1、Designation: A193/A193M 16A193/A193M 17Standard Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperatureor High Pressure Service and Other Special PurposeApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A193/A193M; the number immediately following the designation
2、 indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agenci
3、es of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers alloy and stainless steel bolting materials and bolting components for pressure vessels, valves,flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications. See SpecificationA9
4、62/A962M for the definition of bolting. Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought and may be further processed by centerless grindingor by cold drawing.Austenitic stainless steel may be carbide solution treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened. Whenstrain hardened austenitic stainless steel
5、is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughlyunderstood.1.2 Several grades are covered, including ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels designated B5, B8, and so forth. Selectionwill depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties
6、, and high temperature characteristics.1.3 The following referenced general requirements are indispensable for application of this specification: SpecificationA962/A962M.NOTE 1The committee formulating this specification has included several steel types that have been rather extensively used for the
7、 present purpose.Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent.NOTE 2For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use at the lower range of high temperature applications, reference should be made to SpecificationA354.NOTE 3For g
8、rades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use in low temperature applications, reference should be made to Specification A320/A320M.1.4 Nuts for use with bolting are covered in Section 13.1.5 Supplementary Requirements are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requiremen
9、ts shallapply only when specified in the purchase order or contract.1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply.1.7 The va
10、lues stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the t
11、wo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations iss
12、uedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Re
13、latedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved March 1, 2016Nov. 15, 2017. Published March 2016November 2017. Originally appro
14、ved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 20152016as A193/A193M 15a.A193/A193M 16. DOI: 10.1520/A0193_A0193M-16.10.1520/A0193_A0193M-17.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-193 in Section II of that Code.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theA
15、STM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an i
16、ndication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to b
17、e considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for B
18、olts for High Pressure or HighTemperature Service, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature ServiceA354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded FastenersA788/A788M Specification for Steel F
19、orgings, General RequirementsA962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use atAny Temperature from Cryogenic to theCreep RangeB633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and SteelB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iro
20、n and SteelB696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically DepositedB766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of CadmiumE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic MaterialsE112 Test Methods for Determ
21、ining Average Grain SizeE139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic MaterialsE150 Recommended Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under Conditionsof Rapid Heating and Short Times (Withdrawn 1984)4E151 Rec
22、ommended Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating andConventional or Rapid Strain Rates (Withdrawn 1984)4E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of MaterialsE328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and Str
23、ucturesE566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Sorting of Ferrous MetalsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingF606F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets (Metric) F0606_F0606M Direct Tension Indi
24、cators, and RivetsF1940 Test Method for Process Control Verification to Prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated or Coated FastenersF1941F1941/F1941M Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasteners (Metric) F1941_F1941M MechanicalFasteners, Inch and MetricF2329F2329/F2329M Specific
25、ation for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners2.2 ASME Standards:5B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.3.3M Metric Heavy Hex ScrewsB18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket ScrewsB18.3.1M Metric
26、 Socket Head Cap Screws2.3 AIAG Standard:6AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard3. General Requirements and Ordering Information3.1 The inquiry and orders shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired bolting material or boltingcomponents adequately
27、:3.1.1 Heat-treated condition (that is carbide solution treated (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), andcarbide solution treated and strain-hardened (Classes 2, 2B and 2C), for the austenitic stainless steels; Classes 1B and 1C applyto the carbide solution-treated nitrogen
28、-bearing stainless steels; Class 1D applies to bolting material that is carbide solution treatedby cooling rapidly from the rolling temperature),3.1.2 Description of items required (that is, bars, bolts, screws, or studs),3.1.3 Nuts, if required by purchaser, in accordance with 13.1,3.1.4 Supplement
29、ary requirements, if any, and3.1.5 Special requirements, in accordance with 6.1.5.1, 6.2.6, 8.1, and 13.1.3.2 CoatingsCoatings are prohibited unless specified by the purchaser (See Supplementary Requirements S13 and S14).When coated bolting components are ordered the purchaser should take special ca
30、re to ensure that Appendix X2 is thoroughlyunderstood.4 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6
31、Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.A193/A193M 1724. Common Requirements4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationA962/A962M.
