1、Advanced Energy Design Guidefor Medium to Big Box Retail BuildingsAchieving 50% Energy Savings Toward a Net Zero Energy BuildingAdvanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings50%50%Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail BuildingsThis guide was prepared under AS
2、HRAE Special Project 135.Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings is the third in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004. The energy savings target of 50% is t
3、he next step toward achieving a net zero energy building, which is defined as a building that, on an annual basis, draws from outside resources equal or less energy than it provides using on-site renewable energy sources. ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 provides the fixed reference point and se
4、rves as a consistent baseline and scale for all of the 50% Advanced Energy Design Guides.This Guide focuses on box retail buildings ranging in size from 20,000 ft to 100,000 ft and applies to general merchandise, specialty, department, and other types of stand-alone retail buildings. Space types cov
5、ered include vestibules, administrative and office, sales floor areas, fitting rooms, corridors, break rooms, restrooms, and stocking areas. This Guide does not cover large centralized refrigeration systems, commercial kitchens, or restaurants.The specific energy-saving recommendations are summarize
6、d in a single table for each climate zone and will allow contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and designers to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without detailed energy modeling or analyses. In addition, this Guide provides information on integrated design, including best pr
7、actices, as a necessary component in achieving 50% energy savings. A chapter on energy modeling and benchmarking strategies is also included to guide teams who do not wish to follow the specific energy-saving recommendation tables.Those looking for help in implementing the climate-specific recommend
8、ations of this guide will find an expanded section of tips and approaches in the “How to Implement Recommendations” chapter. These tips are cross-referenced with the recommendation tables. This chapter also includes additional “bonus” recommendations that identify opportunities to incorporate greate
9、r energy savings into the design of the building.Case studies and technical examples throughout the guide illustrate the recommendations and demonstrate the technologies in real-world applications. For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit www.ashrae.org/ae
10、dg. 9 781936 504169ISBN: 978-1-936504-16-9Product Code: 90389 12/11Developed by:American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning EngineersThe American Institute of ArchitectsIlluminating Engineering Society of North AmericaU.S. Green Building CouncilU.S. Department of EnergyAdvanced E
11、nergy Design GuideforMedium to Big BoxRetail BuildingsThis is an ASHRAE Design Guide. Design Guides are developed underASHRAEs Special Publication procedures and are not consensus docu-ments. This document is an application manual that provides voluntary rec-ommendations for consideration in achievi
12、ng greater levels of energy savingsrelative to minimum standards.This publication was prepared under the auspices of ASHRAE Special Project 135and was supported with funding from DOE through NREL subcontract #AGN-1-11923.PROJECT COMMITTEEShanti PlessChairNational Renewable Energy LaboratoryMerle McB
13、rideVice-ChairOwens CorningDon ColliverSteering Committee Ex OfficioUniversity of KentuckyDaniel NallAIA/USGBC RepresentativeWSP Flack + KurtzScott WilliamsAIA/USGBC RepresentativeTarget CorporationCarol MarriottASHRAE RepresentativeCarol Marriott ConsultingEric BonnemaAnalysis SupportNational Renew
14、able Energy LaboratoryMichael LaneIES RepresentativePuget Sound EnergyMatt LeachAnalysis SupportNational Renewable Energy LaboratoryBernie BauerIES RepresentativeIntegrated Lighting ConceptsLilas PrattStaff LiaisonASHRAESTEERING COMMITTEEDon ColliverChairBill Worthen AIA RepresentativeJeremiah Willi
15、amsDOE RepresentativeRita HarroldIES RepresentativeMick SchwedlerASHRAE SSPC 90.1 LiaisonBrendan OwensUSGBC RepresentativeAdrienne ThomleASHRAE TC 7.6 LiaisonTom WatsonASHRAE RepresentativeLilas PrattASHRAE Staff LiaisonAny updates/errata to this publication will be posted on the ASHRAE Web site at
16、www.ashrae.org/publicationupdates.Advanced Energy Design GuideforMedium to Big BoxRetail BuildingsAchieving 50% Energy Savings Toward a Net Zero Energy BuildingAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning EngineersThe American Institute of ArchitectsIlluminating Engineering Societ
17、y of North AmericaU.S. Green Building CouncilU.S. Department of EnergyISBN 978-1-936504-16-9 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle, N.E.Atlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgAll rights reserved.Printed in the United States of AmericaPrinted on
18、 10% post-consumer waste using soy-based inks.Cover design and illustrations by Emily Luce, Designer.Front cover rendering courtesy of Target 3D Image Team.Back cover photo by Dennis Schroeder (NREL/PIX 19506); Reprinted with permission from Target Brands, Inc.ASHRAE has compiled this publication wi
19、th care, but ASHRAE has not investigated, and ASHRAE expressly disclaims any duty to investigate, any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like that may be described herein. The appearance of any technical data or editorial mate-rial in this publication does not constitute endorsemen
20、t, warranty, or guaranty by ASHRAE of any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like. ASHRAE does not warrant that the information in the publication is free of errors, and ASHRAE does not necessarily agree with any statement or opinion in this publication. The entire risk of the use
21、of any information in this publication is assumed by the user.While supported by the U.S. Department of Energy with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, neither the United States govern-ment nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes a
22、ny legal liability or respon-sibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade na
