1、ASME PTB-3-2013ASME Section VIII Division 2Example Problem ManualPTB-3-2013 PTB-3-2013 ASME Section VIII - Division 2 Example Problem Manual James C. Sowinski, P.E. David A. Osage, P.E. Robert G. Brown, P.E. The Equity Engineering Group, Inc. PTB-3-2013 Date of Issuance: June 18, 2013 This document
2、was prepared as an account of work sponsored by ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards (PTCS) through the ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC). Neither ASME, the authors, nor others involved in the preparation or review of this document, nor any of their respective employees, members o
3、r persons acting on their behalf, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned right
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9、rwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2013 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in the U.S.A. PTB-3-2013 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword vi Ac
10、knowledgements viii PART 1 . 1 1.1 Introduction . 1 1.2 Scope 1 1.3 Organization and Use . 1 1.4 References 1 PART 2 . 2 2.1 General . 2 2.2 Example Problem Format . 2 2.3 Calculation Precision 2 PART 3 . 3 3.1 Example E3.1 Use of MDMT Exemptions Curves . 3 3.2 Example E3.2 Use of MDMT Exemption Cur
11、ves with Stress Reduction . 4 3.3 Example E3.3 Develop MDMT Using Fracture Mechanics (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1) 6 PART 4 . 19 4.1 General Requirements 19 4.1.1 Example E4.1.1 Review of General Requirements for a Vessel Design . 19 4.1.2 Example E4.1.2 Required Wall Thickness of a Hemispherical Head 20 4
12、.1.3 Example E4.1.3 Required Wall Thickness of a Hemispherical Head - Higher Strength Material 21 4.2 Welded Joints 22 4.2.1 Example E4.2.1 Nondestructive Examination Requirement for Vessel Design 22 4.2.2 Example E4.2.2 Nozzle Detail and Weld Sizing 25 4.2.3 Example E4.2.3 Nozzle Detail with Reinfo
13、rcement Pad and Weld Sizing . 26 4.3 Internal Design Pressure 28 4.3.1 Example E4.3.1 Cylindrical Shell . 28 4.3.2 Example E4.3.2 Conical Shell . 29 4.3.3 Example E4.3.3 Spherical Shells . 30 4.3.4 Example E4.3.4 Torispherical Head 31 4.3.5 Example E4.3.5 Elliptical Head 34 4.3.6 Example E4.3.6 Comb
14、ined Loadings and Allowable Stresses 37 4.3.7 Example E4.3.7 Conical Transitions Without a Knuckle 43 4.3.8 Example E4.3.8 Conical Transitions with a Knuckle . 64 4.4 Shells Under External Pressure and Allowable Compressive Stresses . 69 4.4.1 Example E4.4.1 Cylindrical Shell . 69 4.4.2 Example E4.4
15、.2 Conical Shell . 71 4.4.3 Example E4.4.3 Spherical Shell and Hemispherical Head 74 4.4.4 Example E4.4.4 Torispherical Head 75 4.4.5 Example E4.4.5 Elliptical Head 77 4.4.6 Example E4.4.6 Combined Loadings and Allowable Compressive Stresses . 79 4.4.7 Example E4.4.7 Conical Transitions without a Kn
16、uckle 95 4.4.8 Example E4.4.8 Conical Transitions with a Knuckle . 116 PTB-3-2013 iv 4.5 Shells Openings in Shells and Heads 122 4.5.1 Example E4.5.1 Radial Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell and Weld Strength Analysis 122 4.5.2 Example E4.5.2 Hillside Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell and Weld Strength Analysis
17、 128 4.5.3 Example E4.5.3 Radial Nozzle in Elliptical Head and Weld Strength Analysis 134 4.6 Flat Heads 140 4.6.1 Example E4.6.1 Flat Un-stayed Circular Heads 140 4.6.2 Example E4.6.2 Flat Un-stayed Non-Circular Heads Attached by Welding . 142 4.7 Spherically Dished Bolted Covers 143 4.7.1 Example
18、E4.7.1 Thickness Calculation for a Type D Head . 143 4.7.2 Example E4.7.2 Thickness Calculation for a Type D Head Using the Alternative Rule in Paragraph 4.7.5.3 . 153 4.8 Quick-Actuating (Quick Opening) Closures . 163 4.8.1 Example E4.8.1 Review of Requirements for Quick-Actuating Closures 163 4.9
19、Braced and Stayed Surfaces 165 4.9.1 Example E4.9.1 Braced and Stayed Surfaces 165 4.10 Ligaments . 168 4.10.1 Example E4.10.1 Ligaments . 168 4.11 Jacketed Vessels 170 4.11.1 Example E4.11.1 Jacketed Vessel 170 4.11.2 Example E4.11.2 Half-Pipe Jacket 173 4.12 NonCircular Vessels . 176 4.12.1 Exampl
20、e E4.12.1 Type 1 . 176 4.12.2 Example E4.12.2 Type 4 . 181 4.13 Layered Vessels . 190 4.13.1 Example E4.13.1 Layered Cylindrical Shell 190 4.13.2 Example E4.13.2 Layered Hemispherical Head . 190 4.13.3 Example E4.13.3 Maximum Permissible Gap in a Layered Cylindrical Shell . 191 4.14 Evaluation of Ve
