1、Designation: A 304 05e2Standard Specification forCarbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-QuenchHardenability Requirements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTEEditorial changes made to tex
3、t and Figure 18 in July 2005.e2NOTECorrection made editorially to UNS 15260 in Table 2 in August 2005.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers hot-worked alloy, carbon, andcarbon-boron steels in a variety of compositions and sizes,which may attain specified depth of hardening in the endquench test. Th
4、ese steel compositions are identified by thesuffix letter “H” added to the conventional grade number.1.2 This specification provides for analyses other than thoselisted under Tables 1 and 2. Special hardenability limits arealso permissible when approved by the purchaser and manu-facturer.1.3 The val
5、ues stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon andAlloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA 108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedA 255 Test Method for Determinin
6、g Hardenability of SteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 hardenabilitythe relative ability of a steel to hardenunder heat treatment becomes apparent in the de
7、gree to whichthe material hardens when quenched at different cooling rates.It is measured quantitatively, usually by noting the extent ordepth of hardening of a standard size and shape test specimenin a standardized quench. In the “end-quench” test the “depthof hardening” is the distance along the s
8、pecimen from thequenched end to a given hardness.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information, in proper sequence:4.1.1 Quantity (weight),4.1.2 Name of material (alloy, carbon, or carbon-boronsteel),4.1.3 Cross-sectional shape,4.1.4
9、Size,4.1.5 Length,4.1.6 Grade,4.1.7 End-quenched hardenability (see Section 9),4.1.8 Report of heat analysis, if desired (see Section 7),4.1.9 Special straightness, if required,4.1.10 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.11 End use or special requirements, and4.1.12 Leaded steel, when required.NOT
10、E 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 10 000 lb, alloybars, round, 4.0 in. dia by 10 ft, Grade 1340H, J 40/56 =616 in., heatanalysis required, ASTM A 304, dated _, worm gear.4.2 The purchaser shall specify the desired grade, includingthe suffix letter “H,” in accordance with Table 1 or Ta
11、ble 2.4.3 Band limits are shown graphically and as tabulations inFigs. 2-87, inclusive. For specifications purposes, the tabulatedvalues of Rockwell C hardness are used. Values below 20Rockwell C hardness (20 HRC) are not specified because such1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Co
12、mmittee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 304 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit t
13、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100
14、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.values are below the normal range of the C scale. The graphsare shown for convenience in estimating the hardness valuesobtainable at various locations on the end quench test bar andfor various locations in oil or water
15、quenched rounds. Therelationship between end-quench distance and bar diameter isapproximate and should be used only as a guide.4.4 Two points from the tabulated values are commonlydesignated according to one of Methods A, B, C, D, or E,which are defined in the following paragraphs. Those variousmeth
16、ods are illustrated graphically in Fig. 1.4.4.1 Method AThe minimum and maximum hardnessvalues at any desired distance. This method is illustrated in Fig.1 as points A-A and would be specified as 43 to 54 HRC at J3.Obviously the distance selected would be that distance on theend quench test bar that
17、 corresponds to the section used by thepurchaser.4.4.2 Method BThe minimum and maximum distances atwhich any desired hardness value occurs. This method isillustrated in Fig. 1 as points B-B and would be specified as 39HRC at J4 minimum and J9 maximum. If the desired hardnessdoes not fall on an exact
18、 sixteenth position, the minimumdistance selected should be the nearest sixteenth positiontoward the quenched end and the maximum should be thenearest sixteenth position away from the quenched end.4.4.3 Method CTwo maximum hardness values at twodesired distances, illustrated in Fig. 1 as points C-C.
19、4.4.4 Method DTwo minimum hardness values at twodesired distances, illustrated in Fig. 1 as points D-D.4.4.5 Method EAny minimum hardness plus any maxi-mum hardness. When hardenability is specified according toone of the above Methods A to E, the balance of thehardenability band is not applicable.4.
