1、 American National StandardANSI Z245.41 - 2015 for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable Materials - Facilities for the Processing of Commingled Recyclable Materials Safety Requirements NATIONAL WASTE their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has app
2、roved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standa
3、rd. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this
4、standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may recei
5、ve current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, New York, New York, 10036, Phone: 212-642-4900, Fax: 212-398-0023. Published by: National Waste Workplace Floor, Wall Stairs ANSI/ASSE Z359.3 Safety Requirements for Positionin
6、g and Travel Restraint Systems ANSI/ASME B20.1, Safety Standard for Conveyors and Related Equipment ANSI/IESNA RP 7 ANSI/ISEA Z87.1, Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices ANSI/ISEA Z89.1, Industrial Head Protection ANSI/ITSDF B56.1, Safety Standard for Low Lift and Hi
7、gh Lift Trucks (Powered and Non-Powered Industrial Trucks) ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code ANSI/NFPA 79 Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery ANSI/SAE J994, Alarm Backup Electric Laboratory Performance Testing ANSI Z245.1, Mobile Wastes and Recyclable Materials Collection, Transportati
8、on and Compaction Equipment Safety Requirements ANSI Z245.21, Stationary Compactors Safety Requirements ANSI Z245.51, Baling Equipment Safety Requirements ANSI Z245.30, Waste Containers - Safety Requirements ANSI Z535 Series, Safety Alerting Standards ASHRAE 62, Ventilation for Indoor Air Quality an
9、d 1910 .1000 reference ASTM F2413, Performance Requirements for Protective (Safety) Toe Cap Footwear NFPA 70E-, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace NFPA 101, Life Safety Code U.S. Code of Federal Regulations 29 CFR 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, General Industry Sta
10、ndards 29 CFR 1910.132 Personal Protective Equipment: General Requirements 29 CFR 1910 Subpart D Walking-Working Surfaces 29 CFR 1910.38 Emergency Action Plans 29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 29 CFR 1910.144 Safety Color Code for Marking Physical Hazards 29 CFR 1910.145 Specification for A
11、ccident Prevention Signs and Tags 3 General definitions The definitions below apply to terms used in this standard, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. 3.1 access door: A panel covering an opening that is designed to permit access to the interior of the equipment. 3.2 affected employee:
12、An employee whose job functions place him/her in proximity to potential hazards related to work being performed by an authorized employee. 3.3 arc flash: An electrical breakdown in resistance of air resulting in an electrical arc, which occurs with sufficient voltage and a path to ground or lower vo
13、ltage, and a massive energy release vaporizing metal conductors, blasting molten metal and expanding plasma outward with extreme force. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.41-2015 Page 3 3.4 authorized employee: A person who, on the basis of their specific experience and training, is permitted to o
14、perate machinery, or to perform certain designated duties, such as energy control procedures (lockout/tagout), entry into confined spaces or access to special work areas. 3.5 automatic cycling control: A control that uses an automatic actuator or sensor to initiate operation of waste processing equi
15、pment, when refuse enters or reacts to a certain level in the equipments loading chamber. 3.6 baler: A machine used to compress materials, with or without binding, to a dense form that will support handling and transportation as a material unit. 3.7 bunker: A walled structure used to temporarily sto
16、re material. 3.8 chute: An enclosure connected to the processing equipment and to an adjacent structure that funnels material into the loading chamber. 3.9 collection vehicle: An engine-powered cab and chassis, including trailers, upon which mobile equipment is mounted for the loading, compacting, t
17、ransporting, and unloading of material, or for the receiving, transporting, and unloading of containers. Some mobile collection equipment, such as rear loaders, side loaders, and front loaders, also compact the material within the body. Some vehicles, such as tilt-frame and hoist-type equipment, loa
18、ds, transports, dumps, or unloads transportable containers that hold material. 3.10 commercial waste: Waste produced by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, and other non-manufacturing operations. 3.11 commingled recyclables: Recyclables which have been separated from solid waste but not from e
