1、Designation: A289/A289M 97 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings forGenerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A289/A289M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonmagnetic alloy steel retain-ing ring forgings for generator
3、s.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewit
4、h the standard.1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of FeeblyMagnetic MaterialsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Me
5、chanical Testingof Steel ProductsA531/A531M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination ofTurbine-Generator Steel Retaining RingsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content ofSteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Siz
6、eE165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination forGeneral Industry3. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-lines ordering information, manufacturing requirements, test-in
7、g methods and retesting procedures, marking, certification,product analysis variation, and additional supplementary re-quirements.3.2 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.3.3 Su
8、pplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided. They shall apply only when specified by the pur-chaser.4. Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be made by the electro-slag-remelt (ESR)process. The electrodes shall be made by either the basicelectric furnace or ladle refining processes.4.2 Suffi
9、cient discard shall be taken from each ingot tosecure freedom from piping and undue segregation.4.3 Forged rings shall be solution treated following hotworking and prior to the cold expansion procedure.4.4 Rings shall be rough machined prior to cold expansionor final heat treatment.4.5 Rings shall b
10、e expanded by an appropriate method suchas segmented dies, tapered plug, etc. in the temperature rangeof 60 to 390F 15 to 200C in order to develop the requiredtensile properties.4.6 After cold expansion, the rings shall be heated tobetween 575 and 750F 300 to 400C at a rate not to exceed75F 40C/h, h
11、eld at this temperature for 6 to 12 h, and thenslow cooled to ambient temperature.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M shallcomply with Table 1 of this specification.5.2 Product AnalysisWhen a product analysis
12、is per-formed at the request of the purchaser, the provisions of Table1 of Specification A788/A788M shall apply. The analysis shallbe made from a forging representing each heat.NOTE 1The material shown in Table 1 of A289/A289M was formerlyknown as Class C.1This specification is under the jurisdictio
13、n of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved May 15, 2013. Published May 2013. Originallyapproved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A289/A289M 97(2008
14、). DOI: 10.1520/A0289_A0289M-97R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM Internation
15、al, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Mechanical Properties6.1 The rings shall conform to the tensile properties for theordered grade listed in Table 2. The largest obtainable tensiontest specimen as specified in Test Methods and DefinitionsA370 s
16、hall be used.6.2 Unless Supplementary Requirement S2 is invoked, ten-sion tests shall be performed in the temperature range of 68 to80F 20 to 27C. The yield strength at 0.2 % offset shall notexceed the tensile strength.6.3 Rings shall conform to the Charpy V-notch requirementsof Table 2 correspondin
17、g to the ordered strength grade whentested in the temperature range specified in 6.2.7. Electrical Properties7.1 The permeability of the forgings at a magnetizing forceof 100 oersteds shall not exceed 1.5. Test bars and testing shallbe in accordance with Test Methods A342/A342M.8. Number and Locatio
18、n of Tests8.1 The number of tension tests shall be as ordered by thepurchaser, but in no case shall there be less than one tensiontest for each ring.8.2 Tangentially oriented tension test samples shall belocated at the midwall location of an integral prolongationforged at one or both ends of the rin
19、g, as shown in Fig. 1. Thespecimens shall be removed after cold working and subsequentstress relief.8.3 A minimum of one set of three tangentially orientedCharpy V-notch specimens shall be removed from the insidediameter location of the test prolongation as shown in Fig. 1.The notch shall be aligned
20、 parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe ring. The purchaser may specify the side of the specimen tobe notched and that the distance of the root of the notch fromthe inside diameter of the ring be different from that shown inFig. 1.9. Metallographic Tests9.1 The inclusion content of the material sha
21、ll be deter-mined in accordance with Method A of Test Methods E45utilizing a sample taken from the tension test location. Themaximum allowable rating for any inclusion type shall be 3.0.9.2 Grain size shall be determined according to Test Meth-ods E112 from a sample taken from the midwall tension te
22、stlocation in the test prolongation. The results shall be reportedfor information.9.3 A photomicrograph at a magnification of 100x shall betaken of the etched microstructure from the grain size sampleand submitted with the certification data required by thespecification and Specification A788/A788M.
23、10. Nondestructive Tests10.1 The ring shall be free from cracks, seams, laps,shrinkage, and other injurious defects.10.2 An ultrasonic examination of the machined ring shallbe made by the manufacturer in accordance with PracticeA531/A531M. The acceptance criteria shall be by agreementbetween manufac
24、turer and purchaser.10.3 A liquid penetrant examination of the finished ringshall be made by the manufacturer in accordance with TestMethod E165/E165M. The acceptance criteria shall be agreedto between the manufacturer and the purchaser.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, weight %Carbon 0.10 m
25、axManganese 17.520.0Phosphorus 0.060 maxSulfur 0.015 maxSilicon 0.80 maxNickel 2.00 maxChromium 17.520.0Nitrogen 0.45-0.80Titanium 0.10 maxAluminum 0.04 maxVanadium 0.25 maxTABLE 2 Room Temperature Mechanical Property RequirementsGradeTensileStrength,min, ksiMPa0.2 % OffsetYieldStrength,min, psiMPaE
26、longationin 2 in. or50 mm,min, %Reductionof Area,min, %CharpyV-NotchEnergy,min. ft/lb J1 145 1000 135 930 28 60 70 952 155 1070 145 1000 25 55 65 883 165 1140 160 1105 20 50 60 814 170 1170 165 1140 19 48 58 795 175 1205 170 1170 17 45 55 756 185 1275 180 1240 14 40 50 687 195 1345 190 1310 12 35 40
27、 548 200 1380 195 1345 10 30 35 47 FIG. 1 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter as Required byDrawingA289/A289M 97 (2013)211. Keywords11.1 alloy steel; cold worked; generator retaining rings;nonmagnetic; steel forgingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following supplementary requirements s
28、hall apply only when specified by thepurchaser in the inquiry and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Charpy V-Notch Impact TestsS1.1 Requirements for energy absorption at room tempera-ture as determined on Charpy impa
29、ct specimens shall bespecified by the purchaser.S2. Alternative Elevated Temperature Tensile Require-mentsS2.1 Tensile tests shall be performed at 200 to 220F 95 to105C and shall meet the requirements of Table S1.1.NOTE S1The Charpy V-Notch test temperature requirements are notaltered by this requir
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31、s, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional s
32、tandardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM C
33、ommittee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the abovead
34、dress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE S1.1 Alternative Elevated Temperature TensileRequirement
35、s (200-220F)GradeTensile Strength,min, ksi MPa0.2 % OffsetYield Strength,min, psi MPaElongation,2 in. 50mm min,%Reductionof area,min,%1 120 830 110 760 25 602 125 860 120 830 23 583 135 930 135 930 19 564 140 965 140 965 17 555 145 1000 145 1000 15 546 155 1070 155 1070 13 527 165 1140 165 1140 10 518 170 1170 170 1170 10 50A289/A289M 97 (2013)3