23、me, trade-mark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States go
24、vernment or any agency thereof and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes.Except for rights reserved by the U.S. Government, no part of this book may be reproduced without permission in writing from ASHRAE, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages or reproduce ill
25、ustrations in a review with appropriate credit; nor may any part of this book be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any way or by any meanselectronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwithout permission in writing from ASHRAE. Requests for permission should be submitted at w
26、ww.ashrae.org/permissions.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataAdvanced energy design guide for medium to big box retail buildings : achieving 50% energy savings toward a net zero energy building / American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. . et al.p
27、. cm.Summary: “Designed to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 for medium to big box retail buildings; allows contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and designers to easily achieve advanced levels
28、 of energy savings without having to resort to detailed calculations or analyses“- Provided by publisher.Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-1-936504-16-9 (softcover : alk. paper) 1. Stores, Retail-Energy conservation-United States. 2. Sustainable buildings-Design and construction
29、-Stan-dards-United States. I. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.TH9445.S4A38 2011725.21-dc232011044275ASHRAE STAFFSPECIAL PUBLICATIONSMark OwenEditor/Group Managerof Handbook and Special PublicationsCindy Sheffield MichaelsManaging EditorJames Madison WalkerAs
30、sociate EditorElisabeth WarrickAssistant EditorMeaghan ONeilEditorial AssistantMichshell PhillipsEditorial CoordinatorPUBLISHING SERVICESDavid SoltisGroup Manager of Publishing Servicesand Electronic CommunicationsJayne JacksonPublication Traffic AdministratorPUBLISHERW. Stephen ComstockAcknowledgme
31、nts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ixAbbreviations and Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiForeword: A Message for Building Owners an
32、d Developers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvChapter 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Goal of this Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Sco
33、pe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Energy Modeling Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Achieving 50% Energy Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . 4Conditions to Promote Health and Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Thermal Comfort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Visual Com
35、fort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Acoustic Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7How to Use this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Reference
36、s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Chapter 2 Integrated Design Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Principles of Integrated Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、. . . . . . . . 9Using Integrated Design to Maximize Energy Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Project Kick-Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Programming and Project Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Schematic Design
38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Design Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Construction Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Bid Phase. . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Contentsvi | Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail BuildingsConstruction Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Operations and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Prototype DevelopmentContinuous Improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Controlling Costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
41、1Design Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Integrated Design Best Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Building Site and Design Influences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Multidisciplinary
42、Coordination for Energy Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . 32Budget Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Investment Financial Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Building Configuration and Floor Area Minimization
43、. . . . . . . . . . . 37Safety Factors and Diversity Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Schedule of Occupancy, Use, and Utility Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Redundant and Standby Capacity Sizing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Charettes and Design Reviews .
44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Use of Energy Modeling as Design Guidance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Chapter 3 Applying Energy Modeling and Benchmarking S
45、trategies. . . . . . . . . . . . 41Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Energy Modeling Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Benchmarking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Goal Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Using Energy Modeling throughout the Design Process. . . . . . . . . . 51References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Chapter 4 Design Strategies and Recommendations by Climate Zone . . . . . . . . . . . 53Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Climate Zone Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48、. . . . . . . . . . 54Zone 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Zone 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Zone 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Zone 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Zone 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Zone 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Zone 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Zone 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77References. . . .