19、ach other, e.g., glass bottles and metal cans. 3.12 compactor-container combinations: Powered machines that remain stationary when in operation, and are designed to compact refuse into an integral (self-contained compactor), detachable container, or transfer vehicle. The entire self-contained unit m
20、ay be moved for placement and unloading of refuse or the container may be detached and removed, typically using a tilt-frame or roll-off vehicle. A container specially designed to be compatible with the compactor to which it is attached. It is used to receive, contain, store, and transport the compa
21、cted material. 3.13 container: A receptacle (also referred to as a bin) that receives and holds material for lifting, tipping, unloading or transportation by mechanical means. Containers are specially designed for use with certain types of equipment, which include, but are not limited to the example
22、s detailed hereinafter. Containers used with rear-loading compacting equipment may incorporate features that differ from containers used with front-loading compacting equipment. Containers used in conjunction with tilt-frame and hoist-type equipment are designed to be picked-up, transported, unloade
23、d, and set off by that equipment. These containers receive, store and transport compacted or loose material, and are hoisted onto the tilt-frame or hoist-type equipment (commonly referred to as roll-offs, luggers and hook-lifts). Cart (two-wheeled plastic refuse container): A receptacle intended to
24、temporarily hold solid wastes. The receptacle is made of plastic and has two wheels for ease of movement. Volumetric capacity ranges from 20 to 120 gallons (75 to 450 liters). Plastic refuse receptacles of greater capacity are considered containers for the purpose of this standard. AMERICAN NATIONAL
25、 STANDARD ANSI Z245.41-2015 Page 4 3.14 container lifting devices: Component mechanisms such as, but not limited to, lifting arms, forks, and hydraulic cylinders, cables, winches and revving cylinders mounted to a foundation or stationary equipment that are used to complete a lift and dump cycle of
26、carts or containers into the loading chamber of processing equipment. 3.15 contractor: A person (or company) who contracts to supply certain materials or provide a specific service (work) for a stipulated fee and/or a specified period, e.g., any of the building trades, architectural and engineering
27、firms, or waste management consultants. The work or service provided is usually outside the scope of materials supplied or services provided by the employers or operators workforce. 3.16 contract laborer: An employee of a contractor that contracts with a facility operator to provide labor (work) for
28、 a specified fee. A contract laborer may be used to supplement a facility operators/employers regular workforce and usually performs the same or similar work as regular full-time employees. 3.17 control panel: The panel, where used, that contains the controls for operating waste processing equipment
29、. It can be mounted on the device itself or located remotely at a control station. 3.18 conveyor: A horizontal, inclined, or vertical device for moving or transporting material in a path and direction predetermined by the design of the device, and having fixed or selective points of loading and disc
30、harge. 3.19 crusher: A mechanical device typically employing rotating members, such as hammers acting against stationary parts, or jaws impacting an anvil. Crushers are typically used to size-reduce glass, ores and other friable items. 3.20 cycle: The movement of a mechanism to perform one complete
31、operation having a definite beginning and end. 3.21 eddy current separator: A conveyor containing a rotor mechanism with rare-earth magnets of alternating polarity. The spinning rotor creates a magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in nonferrous materials passing over it. The currents create a
32、 repelling magnetic force, which causes metallic materials to be separated from nonmetallic materials. 3.22 emergency stop: The emergency stop device is a manual control device. It is the method of initiating the emergency stop function. The actuator of an emergency stop device is the component that
33、 is actuated by a person. Examples of actuators include- mushroom type push button, ropes, wires, Simply put, an emergency stop function is a function that is initiated by a human action and is intended to shut down equipment in the case of emergency. 3.23 employee: An individual hired by an employe
34、r to work for compensation. 3.24 employer: A person, company or entity who hires one or more individuals, companies or entities to work for compensation. 3.25 hazard: A condition of such a nature that may precipitate an accident or an injury. 3.26 hoist-type equipment: The hoist arms, chains, and fr
