1、Designation: A319 71 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forGray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray ironsuitable for castings exposed to tem
3、peratures encountered insuch service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil stillfurnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, causticpots, and metal melting pots.NOTE 1This specification is general, covering cast irons normallyused for the above types of service, at temperatures a
4、s high as 1400F(760C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitablethroughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual servicestresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only,unless low stresses are involved.1.2 The three classes of gray ir
5、on covered by this specifi-cation are as follows:1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermalshock,1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermalshock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengthsabove 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and1.2.3 Class III, posse
6、ssing a higher tensile strength thaneither Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi(276 MPa) may be expected).1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informa
7、tion onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings3. Manufacture3.1 The melting procedure shall be optional with thefoundry.4. Physical Requirements4.1 Some of the gray cast irons described in this specifica-tion are deli
8、berately made of a soft, low-strength iron forresistance to thermal shock, and strength requirements areunnecessary. For applications in which a strength requirementis essential, room temperature tensile strengths may be speci-fied up to those prescribed for Class 40 in SpecificationA48/A48M.5. Mach
9、inability5.1 All machinable castings shall be limited in hardness atsuch locations on the castings as designated by the purchaser.The maximum hardness at the locations on castings that are tobe machined shall be a matter of agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6
10、.1 It is the intention of this specification to classify theseirons in accordance with their carbon content equivalentcalculated as follows:Carbon content equivalent 5 C 1 0.3 Si 1 P! (1)where:C = carbon content, %,Si = silicon content, %, andP = phosphorus content, %,6.2 The carbon content equivale
11、nt and the minimum carboncontent for the various classes shall be as prescribed in Table 1.Table 2 prescribes the allowable silicon ranges predicated onthe basis of various permissible carbon contents. It is recom-mended that embrittling impurities be held to the followingmaximum limits:Phosphorus,
12、max, %Sulfur, max, %0.600.156.3 The three basic classes may be alloyed with chromium.When chromium is present as an alloying element, each classshall be subdivided into types designated as follows:Type Chromium, %A 0.200.40B 0.410.65C 0.660.95D 0.961.201This specification is under the jurisdiction o
13、f ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA04.01 on Grey and WhiteIron Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A31971 (2006). DOI:10.1520/A0319-71R11.2F
14、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
15、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 All irons may be alloyed to increase the strength and toimprove and stabilize the structure for elevated-temperatureservice. The alloying elements, which, in addition to chro-mium, are commonly added to improve these properties, arecopper, moly
16、bdenum, nickel, and vanadium. Any combinationof these alloying elements that assists in resisting oxidation orsurface deterioration or in stabilizing the structure or retainingstrength at elevated temperatures, may be used.NOTE 2The provisions of this specification permit the purchaser toselect a gr
17、ade of cast iron suitable for his service and to define the productas, for example:Castings Class II, Type B, plus |Cz|Cz alloys. All surfaces marked “f”(for finish) with HBN 250, max.7. Product Analysis7.1 When alloying elements are agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser, the purchas
18、er may make checkanalyses from any casting, test bar, or lot of castings deliveredunder this specification. Results of such analyses shall be inaccordance with the limits agreed upon.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The castings shall conform substantially to the dimen-sions on drawings fur
19、nished by the purchaser or to thedimensions predicated by the pattern supplied by the purchaser,if no drawing has been provided. The castings shall be freefrom injurious defects. Surfaces of the castings shall be freefrom burnt-on sand and shall be reasonably smooth. Runners,risers, fins, and other
20、cast-on pieces shall be removed. In otherrespects the castings shall conform to whatever points may bespecially agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.9. Inspection9.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have freeentry, at all times while work on the contract of the purchas
21、eris being performed, to all parts of the manufacturers worksthat concern the manufacture of the material ordered. Themanufacturer shall afford the inspector, without charge, allreasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is beingfurnished in accordance with this specification. All tests
22、andinspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior toshipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be so conductedas not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of theworks.10. Rejection10.1 Failure to meet the requirements of Section 7 or ofphysical tests, when required, shall be
23、 sufficient cause forrejection as defective castings.11. Certification11.1 Upon request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallfurnish a statement that the inspection and all of the tests havebeen made as specified; this statement shall contain the resultsof all specified tests.12. Keywords12.1 che
24、mical composition; elevated temperature; grayiron; iron castings; non-pressure containing; tensile strengthASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised th
25、at determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reappr
26、oved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you f
27、eel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual re
28、prints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the
29、ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsClass Carbon Content Equivalent Carbon, min, %I 3.814.40 3.50II 3.514.10 3.20III 3.203.80 2.80TABLE 2 Variations in Carbon and Silicon ContentsClass Carbon, % Silicon, %I 3.50 0.902.703.70 0.902.103.90 0.901.50II 3.20 0.902.703.40 0.902.103.50 1.80 maxIII 2.80 1.202.703.00 0.602.403.20 0.601.80A319 71 (2011)2
