1、3 O ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-158-1997 Approved: September 5, 1997 Reaffirmed: October 22, 2001 TIAIEIA STANDARD FOTP-158 Measurement of Breakaway Frictional Force in Fiber Optic Connector Alignment Sleeves TIAIEIA-455-158 NOVEMBER 1997 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION nie Tdecmmuniations Indurtry Mal
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6、es it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. /I This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate saf
7、ety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-3 197-RF1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-6.3 Subcommittee on Interconnecting Devices and Passive Components.) This Document was reaffirmed by the Ameri
8、can National Standards Institute (ANSI) on October 22,2001 and by the TIA. Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 1997 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22201 PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of EIA ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ALLIANCE STANDARDS an
9、d ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS or call Global Engineering Documents, USA and Canada (1-800-854-7179) International (303-397-7956) All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
10、hout license from IHS-,-,-c Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-I 58 FOTP-158 Measurement of breakaway frictional force In fiber optic connector alignment sleeves
11、Contents . Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . III 1 Introduction . . 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Apparatus . 3 4 Sampling
12、 and specimens 5 5 Procedure . 5 6 Calculations or interpretation of results . 6 7 Documentation 6 8 Specification information . . ._ . . . . . 7 Annex A (informative) . 8 Annex B (informative) . 9 Annex C (informative) . . . . . . . 1 O i WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-1 0-96 Copyright Electronic Industries A
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14、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-1 58 FOTP-158 Measurement of breakaway frictional force In fiber optic connector alignment sleeves Foreword (This Foreword is informative only and is not part of this standard) This FOTP is from TIA Project No. 31 97, and was formu
15、lated under the cognizance of TIA FO-6.3, Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Interconnecting Devices. This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard EIA/TIA-455. There are three annexes which are informative. Annex C, which had been inadvertently omitted in the publ
16、ication of FOTP 158, has been included in this reaffirmation copy. Annex C had been included in the copy of FOTP 158 that was balloted and approved. Key words: fiber optic connectors, breakaway friction force, ferrules, alignment sleeve, gage pins. iii WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 Copyright Electronic
17、Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-1 58 This page left blank iv WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-1 0-96 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for Resal
18、eNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TlNEIA-455-I 58 FOTP 158 MEASUREMENT OF BREAKAWAY FRICTIONAL FORCE IN FIBER OPTIC CONNECTOR ALIGNMENT SLEEVES 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Intent The objective of this FOTP is to measure the breakaway frictional force between the ferrule an
19、d the sleeve in fiber optic connectors. 1.2 Background The contact force between the mating ferrules in an optical connector is the difference between the friction force between the ferrule and the sleeve, and the spring force of the connector. To maintain contact the friction force must remain belo
20、w the spring force. The procedures in this FOTP have been selected to estimate the maximum breakaway frictional force that will exist between the ferrule and the sleeve. The mechanics of friction result in significant variations in the measurement of breakaway friction. The criteria to be applied to
21、 the results of these measurements must account for the spread that is inherent in the mechanism being measured. See Annex B. 1.3 Description The specimen is a connector alignment sleeve. The measurement is made with two gage pins inserted so they meet at the center of the sleeve. Force is applied b
22、etween one of the gage pins and the sleeve as shown in Figure 1. To account for possible asymmetry between the ends of the sleeve an equal number of measurements are made with the gage pin being removed from each end of the sleeve. WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 1 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance
23、 Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINElA-455-158 Figure l - Test Unit With Applied Force Gage Pin Assembly w I V F 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in thi
24、s text, may constitute provisions of this procedure. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this procedure are encouraged to apply the most recent editions of the referenced standards. EINTIA-455-A EIAl
25、TIA-4750000-B EIAITIA-604 IEC 874-1, Third Edition JIS-C-5961-1990 “Standard Test Procedures for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Com po n en t s ” “Generic specifications for Fiber Optic Connectors” Fiber Optic Connector Int
26、ermateability Standards (FOCIS) “Connectors for Optical Fibers and Cables, Part 1 Generic Specification” “Test Methods for Optical Fiber Cords” 2 WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permi
27、tted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-158 3 Apparatus 3.1 Force Generator Force is to be applied to the test unit with a mechanism that generates a continuously increasing force, and is equipped with a force gage to record the peak force that occurs at breakaway. See Annex A. 3.2 Gage Pins Th
28、e gage pins may be solid pins or connector ferrules that meet the gage pin requirements. The gage pin assembly consists of the gage pin and a fixture for the application of load. The requirements for the gage pin are as follows: 1) Diameters of the gage pins are to be as specified in the Detail 2) T