35、ames used to elevate, support, transport, dump, and unload compatible refuse containers. Hoist-type equipment is mounted on an engine-powered cab and chassis. 3.27 industrial waste: Solid waste, which may contain recyclable materials, produced as a result of manufacturing or industrial processes or
36、demolition operations. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.41-2015 Page 5 3.28 installer: A company or person in control of and responsible for putting equipment or structures in place, activating them, and performing initial checks on equipment operation. 3.29 interlock: A device or mechanism used
37、 to connect individual components together so that the action of one part of the equipment is constrained by, or dependent upon, another. 3.30 loading chamber: The loading area of a stationary compactor or baler that holds the material prior to compaction or baling. 3.31 loading height: The vertical
38、 distance between a loading sill (edge) and the working surface. 3.32 loading hopper: An enclosure mounted on the processing equipment that serves to receive and direct the flow of material into the loading chamber. 3.33 loading sill: The ledge over which material is deposited into the loading hoppe
39、r. 3.34 lockout/tagout device: A device which, when placed on an energy isolating device (a mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy) in accordance with an established procedure, ensures and indicates that the energy isolating device and the equipment being co
40、ntrolled cannot be operated until the lockout/tagout device is removed. 3.35 magnet: A device that is used to separate magnetic from nonmagnetic materials. It may incorporate electro-magnets or permanent magnets. It may also be self-cleaning. 3.36 maintenance personnel: Employees who are educated, t
41、rained, qualified and authorized to service, inspect, clean, repair or maintain equipment. 3.37 manufacturer: An individual, corporation, partnership or other legal entity that is in the business of designing, constructing and fabricating products. 3.38 material: As used in this context, material me
42、ans all wastes and recyclable materials handled by a processing facility. (See definitions of waste and recyclable material. 3.39 material recovery facility (MRF): Any solid waste processing facility where materials are recovered from waste for the purpose of recycling. A MRF may be further defined
43、according to the type of waste processed: A commingled MRF is a facility that sorts commingled recyclables previously separated from the residential or commercial waste stream; a mixed-waste MRF sorts recyclables from municipal solid waste. 3.40 mobile control device: a handheld wireless device used
44、 to operate a system or parts of a system. 3.41 mobile equipment: The equipment that is used for loading, transporting, and unloading refuse (including containerized refuse). For purposes of this standard, mobile equipment includes both collection vehicles (3.11) and powered industrial trucks (3.56)
45、. 3.42 modification: Any change, alteration, addition to or removal from the original equipment or component that alters any portion, function or operation of the equipment that is different from the manufacturers original design, specification or use. 3.43 municipal solid waste (MSW): Unsorted, wet
46、 and dry solid waste not including industrial process wastes, agricultural wastes, mining wastes and sewage sludge. MSW is typically divided into residential and commercial categories. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.41-2015 Page 6 3.44 operator: An individual who is trained and authorized by t
47、he employer to use and operate equipment and who may clean the equipment other than in the course of servicing, maintenance, or repair. 3.45 person: An individual, corporation, partnership, legal entity, or business. 3.46 pinch point: A point at which it is possible to be caught between moving parts
48、, or between moving and stationary parts of a piece of equipment. 3.47 point of operation: The area on a machine where work is actually performed upon the material being processed. 3.48 powered industrial truck: A mobile, power-driven vehicle used to carry, push, pull, lift, stack, or tier material,
49、 e.g., high lift trucks, counterbalanced trucks, cantilever trucks, rider trucks, forklift trucks, skid steers and bucket loaders. 3.49 processing equipment: Powered machines or equipment used to mechanically handle, separate, sort, compress, densify, classify, and upgrade materials. Examples are stationary compactors; crushers; balers; size reduction equipment; trommels; conveyors; air, magnetic and eddy current separators; or pelletizers. 3.50 processing facility: A facility in which materials are handled for purposes of transfer, separation, recovery, classification or
