1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B30.1-2009(Revision of ASME B30.1-2004)Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic GantriesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.1-2009(Revision of ASME B30.1-2004)Jacks, IndustrialRollers, Air Casters,an
2、d HydraulicGantriesSafety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: September 30, 2009The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2014. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issua
3、nce. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be pu
4、blished within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or st
5、andard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agenc
6、ies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake
7、 to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isenti
8、rely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordanc
9、e with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mecha
10、nical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2009 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viiB30 Standard Introduction . ixSummary of Changes xiiChapter 1-0 Scope and Definitions . 1Section 1-0.1 Sco
11、pe of B30.1 . 1Section 1-0.2 Definitions 1Section 1-0.3 Reference 2Chapter 1-1 Mechanical Jacks 3Section 1-1.0 Scope . 3Section 1-1.1 Types and Design 3Section 1-1.2 Design Factor 3Section 1-1.3 Rated Loads . 3Section 1-1.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 3Section 1-1.5 Identification 3Section 1-1.6 Eff
12、ects of Environment . 6Section 1-1.7 Instructions and Training 6Section 1-1.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 6Section 1-1.9 Operating Practices 7Chapter 1-2 Hydraulic Jacks . 9Section 1-2.0 Scope . 9Section 1-2.1 Types and Design 9Section 1-2.2 Design Factor 9Section 1-2.3 Rated Loads . 9Section
13、1-2.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 9Section 1-2.5 Identification 11Section 1-2.6 Effects of Environment . 11Section 1-2.7 Instructions and Training 11Section 1-2.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 11Section 1-2.9 Operating Practices 12Chapter 1-3 Air-Lifting Bags . 15Section 1-3.0 Scope . 15Section
14、1-3.1 Types and Design 15Section 1-3.2 Design Factor 15Section 1-3.3 Rated Loads . 15Section 1-3.4 Proof Test . 15Section 1-3.5 Identification 15Section 1-3.6 Effects of Environment . 15Section 1-3.7 Instructions and Training 17Section 1-3.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal From Service 17Section 1-3
15、.9 Operating Practices 18Chapter 1-4 Industrial Rollers 20Section 1-4.0 Scope . 20Section 1-4.1 Types and Design 20Section 1-4.2 Design Factor 20Section 1-4.3 Rated Loads . 20Section 1-4.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 20iiiSection 1-4.5 Identification 20Section 1-4.6 Effects of Environment . 20Sectio
16、n 1-4.7 Instructions and Training 22Section 1-4.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 22Section 1-4.9 Operating Practices 23Chapter 1-5 Air Casters 25Section 1-5.0 Scope . 25Section 1-5.1 Types, Materials, and Design . 25Section 1-5.2 Design Factor 25Section 1-5.3 Rated Loads . 25Section 1-5.4 Proof T
17、est . 25Section 1-5.5 Identification 25Section 1-5.6 Effects of Environment . 25Section 1-5.7 Instructions and Training 27Section 1-5.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 27Section 1-5.9 Operating Practices 28Chapter 1-6 Telescopic Hydraulic Gantry Systems . 30Section 1-6.0 Scope . 30Section 1-6.1 Ty
18、pes and Design 30Section 1-6.2 Design Factors . 30Section 1-6.3 Rated Loads . 30Section 1-6.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 30Section 1-6.5 Identification 32Section 1-6.6 Effects of Environment . 32Section 1-6.7 Instructions and Training 32Section 1-6.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 32Section 1-6.