29、he diameter of the two gage pins used in a given test are to be within 3) The lengths of the gage pins are to be sufficient to extend at least half 4) The following normative values are to be used where the parameters are Specification or FOCIS. + 0.1 pm of each other or as specified. way into the s
30、leeve under test. not defined in the specifying document: Material Zircon i a Surface Finish (Ra) 0.2 pm Out of Roundness 0.5 pm 3.3 Test Unit The test unit is a sleeve with two gage pins inserted so as to touch at the center of the sleeve. The interface between the two gage pins is to be located wi
31、thin a distance of 10% of the length of the sleeve from the center of the sleeve. 3.4 Test Setup Force is applied to the end of one of the gage pins and to the edge of the sleeve as shown in figure 2. The test fixturing must be such that only two forces are applied to the moving gage pin: the force
32、withdrawing the pin, and the frictional force between the gage pin and the sleeve. The force may be applied to the sleeve through a fixed stop as in figure 2a or through a floating housing as in figure 2b. A connector adapter may be used as a 3 WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 Copyright Electronic Industri
33、es Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-.! TINEIA-455-158 floating housing. The nonmoving pin in a floating housing must be restrained so that it is not withdrawn during the test. Figure 2 - Application of F
34、orce F I F 2a Fixed Stop 2b Floating Housing The linkage through which force is applied to the gage pin assemblies must not induce a bending load. Either swivel joints or flexible members are recommended at the points at which load is applied to the gage pin assemblies. Force must be applied within
35、a distance E and within an angle a with respect to the centerline of the sleeve: 4 mm a K 4“ 4 WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-158 4
36、Sampling and specimens 4.1 Specimen The specimen is a connector alignment sleeve. 4.2 Sampling Specimens shall be selected randomly from manufactured lots. The sampling schedule shall be specified in the Detail Specification. 5 Procedure 5.1 Preconditioning Unless otherwise specified by the detailed
37、 specification, prior to testing, gage pins are to be cleaned by wiping with laboratory wipes moistened with ethyl alcohol, and by blowing dry with dry, clean, oil and moisture free compressed gas. Cleaning action is to consist of thorough rubbing or scrubbing. Sleeves may be cleaned with pipe clean
38、ers with suitable bristles moistened with ethyl alcohol, and by blowing dry with dry, clean, oil and moisture free compressed gas. Following cleaning with alcohol, adapters and gage pins are preconditioned at 40 O C for 0.5 hr and then returned to room temperature for at least 0.5 hr. Care is to be
39、exercised that the mating surfaces are not contaminated with oil or grease. Bare fingers can deposit a film of grease, and gloves should be used if it is necessary to touch the mating surfaces. During a test sequence it is not necessary to repeat the preconditioning procedure unless there is a possi
40、bility that the gage pins or sleeves have been contaminated with grease or other materials that would not be readily removed with a dry wipe. 5.2 Cleaning Following each measurement gage pins may be cleaned by wiping with dry laboratory wipes, and by blowing with dry, clean, oil and moisture free co
41、mpressed gas. Adapters may be cleaned with pipe cleaners with suitable bristles, and blowing with dry, clean, oil and moisture free compressed gas. WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 5 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking p
42、ermitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-158 5.3 Testing Force is to be applied at a continuously increasing rate. See Annex A. Unless otherwise specified, three withdrawal force measurements are to be made from each end of the sleeve. 6 Calculations or interpretation of results The averages
43、 of the three measurements from each end of the sleeve are t be determined. Unless otherwise specified the larger of the two averages is to be used to characterize the withdrawal force of the sleeve. Sampling plans and the analysis of the results are to be specified in the detail specification. See
44、Appeqdix B for estimates of the repeatability and reproducibility of ferrule withdrawal force measurements. 7 DOCUMENTATION 7.1 Documentation that is kept as part of the test procedure shall include: 7.1.1 Title and date of measurement. 7.1.2 Specimen description 7.1.3 Description of apparatus 7.1.4
45、 All measurements 7.1.5 Applicable observations 7.2 United States military applications require that the following information also be reported for each test. For other (nonmilitary) applications, this information need not be reported but shall be available for review upon request: 7.2.1 Test Person
46、nel. 7.2.2 Test equipment used and date of latest calibration. 6 WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-10-96 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-1 58 8 Specification information The
47、 Detail Specification or FOTP shall specify the following information: I. Definition of the specimen, Clause 4.1 J 2. Diameter of the gage pins. 3. Any deviations from the normative values or procedures in this document. 4. Sampling plan 5. Procedures for analysis of the data 6. Preconditioning proc
48、edure if other than specified in 5.1. 7 WWW, TIA FO-6.3, 10-1 0-96 Copyright Electronic Industries Alliance Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TINEIA-455-158 Annex A (Informative) Load in g Ve loci ty The rate at w
49、hich force applied to the test unit is to be increased is limited by the response or the capture rate of the force gage. With a mechanically driven instrument the rate at which force increases is a function of both the velocity of the crosshead and the stiffness of the linkage between the crosshead and the test unit. Loadi
