1、Power Piping ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 AN INTERNATIONAL PIPING CODE ASME B31.1-2018 (Revision of ASME B31.1-2016)ASME B31.1-2018 (Revision of ASME B31.1-2016) Power Piping x ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 AN INTERNATIONAL PIPING CODE Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA xDate of Issua
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12、his document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval sys t em or otherwise, without the prior writ ten permission of the publisher . The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2018 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
13、All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Chapter I Scope and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 100 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter II Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 PART 1 Conditions and Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 15 101 Design Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 102 Design Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 PART 2 Pressure Design of Piping
18、 Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 103 Criteria for Pressure Design of Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 104 Pressure Design of Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . 22 PART 3 Selection and Limitations of Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 105 Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 106 Fittings, Bends, a
20、nd Intersections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 107 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 108 Pipe Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, Gaskets, and Bol
21、ting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 PART 4 Selection and Limitations of Piping Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 110 Piping Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . 39 111 Welded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 112 Flanged Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 113 Expanded or Rolle
23、d Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 114 Threaded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 115 Flared, Flareless, and Compression Joints, and Unions . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 116 Bell End Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 117 Brazed and Soldered Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . 45 118 Sleeve Coupled and Other Proprietary Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 PART 5 Expansion, Flexibility, and Pipe- Supporting Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 119 Expansion and Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 120 Loads On Pipe- Supporting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 121 Design of Pipe- Supporting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . 49 PART 6 Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 122 Design Requirements Pertaining to Specific Piping Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Chapter III Materials . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 123 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 124 Limitations On Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 125 Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 iiiChapter IV Dimensional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . 72 126 Material Specifications and Standards for Standard and Nonstandard Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 127 Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 128 Brazing and Soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . 88 129 Bending and Forming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 130 Requirements for Fabricating and Attaching Pipe Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 131 Welding Preheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 132 Postweld Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 133 Stamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 135 Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
35、04 136 Inspection and Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 137 Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Chapter VII Operation and Maintenance
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 138 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 139 Operation and Maintenance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 140 Condition Assessment of CPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 141 CPS Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、. . . 113 142 Piping and Pipe- Support Maintenance Program and Personnel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 114 144 CPS Walkdowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 145 Material Degradation Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 146 Dynamic Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Mandatory Appendices A Allowable Stress Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 B Thermal Expansion Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 C Moduli of Elasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 D
41、 Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 F Referenced Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 G Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 H Preparation of Technical Inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 N Rules for Nonmetallic Piping and Piping Lined With Nonmetals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、. . 266 O Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 P Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 Nonmandatory Appendices II Rules for the Design of S
44、afety Valve Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 IV Corrosion Control for ASME B31.1 Power Piping Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 V Recommended Practice for Operation, Maintenance, and Modification of Power Piping Systems 327 VII
45、 Procedures for the Design of Restrained Underground Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 VIII Guidelines for Determining if Low- Temperature Service Requirements Apply . . . . . . . . . . 352 ivFigures 100.1.2-1 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping An Example of Forced Flow Steam
46、 Generators With No Fixed Steam or Waterline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 100.1.2-2 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping An Example of Steam Separator Type Forced Flow Steam Generators With No Fixed Steam or Waterline . . . . . . . . .
47、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 100.1.2-3 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Drum- Type Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 100.1.2-4 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Isolable Economizers Located in Feedwater Piping and Isolable Superheaters in Main Steam Pipi
48、ng (Boiler Pressure Relief Valves, Blowoff, and Miscellaneous Piping for Boiler Proper Not Shown for Clarity) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 100.1.2-5 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Reheaters and Nonintegral Separately Fired Superheaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 100.1.2-6 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Spray- Type Desuperheater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 100.1.2-7 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping HRSG Desuperheater Protection Devices . . . . . 9 102.4.5-1 Nomenclature for Pipe Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 104.3.1-1 Reinforcement of Branch Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 104.3.1-2 Reinforced Extruded Outlets