21、ssels Outside of Tolerance. 192 4.14.1 Example E4.14.1 Shell Tolerances . 192 4.14.2 Example E4.14.2 Shell Tolerances and Fatigue Evaluation . 194 4.14.3 Example E4.14.3 Local Thin Area . 200 4.15 Supports and Attachments . 203 4.15.1 Example E4.15.1 Horizontal Vessel, Zicks Analysis 203 4.15.2 Exam
22、ple E4.15.2 Vertical Vessel, Skirt Design . 211 4.16 Flanged Joints 219 4.16.1 Example E4.16.1 Integral Type . 219 4.16.2 Example E4.16.2 Loose Type . 229 4.17 Clamped Connections 238 4.17.1 Example E4.17.1 Flange and Clamp Design Procedure 238 4.18 Tubesheets in Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers . 249
23、 4.18.1 Example E4.18.1 U-Tube Tubesheet Integral with Shell and Channel . 249 4.18.2 Example E4.18.2 U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel . 253 4.18.3 Example E4.18.3 U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel . 256 4.18.4 Example E4.18.4 U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and I
24、ntegral with Channel, Extended as a Flange . 259 4.18.5 Example E4.18.5 Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration b, Tubesheet Integral with Shell, Extended as a Flange and Gasketed on the Channel Side 263 PTB-3-2013 v 4.18.6 Example E4.18.6 Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration b, Tubesheet Integ
25、ral with Shell, Extended as a Flange and Gasketed on the Channel Side 275 4.18.7 Example E4.18.7 Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration a . 288 4.18.8 Example E4.18.8 Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Gasketed, Not Extended as a Flange . 300 4.18.9 Example E4
26、.18.9 Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Integral 308 4.18.10 Example E4.18.10 Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Internally Sealed 317 4.19 Bellows Expansion Joints . 324 4.19.1 Example E4.19.1 U-Shaped Un-reinforced Bellow
27、s Expansion Joint and Fatigue Evaluation 324 4.19.2 Example E4.19.2 Toroidal Bellows Expansion Joint and Fatigue Evaluation 332 PART 5 . 338 5.1 General Requirements 338 5.2 Protection Against Plastic Collapse 338 5.2.1 Example E5.2.1 Elastic Stress Analysis . 338 5.2.2 Example E5.2.2 Limit Load Ana
28、lysis . 349 5.2.3 Example E5.2.3 Elastic-Plastic Analysis 352 5.3 Protection Against Local Failure . 356 5.3.1 Overview . 356 5.3.2 Example E5.3.2 Elastic Analysis . 356 5.3.3 Example E5.3.3 Elastic-Plastic Analysis 357 5.4 Example E5.4 Protection Against Collapse from Buckling 361 5.5 Protection Ag
29、ainst Failure from Cyclic Loading 367 5.5.1 Overview . 367 5.5.2 Example E5.5.2 Fatigue Screening . 367 5.5.3 Example E5.5.3 Elastic Stress Analysis, and Equivalent Stresses . 369 5.5.4 Example E5.5.4 Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis, and Equivalent Strains 376 5.5.5 Example E5.5.5 Elastic Stress Ana
30、lysis, and Structural Stress 384 5.5.6 Example E5.5.6 Protection Against Ratcheting Using Elastic Stress Analysis . 391 5.5.7 Example E5.5.7 Protection Against Ratcheting Using Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis . 396 PART 6 . 399 6.1 Example E6.1 Postweld Heat Treatment of a Pressure Vessel 399 6.2 Ex
31、ample E6.2 Out-of-Roundness of a Cylindrical Forged Vessel . 403 PART 7 . 405 7.1 Example E7.1 NDE Requirements: Vessel with One Examination Group Designation 406 7.2 Example E7.2 NDE Requirements: Vessel with Two Examination Group Designations 410 PART 8 . 419 8.1 Example E8.1 Determination of a Hy
32、drostatic Test Pressure . 419 8.2 Example E8.2 Determination of a Pneumatic Test Pressure 422 PTB-3-2013 vi FOREWORD This document is the second edition of the ASME Section VIII Division 2 example problem manual. The purpose of this second edition is to update the example problems to keep current wi
33、th the changes incorporated into the 2013 edition of the ASME B logical paragraph numbering system and single column format, Many of these enhancements identified by users were included in the first release of Section VIII, Division 2 in 2007. PTB-3-2013 viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge
34、the review performed by the following members of the BPV VIII Committee: Gabriel Aurioles, Richard J. Basile, Michael Clark, Guido Karcher, Scott Mayeux, Urey Miller, Kamran Mokhtarian, Clyde Neely, Thomas P. Pastor, Mahendra D. Rana, Steven C. Roberts, Clay D. Rodery, Allen Selz, John Swezy, and El