32、These requirements include test methods, finish, thread dimensions, macroetch (alloy steels only), marking,certification, optional supplementary requirements, and others. Failure to comply with the requirements of SpecificationA962/A962M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of
33、 conflict between this specification and SpecificationA962/A962M, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture (Process)5.1 MeltingSee Specification A962/A962M for requirements.5.2 QualitySee Specification A962/A962M for requirements.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Ferritic Steels:6.1.1 Ferritic steels shal
34、l be allowed to cool to a temperature below the cooling transformation range immediately after rollingor forging. Bolting materials shall then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus reheatedbeing known as a quenching charge), quenched in a liquid medium und
35、er substantially uniform conditions for each quenchingcharge, and tempered. The minimum tempering temperature shall be as specified in Tables 2 and 3.TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements Inch ProductsGrade Diameter, in.MinimumTemperingTemperature,FTensileStrength,min, ksiYield Strength,min, 0.2 %offset,k
36、siElongationin 4D,min, %Reductionof Area,min, %Hardness,maxFerritic SteelsB54 to 6 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 100 80 16 50 . . .B613 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 110 85 15 50 . . .B6X13 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 90 70 16 50 26 HRCB7Chromium-molybdenum 212 and under 1100 125 105 16 50 321 HBW
37、 or35 HRCover 212 to 4 1100 115 95 16 50 321 HBW or35 HRCover 4 to 7 1100 100 75 18 50 321 HBW or35 HRCB7MA Chromium-molybdenum 4 and under 1150 100 80 18 50 235 HBW or99 HRBover 4 to 7 1150 100 75 18 50 235 HBW or99 HRBB16Chromium-molybdenum-vanadium 212 and under 1200 125 105 18 50 321 HBW or35 HR
38、Cover 212 to 4 1200 110 95 17 45 321 HBW or35 HRCover 4 to 8 1200 100 85 16 45 321 HBW or35 HRCGrade, Diameter, in. Heat TreatmentBTensileStrength,min, ksiYieldStrength,min, 0.2% offset,ksiElongationin 4 D,min %Reductionof Area,min %Hardness,maxAustenitic SteelsClasses 1 and 1D; B8, B8M, B8P,B8LN, B
39、8MLN, B8CLN, alldiameterscarbide solution treated 75 30 30 50 223 HBW or 96HRBCClasses 1 and 1D: B8ML4CuN, alldiameterscarbide solution treated 70 25 35 50 90 HRBClass 1: B8C, B8T, all diameters carbide solution treated 75 30 30 50 223 HBW or96HRBCClass 1A: B8A, B8CA, B8CLNA,B8MA, B8PA, B8TA, B8LNA,
40、B8MLNA, B8NA, B8MNA,B8MLCuNA, all diameterscarbide solution treated in the finishedcondition75 30 30 50 192 HBW or 90HRBA193/A193M 173TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)AFerritic SteelsGradeDescriptionand UNSDesignation Class Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nicke
41、l Molybdenum Cooper ColumbiumF Titanium Vanadium Aluminum NitrogenB5 5 % Chromium 0.10 min 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.06.0 . . . 0.400.65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.10 . . . 0.05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B6,B6X12 %Chromium(410),S41
42、0000.080.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 over 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B7,B7MChromium-MolybdenumC 0.380.48D 0.751.00 0.035 0.040 0.150.35 0.801.10 . . . 0.150.25 . . . . .
43、. . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.02 0.04 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.05 . . . 0.02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B16 Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium0.360.47 0.450.70 0.035 0.040 0.150.35 0.801.15 . . . 0.500.65 . . . . . . . . . 0.250.35 0.015E . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.02 0.03 0.0
44、05 0.005 0.02 0.05 . . . 0.03 . . . . . . . . . 0.03 . . . . . .Austenitic SteelsGrade Descriptionand UNSDesignationClasses Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Copper ColumbiumF Titanium Vanadium Aluminum NitrogenB8,B8A 304, S304001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030
45、1.00 18.020.0 8.011.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B8C,B8CA347,S347001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 . . . . . .10 Cto 1.10 . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysi
46、sVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . 0.05under . . . . . . . . . . . .B8M,B8MA,B8M2,B8M3316,S316001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 . . . . . .
47、 . . . . . . . . . . . .B8P,B8PA S305001, 1A, 1D,2 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 11.013.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B8N,B8NA304N,S304511A, 1B, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 1
48、8.020.0 8.011.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.16ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01B8MN,B8MNA316N,S316511A, 1B, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.013.0 2.003.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.16A193/A193M17
49、4TABLE 1 ContinuedProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01M8MLCuN,B8MLCuNA S312541A, 1B, 1D,2 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.501.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.180.25B8MLCuN,B8MLCuNA S312541A, 1B, 1D,2 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.501.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.180.25ProductAnalysisVariationB0.005 0.03 0.005 0.002 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02B8T,B8TA 321,S32100 1, 1A, 2 0.08 2.00 0.04
