1、Designation: A350/A350M 12A350/A350M 13Standard Specification forCarbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring NotchToughness Testing for Piping Components1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A350/A350M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense
3、.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of carbon and low-alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings andvalves intended primarily for low-temperature service and requiring notch toughness testing. They are made to specifieddimensions, or to dimensional standards, such
4、 as the ASME and API Specifications referenced in Section 2. Although thisspecification covers some piping components machined from rolled bar and seamless tubular materials (see 5.3.3), it does not coverraw material produced in these product forms.1.2 No limitation on size is intended beyond the ab
5、ility of the manufacturer to obtain the specified requirements. However, Class3 of Grade LF787 is only available in the quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition.1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply onlywhen s
6、pecified by the purchaser in the order.1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.5 The values stated in either SI unit
7、s or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact quivalents;equivalents; therefore, each system shall beused independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may res
8、ult in non-conformance with the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for PipingApplications2.2 ASME Standards:B 16.5
9、Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings4B 16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fittings4B 16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Ferrous Valves4B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded4B 16.30 Unfired Pressure Vessel Flange Dimensions4B 16.34 Valves-Flanged, Thread
10、ed, and Welding End4B 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges42.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications21 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22o
11、n Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved March 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2013. Published April 2012October 2013. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asA350/A350M11
12、.12. DOI: 10.1520/A0350_A0350M-12.10.1520/A0350_A0350M-13.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-350 in Section II of that Code.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For A
13、nnual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.This document is not an AST
14、M standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In al
15、l cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.4 AWS St
16、andards:A 5.1 Mild Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes52.5 API Standards:6600 Steel Gate Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves for Refinery Use605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges3. Ordering Inform
17、ation3.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in the purchase order information necessary to purchase the needed material.In addition to the ordering information guidelines in Specification A961/A961M, orders should include the following information:3.1.1 The number of test reports require
18、d (see Section 14).3.1.2 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comp
19、ly with the general requirements ofSpecification A961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of thisspecification and Specification A961/A961M, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting ProcessThe steel shall be produce
20、d by any of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic oxygen,electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining, andmay be followed by secondary melting using electroslag remelting (ESR), or vacuum-arc remelting (VAR).5.1
21、.1 The steel shall be fully killed, fine-grain practice.5.1.2 The molten steel may be vacuum treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot.5.2 DiscardA sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation.5.3 Forging Process:5.3.1 Material for forgings sha
22、ll consist of ingots, or forged, rolled, or strandcast blooms, billets, slabs, or bars.5.3.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in the Terminology section of Specification A788/A788M.5.3.3 Except for flanges of all types, hollow, cylindrically-shaped parts may be machined from rolled
23、 bar or seamless tubularmaterials provided that the axial length of the part is approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Other parts,excluding flanges of all types, may be machined from hot-rolled or forged bar up through and including NPS4. Elbows, returnbends, tees, and header
24、tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock.5.4 Heat Treatment:5 Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.6 Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070, http:/api-ec.api.org.TABLE 1
25、Chemical RequirementsElement Composition, wt. %Grade LF1 Grade LF2 Grade LF3 Grade LF5 Grade LF6 Grade LF9 Grade LF787Carbon, max 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.07Manganese 0.601.35 0.601.35 0.90 max 0.601.35 1.151.50 0.401.06 0.400.70Phosphorus,max0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.025 0.035 0.025Sulfur, m
26、ax 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.040 0.025SiliconA 0.150.30 0.150.30 0.200.35 0.200.35 0.150.30 . 0.40 maxNickel 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 3.33.7 1.02.0 0.40 maxB 1.602.24 0.701.00Chromium 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.600.90Molybdenum 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 m
27、axC 0.12 maxC 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxC 0.150.25Copper 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxB 0.751.25 1.001.30Columbium 0.02 maxD 0.02 maxD 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 minVanadium 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.040.11 0.03 max 0.03 maxNitrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.010.