35、mar Upitas. We would also like to commend the efforts of Allison Bradfield, Jeffrey Gifford, and Tiffany Shaughnessy for their documentation control and preparation skills in the publication of this manual. PTB-3-2013 1 PART 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS PART CONTENTS 1.1 Introduction ASME B Part 3 Materia
36、ls Requirements Part 4 Design By Rule Requirements Part 5 Design By Analysis Requirements Part 6 Fabrication Requirements Part 7 Examination Requirements Part 8 Pressure Testing Requirements A summary of the example problems provided is contained in the Table of Contents. 2.2 Example Problem Format
37、In all of the example problems, with the exception of tubesheet design rules in paragraph 4.18, the code equations are shown with symbols and with substituted numerical values to fully illustrate the use of the code rules. Because of the complexity of the tubesheet rules, only the results for each s
38、tep in the calculation producer is shown. 2.3 Calculation Precision The calculation precision used in the example problems is intended for demonstration proposes only; an intended precision is not implied. In general, the calculation precision should be equivalent to that obtained by computer implem
39、entation, rounding of calculations should only be done on the final results. PTB-3-2013 3 PART 3 MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS PART CONTENTS 3.1 Example E3.1 Use of MDMT Exemptions Curves Determine if Impact Testing is required for the proposed shell section, using only the rules of paragraph 3.11.2.3. The
40、 shell is cylindrical with all Category A joints made up of Type 1 butt welds which have been 100% radiographically examined. Vessel Data: Material = 516, 70, .SA Grade Norm Nominal Thickness = 1.8125in PWHT = Yes MDMT = 20.0F Corrosion Allowance = 0.125in Per paragraph 3.11.2.3 for Carbon and Low A
41、lloy Steel Except Bolting. a) Since the vessel has been PWHT, Figure 3.8 (or Table 3.15) shall be used to establish impact testing exemptions based on the impact test exemption curve for the subject material specification, MDMT, and governing thickness of a welded part. b) As noted in Figure 3.8, fr
42、om the Material Assignment Table, a material specification of is designated a Curve D material. c) The governing thickness gt of a welded part is determined from the criteria of paragraph 3.11.2.3.b. For a butt joint in a cylindrical shell, is equal to the nominal thickness of the thickest weld join
43、t, see Figure 3.9 Sketch (a). 1.8125gt in d) If an MDMT and thickness combination for the subject material is on or above the applicable impact test exemption curve, then impact testing is not required for base metal. Requirements for weld metal and heat affected zones are provided in paragraph 3.11
44、.8. Interpreting the value of MDMT from Figure 3.8 is performed as follows. Enter the figure along the abscissa with a nominal governing thickness of and project upward until an intersection with the Curve D material is achieved. Project this point left to the ordinate and interpret the MDMT. This r
45、esults in an approximate value of 19.0MDMT F . A more accurate value for MDMT can be achieved by using the tabular values found in Table 3.15. Linear interpolation between thicknesses for a and a Curve D material results in the following value for MDMT. PTB-3-2013 4 12 1 1211 .8 1 2 5 1 .7 5 1 5 .8
46、2 0 .2 2 0 .2 1 9 .12 .0 1 .7 5xxy y y yxxM D M T F Since the calculated MDMT of 19.1F is warmer than the required MDMT of 20.0F, impact testing is required using only the rules in 3.11.2.3. However, impact testing may still be avoided by applying the rules of paragraph 3.11.2.5 or 3.11.2.8. 3.2 Exa
47、mple E3.2 Use of MDMT Exemption Curves with Stress Reduction Determine if impact testing is required for the proposed shell section in E3.1, using the rules of paragraph 3.11.2.5. The shell is cylindrical with all Category A joints made up of Type 1 butt welds which have been 100% radiographically e
48、xamined. Vessel Data: Material = 516, 70, .SA Grade Norm Design Conditions = 356 300psi F Inside Diameter = 150in Nominal Thickness = 1.8125in PWHT = Yes MDMT = Weld Joint Efficiency = 1.0 Corrosion Allowance = 0.125in Allowable Stress at Ambient Temperature = 22400psi Allowable Stress at Design Temperature = Yield Strength at Ambient Temperature = 38000psi In accordance with paragraph 3.11.2.5, the procedure that is used to determine the exemption from impact testing based on design stress values is shown below. a) STEP 1 For the welded part under consideration, dete