20、5 In cases when it is considered desirable, the maximumand minimum limits at a distance of116 in. from the quenchedend can be specified in addition to the other two points aspreviously described in 4.4.1-4.4.5, inclusive.4.6 In cases when it is necessary to specify more than twopoints on the hardena
21、bility band (exclusive of the maximumand minimum limits at a distance of116 in.), a tolerance of twopoints Rockwell C (HRC) over any small portion of eithercurve (except at a distance of116 in.) is customary. Thistolerance is necessary because curves of individual heats varysomewhat in shape from th
22、e standard band limits and thusdeviate slightly at one or more positions in the full length of thecurves.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by one ormore of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace. The primary melting may incor-porate se
23、parate degassing or refining and may be followed bysecondary melting using electroslag remelting or vacuum arcremelting. Where secondary melting is employed, the heatshall be defined as all of the ingots remelted from a singleprimary heat.5.2 Slow CoolingImmediately after hot working, the barsshall
24、be allowed to cool when necessary to a temperature belowthe critical range under suitable conditions, to prevent injury bytoo rapid cooling.6. General Requirements6.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 29
25、/A 29M or A 108, unless otherwise providedfor in this specification.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements asto chemical composition prescribed in Tables 1 and 2 for thegrade specified by the purchaser.7.2 When a steel cannot be identified by a standard graden
26、umber in accordance with Tables 1 and 2, other compositionsmay be specified, as agreed upon between the purchaser andthe manufacturer. Generally, hardenability bands will not beavailable for such compositions.7.3 When requested by the manufacturer, and approved bythe purchaser, other steels capable
27、of meeting the purchasersspecified hardenability may be furnished in place of the gradespecified by the purchaser.8. Grain Size Requirements8.1 The steel shall conform to the fine austenitic grain sizerequirement of Specification A 29/A 29M.8.2 Hardenability values specified in this specification ar
28、ebased on fine-grain steels and are not applicable to coarse-grainmaterial. In case coarse-grain steel is desired, the hardenabilityvalues shall be negotiated between the purchaser and themanufacturer.9. End-Quench Hardenability Requirements9.1 The end-quench hardenability shall conform to therequir
29、ements specified on the purchase order.9.2 The hardenability values shall be specified in accor-dance with the applicable values in Figs. 2-87 inclusive for thegrade specified. See Fig. 1 for method of specifying harden-ability.9.3 When agreed upon between the purchaser and manufac-turer, special ha
30、rdenability limits may be ordered and shall bereflected on the purchase order.10. Test Specimens10.1 Number and LocationThe number and location oftest specimens shall be in accordance with the manufacturersstandard practice and shall adequately represent the harden-ability of each heat.10.2 Thermal
31、TreatmentAll forged or rolled hardenabilitytest specimens must be normalized prior to testing. Castspecimens need not be normalized.11. Test Methods11.1 Grain SizeTest Methods E112.11.2 End-Quench HardenabilityTest Method A 255.12. Certification and Reports of Testing12.1 When the full H-band is spe
32、cified for alloy steels, thehardenability can be reported by listing hardness values at thefollowing distances from the quenched end of the test speci-men: 1 through 16 sixteenths, then 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, and 32sixteenths of an inch.A30405e2212.2 Tables 2-18 in Test Methods A 255 are to be used toc
33、alculate hardenability from the chemical ideal diameter for thegrades shown in 10.1 of Test Methods A 255. Hardenabilityresults are to be reported for the first 10 sixteenths (16 mm),then 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, and 32 sixteenths of an inch.NOTE 2The reporting hardenability using the calculated
34、methoddiffers from the procedure shown in 6.4 of Test Methods A 255.12.3 For carbon H-steels, distances from the quenched endmay be reported by listing sixteenths or half sixteenths (ratherthan full sixteenths only as with alloy steels). Units ofsixteenths rather than thirty-seconds are followed for
35、 all steelsto avoid misunderstanding. When the full H-band is specifiedhalf sixteenths through 8 may be reported, as well as thedistances listed in 12.1.13. Keywords13.1 alloy steel bars; carbon steel bars; end quench harden-ability; steel barsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the locat
36、ion of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,A 304 - 04, that may impact the use of this specification (Approved March 1, 2005).(1) Changed Manganese on H 51300 in Table 1.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,A
37、 304 - 96, that may impact the use of this specification (Approved March 1, 2004).(1) New section 12.2 added. (2) Previous section 12.2 renumbered as 12.3.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements of Alloy H SteelsANOTE 1 Phosphorus and sulfur in open-hearth steel is 0.035 %, max, and 0.040 %, max respectively.