28、030 . . . . . .A When vacuum carbon-deoxidation is required by Supplementary Requirement S4, the silicon content shall be 0.12 % maximum.B The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.C The sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32
29、% on heat analysis.D By agreement, the limit for columbium may be increased up to 0.05 % on heat analysis and 0.06 % on product analysis.A350/A350M 1325.4.1 After hot working and before reheating for heat treatment, the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially below thetransformation range.5.4
30、.2 Forgings of grades other than Grade LF787 shall be furnished in the normalized, or in the normalized and tempered, orin the quenched and tempered condition described by the following procedures:5.4.2.1 NormalizeHeat to a temperature that produces an austenitic structure, holding sufficient time t
31、o attain uniformtemperature throughout. Cool uniformly in still air.5.4.2.2 Normalize and TemperSubsequent to normalize, reheat to 1100 F 590 C minimum, holding at temperature aminimum of 30 min/in. 30 min/25 mm of maximum thickness, but in no case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.5.4.2.3 Quench
32、and TemperThe procedure for quenching shall consist of either (1) fully austenitizing the forgings followedby quenching in a suitable liquid medium or (2) using a multiple stage procedure whereby the forging is first fully austenitizedand rapidly cooled, then reheated to partially reaustenitize, fol
33、lowed by quenching in a suitable liquid medium. All quenchedforgings shall be tempered by reheating to a temperature between 1100 F 590 C and the lower transformation temperature,holding at temperature a minimum of 30 min/in. 30 min/25 mm of maximum thickness but in no case less than 30 min. Coolin
34、still air.5.4.3 Grade LF787 forgings shall be furnished in either the normalized-and-precipitation heat treated condition or in thequenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. The heat treatment procedures shall be as follows:5.4.3.1 Normalized-and-Precipitation Heat TreatedHeat to a temperatu
35、re in the range from 1600 to 1725 F 870 to 940 C,hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for not less than 12h, and remove from the furnace and cool in air. Subsequently, heat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1200 F 54
36、0 to650 C, soak at the temperature for not less than 12 h, and cool at any convenient rate.5.4.3.2 Quenched-and-Precipitation Heat TreatedHeat to a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 F 870 to 940 C,hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain uniform temperature throughout, soak a
37、t the temperature for not less than 12h and quench in a suitable liquid medium by immersion; reheat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1225 F 540 to 665C, hold at the temperature for not less than 12 h, and cool at any convenient rate.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat Analysis:6.1.1 A chemical
38、 heat analysis in accordance with Specification A961/A961M shall be made and conform to the requirementsas to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Leaded steels shall not be permitted.6.2 Product Analysis:6.2.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on products supplied to this specificati
39、on in accordance with SpecificationA961/A961M.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension Tests:7.1.1 RequirementsThe material shall conform to requirements for tensile properties in Table 2.7.1.1.1 The test specimen shall be obtained from a rough or finished forging, or prolongation thereof. For forgings u
40、nder 10 000lbs, at time of heat treatment, it may be obtained from separately forged test blanks from the same heat of steel as the productionforgings. The test blank shall be reduced by forging in a manner similar to that for the products represented, and shall receiveapproximately the same hot wor
41、king and reduction and the same heat treatment as the finished products represented. The testmaterial shall be treated in the same furnace at the same time as the forging it represents, subject to the requirements of 7.1.2.1.7.1.1.2 The test specimen shall represent all forgings from the same heat a
42、nd heat-treatment load whose maximum thicknessesdo not exceed the thickness of the test forging or blank by more than 14 in. 6 mm.7.1.2 Number of TestsOne tension test at room temperature shall be made in accordance with 7.1.1.2 from each heat in eachheat-treatment load.7.1.2.1 If heat treatment is
43、performed in either a continuous or a batch-type furnace controlled within 625 F 614 C of therequired heat-treatment temperature and equipped with recording pyrometers so that complete records of heat treatment areavailable and if the same heat-treating cycles are used on the forgings represented by
44、 the tension test, then one tension test fromeach heat shall be required, instead of one tension test from each heat in each heat treatment load in accordance with 7.1.1.2.7.1.3 Test Locations and OrientationsThe test specimen shall be removed from the heaviest section of the forging or testblank, a
45、t locations described in 7.1.3.1, 7.1.3.2, 7.1.3.5 or as close to these locations as practical, subject to forging size andgeometry.7.1.3.1 For forgings or test blanks having a maximum heat-treated thickness, T, of 2 in. 50 mm or less, the longitudinal axisof the test specimen shall be taken at mid-
46、thickness and its mid-length shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm from all other heat treatedsurfaces, exclusive of the T dimension surfaces. (This is normally referred to as 12 T by 2 in. 50 mm). See Fig. 1 for test specimenlocation in separately forged test blanks.7.1.3.2 For forgings or test blanks havi
47、ng a maximum heat-treated thickness, T, greater than 2 in. 50 mm:A350/A350M 133(1) Except as stated in 7.1.3.2 (2) and 7.1.3.2 (3), the central axis of the test specimen shall be taken at least 14 T from thenearest heat-treated surface and its mid-length shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm from all other
48、heat treated surfaces, exclusive of theT dimension surfaces. See Fig. 2 for test specimen location in separately forged test blanks.(2) For quenched-and-tempered or for quenched-and-precipitation-heat-treated forgings, the central axis of the test specimenshall be taken at least 14 T from the neares
49、t heat-treated surface, and the mid-length of the test specimen shall be at least T fromall other heat treated surfaces, exclusive of the T dimension surfaces. See Fig. 3 for test specimen location in separately forgedtest blanks.TABLE 2 Tensile Properties at Room TemperatureAGradesLF1 and LF5Class 1LF2Classes1 and 2LF3Classes 1and 2LF5Class 2LF6 LF9 LF787Class 1 Classes 2and 3Class 2 Class 3Tensile strength, ksi MPa 608541558570954856557095485655669145563075100515690638
