostatic charge. There i
34、s also a wide range of environmental conditions affecting the operation of ionizers. Performance specifications should be an agreement between the user and manufacturer of the ionizer in each application. Compliance with these specifications should be demonstrated during selection and acceptance tes
35、ting of the ionizers. Users of this standard practice will be able to establish baseline performance in the actual use location for their own application of ionizers. At any time in the future, using the same procedures in this standard practice, the user will be able to verify whether or not the io
36、nizer is providing a comparable level of performance. The user will need to decide the extent of the data required for each application. This standard practice was originally designated ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2012 and approved on September 9, 2012. ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 is a reaffirmation of ANSI/ESD SP3.4-20
37、12 and was approved on September 23, 2016. ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 iii At the time ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 was prepared, the 3.0 Ionization Subcommittee had the following members: Charles McClain, Chair Micron Technology, Inc. Kevin Duncan, TAS Rep Seagate Technology Eugene Felder Desco Industries, Inc. Dav
38、id Girard Honeywell Aerospace Shane Heinle Digi-Key Corporation Vladimir Kraz OnFILTER, Inc. Gregory Manning NASA/ARES Technical Services Gene Monroe NASA - LARC Dale Parkin Seagate Technology Timothy Prass Raytheon Arnold Steinman Electronics Workshop Matt Strickland L-3 Communications, Inc. David
39、Swenson Affinity Static Control Consulting, LLC Julius Turangan Dou Yee Enterprises Robert Vermillion RMV Technology Group, LLC Joshua Yoo Core Insight, Inc. Craig Zander Transforming Technologies The following individuals contributed to the development of ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2012. Brent Beamer 3M Donn B
40、ellmore Advanced ESD Services+ Kevin Duncan Seagate Technology Eugene Felder Desco Industries, Inc. Jay Hamlin Medtronic Steve Heymann Ion Systems, Inc. Vladimir Kraz Best ESD Technical Services Jim Krzmarzick Chris Lemke TREK, Inc. Gene Monroe NASA - LARC Dale Parkin Seagate Technology Roger Peirce
41、 SIMCO-Ion Tim Prass Raytheon Donald Pritchard Monroe Electronics, Inc. Richard Rodrigo SIMCO Jeff Salisbury Flextronics Jose Sancho NASA/GSFC/Honeywell TSI Arnold Steinman Electronics Workshop David Swenson, TAS Rep Affinity Static Control Consulting, LLC Julius Turangan Ovation, Inc. Robert Vermil
42、lion RMV Technology Group Craig Zander Prostat Corporation ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE . 1 1.1 PURPOSE . 1 1.2 SCOPE . 1 2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS 1 3.0 DEFINITIONS 1 4.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY . 1 5.0 TEST FIXTURE AND INSTRUMENTATION 2 6.0 GENERAL MEASUREMENT PROCEDUR
43、E 3 6.1 SETUP 4 6.2 DISCHARGE TIME 4 6.3 OFFSET VOLTAGE . 4 ANNEXES ANNEX A (INFORMATIVE) 5 ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) ION COLLECTION PLATE CORRELATION . 8 ANNEX C (INFORMATIVE) BIBLIOGRAPHY 9 FIGURES Figure 1: Example Test Fixture and Instrumentation 2 Figure 2: Example of a Test Fixture with 2.54 cm x
44、2.54 cm (1 inch x 1 inch) Plate 3 Figure 3: Example of a Test Fixture within a Confined Space 3 ESD Association Standard Practice ANSI/ESD SP3.4-2016 1 ESD Association Standard Practice for the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items Periodic Verification of Air Ionizer Performance U
45、sing a Small Test Fixture 1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This standard practice provides a test fixture example and procedures for performance verification of air ionization used in confined spaces where it may not be possible to use the test fixtures defined in ANSI/ESD STM3.1 or ANSI/ESD SP3.3.
46、 1.2 Scope This standard practice establishes measurement procedures, under recommended conditions, to periodically determine offset voltage (ion balance) and discharge (charge neutralization) times for ionizers in their actual use locations. This standard practice does not include measurements of e
47、lectromagnetic interference (EMI), or uses of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items, or electrically initiated explosive devices. 2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS Unless otherwise specified, the following documents of the latest issue, revision or amendment form a part of this
48、 standard to the extent specified herein: ESD ADV 1.0, ESD Associations Glossary of Terms2 ANSI/ESD STM3.1, Ionization2 ANSI/ESD SP3.3, Periodic Verification of Air Ionizers2 3.0 DEFINITIONS The terms used in the body of this document are in accordance with the definitions found in ESD ADV1.0, ESD A
49、ssociations Glossary of Terms available for complimentary download at www.esda.org. 4.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY THE PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT DESCRIBED IN THIS DOCUMENT MAY EXPOSE PERSONNEL TO HAZARDOUS ELECTRICAL CONDITIONS. USERS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR SELECTING EQUIPMENT THAT COMPLIES WITH APPLICABLE LAWS, REGULATORY CODES, AND BOTH EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL POLICY. USERS ARE CAUTIONED THAT THIS DOCUMENT CANNOT REPLACE OR SUPERSEDE ANY REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONNEL SAFETY. GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS (GFCI) AND OTHER SAFETY PROTECTION SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEREVER PERSON