38、 Phosphorus and sulfur in electric-furnace steel(designated by the prefix letter “E”) is 0.025 %, max.NOTE 2Small quantities of certain elements are present in alloy steels that are not specified or required. These elements are considered as incidentaland may be present to the following maximum amou
39、nts: copper, 0.35 %; nickel, 0.25 %; chromium, 0.20 %; molybdenum, 0.06 %.NOTE 3Chemical ranges and limits shown in this table are subject to the permissible variation for product analysis shown in SpecificationA 29/A 29M.NOTE 4Standard “H” Steels can be produced with a lead range of 0.150.35 %. Suc
40、h steels are identified by inserting the letter “L” between thesecond and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 41L40H. Lead is generally reported as a range of 0.150.35 %.UNS Desig-nationAGrade Designation Chemical Composition, %Carbon Manganese Silicon Nickel Chromium MolybdenumH 1
41、3300 1330 H 0.270.33 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13350 1335 H 0.320.38 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13400 1340 H 0.370.44 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13450 1345 H 0.420.49 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 40270 4027 H 0.240.30 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40280 4028 HB0.240.30 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40320
42、 4032 H 0.290.35 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40370 4037 H 0.340.41 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40420 4042 H 0.390.46 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40470 4047 H 0.440.51 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 41180 4118 H 0.170.23 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 0.080.15H 41300 4130 H 0.270.33 0.300.
43、70 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41350 4135 H 0.320.38 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41370 4137 H 0.340.41 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41400 4140 H 0.370.44 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41420 4142 H 0.390.46 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41450 4145 H 0.420.49 0
44、.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41470 4147 H 0.440.51 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41500 4150 H 0.470.54 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41610 4161 H 0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.650.95 0.250.35H 43200 4320 H 0.170.23 0.400.70 0.150.35 1.552.00 0.350.65 0.200.30H 43400 4340
45、H 0.370.44 0.550.90 0.150.35 1.552.00 0.650.95 0.200.30H 43406 E4340 H 0.370.44 0.600.95 0.150.35 1.552.00 0.650.95 0.200.30H 44190 4419 H 0.170.23 0.350.75 0.150.35 . . 0.450.60H 46200 4620 H 0.170.23 0.350.75 0.150.35 1.552.00 . 0.200.30H 46210 4621 H 0.170.23 0.601.00 0.150.35 1.552.00 . 0.200.30
46、A30405e23TABLE 1 ContinuedUNS Desig-nationAGrade Designation Chemical Composition, %Carbon Manganese Silicon Nickel Chromium MolybdenumH 46260 4626 0.230.29 0.400.70 0.150.35 0.651.05 . 0.150.25H 47180 4718 H 0.150.21 0.600.95 0.150.35 0.851.25 0.300.60 0.300.40H 47200 4720 H 0.170.23 0.450.75 0.150
47、.35 0.851.25 0.300.60 0.150.25H 48150 4815 H 0.120.18 0.300.70 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30H 48170 4817 H 0.140.20 0.300.70 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30H 48200 4820 H 0.170.23 0.400.80 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30H 50401 50B40 HC0.370.44 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 50441 50B44 HC0.420.49 0.651.1
48、0 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 50460 5046 H 0.430.50 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.130.43 .H 50461 50B46 HC0.430.50 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.130.43 .H 50501 50B50 HC0.470.54 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 50601 50B60 HC0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 51200 5120 H 0.170.23 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51
49、300 5130 H 0.270.33 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 .H 51320 5132 H 0.290.35 0.500.90 0.150.35 . 0.651.10 .H 51350 5135 H 0.320.38 0.500.90 0.150.35 . 0.701.15 .H 51400 5140 H 0.370.44 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51450 5145 H 0.420.49 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51470 5147 H 0.450.52 0.601.05 0.150.35 . 0.801.25 .H 51500 5150 H 0.470.54 0.601.0