19、9 Operating Practices 33Figures1-1.1.1-1 Ratchet Jack . 41-1.1.1-2 Screw Jack . 41-1.1.1-3 Power-Driven Screw Jack 51-1.1.1-4 Screw Jack With Ratchet . 51-2.1.1-1 Single-Acting Hydraulic Jack . 101-2.1.1-2 Double-Acting Hydraulic Jack 101-2.1.1-3 Self-Contained Hydraulic Jack 111-3.1.1-1 Air-Lifting
20、 Bags . 161-4.1.1-1 Conventional Industrial Roller: Roller Type . 211-4.1.1-2 Three-Point Rolling System: Wheel Type 211-5.1.1-1 Air Casters 261-5.1.1-2 Four-Unit Air Caster System . 261-6.1.1-1 Gantry Leg Types 311-6.1.1-2 Basic Gantry System . 311-6.9.5.2-1 Standard Hand Signals When Using Jacks,
21、Industrial Rollers, AirCasters, and Telescopic Hydraulic Gantry Systems 35ivFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI)
22、 (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute).This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standardsfor Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, waspresented to the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussi
23、ons regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standard
24、s Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Co
25、deCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project, with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Se
26、ctional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This docum
27、ent was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of th
28、e Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance
29、; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coo
30、rdinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions;
31、compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only w
32、hen it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX of the B30 Stan
33、dard Introduction, before renderingdecisions on disputed points.The 2009 revision of this Volume was reformatted to incorporate the requirements for air-liftingbags, industrial rollers, air casters, and telescopic hydraulic gantry systems. Chapters 1-1 through1-6 contain requirements that are specif
34、ic to each type of equipment. The title of this Volumewas revised to Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic Gantries. This Volume of theStandard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSIand designated as an American National Standard on July 14, 2009.v
35、Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Suggested revisions may besubmitted to the committee for consideration, in the format described in Section VIII of theB30 Standard Introduction. Revisions result from committee consideration of factors such astechnological advances, n
36、ew data, and changing environmental and industry needs. Revisionsdo not imply that previous editions were inadequate.viASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Stand
37、ard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretaryJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QINETIQ North AmericaR. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, T
38、he Crosby GroupR. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc.W. J. Smith, Jr., Alternate, Nations Builders Insurance ServicesM. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Crane GroupE. D. Fidler, Alternate, Grove Worldwide/Manitowoc Crane GroupT. A. Christensen, Alliance of
39、 American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti horizontal movement ofthe telescopic hydraulic gantry system along the track(Chapter 1-6).SECTI
40、ON 1-0.3: REFERENCERecommended Practices for Telescopic HydraulicGantry SystemsPublisher: Specialized Carriers & Rigging Association,2750 Prosperity Avenue, Suite 620, Fairfax, VA 22031-4312 (www.scranet.org)(09)ASME B30.1-2009Chapter 1-1Mechanical JacksSECTION 1-1.0: SCOPEThis Chapter applies to me
41、chanical jacks.SECTION 1-1.1: TYPES AND DESIGN1-1.1.1 Types(a) Types are screw and ratchet style (seeFigs. 1-1.1.1-1 through 1-1.1.1-4) and are primarily usedin a vertical position.(b) All jacks covered by this Chapter shall incorporatea positive stop or method to prevent over travel.(c) Mechanical
42、jacks not covered by this Chaptershould be used in accordance with recommendations ofthe manufacturer or a qualified person.1-1.1.2 Design(a) The load-bearing materials in the jack shall havesufficient strength and ductility to raise, lower, and sup-port the rated load at the temperatures at which i
43、t willbe used.(b) The jack shall be designed to meet the proof loadrequirements in para. 1-1.4.2(a).(c) The jack should be designed to ensure that thecomputed stress in the structural components of the jackdoes not exceed 50% of the yield strength of the materialat the appropriate rated load for the
44、 components.(d) Control parts and accessory equipment shall bedesigned to provide a means of operation and adjust-ment that will minimize exposure of the operator toinjury.(e) Carrying handles, if provided, shall be capable ofstatically supporting 200% of the weight of the jack.(f) Changes in physic
45、al properties caused by weldinghandles, eyes, or other approved attachments to amechanical jack shall be taken into account.SECTION 1-1.2: DESIGN FACTORThe design factor for mechanical jacks shall be deter-mined by the manufacturer.SECTION 1-1.3: RATED LOADSRated load shall be established by the mec
46、hanical jackmanufacturer.3SECTION 1-1.4: PROOF TEST AND PROOF LOAD1-1.4.1 Proof Test Requirements(a) Each newly designed mechanical jack shall beproof tested by the manufacturer.(b) All newly manufactured mechanical jacks shall beproof tested by the manufacturer with the jack extendedto a point of a
47、t least 25% of travel.(c) The manufacturer or a qualified person shall deter-mine if a proof test is required for any altered, modified,or repaired mechanical jack.(d) After proof testing, the mechanical jack shall bethoroughly inspected for the conditions stated inpara. 1-1.8.4.1-1.4.2 Proof Load R
48、equirements(a) When proof testing a newly designed mechani-cal jack(1) the jacks load point shall be loaded to 110% ofits lifting rated load and operated to its full length oftravel through ten cycles (dynamic test).(2) the jacks load point shall be loaded three timesto 150% of its rated load. The r
49、ack bar or screw shall beat least 90% of full travel. After this test, the jack shallbe functional for full extension under 100% of rated load(static test).(3) each auxiliary load point shall be proof testedin accordance with the same cycles and percentagesdescribed in paras. 1-1.4.2(a)(1) and (2).(b) The proof load for each newly manufacturedmechanical jack shall be a minimum of 100% of therated load.(c) The proof load for each altered, modified, orrepaired mechanical jack shall be a minimum of 100%of the rated load unless otherwise determined by themanufacturer or a qualified perso
