1、Designation: A 694/A 694M 08Standard Specification forCarbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pipe Flanges, Fittings,Valves, and Parts for High-Pressure Transmission Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 694/A 694M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y
2、earof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers forged or rolled steel pip
3、eflanges, forged fittings, valves, and parts suitable for use withhigh-strength transmission-service pipe. Included are flanges,fittings, and similar parts ordered either to dimensions specifiedby the purchaser or to ASME or MSS dimensional standardsreferenced in Section 2.1.2 Several grades of mate
4、rial, based on minimum yieldstrength requirements, are covered, as indicated in Table 1.1.3 Supplementary Requirements are provided. Supplemen-tary Requirement S 1 is provided for use when purchaserapproval is required for repair welding.1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsan
5、d in SI units. However, unless the order specifies theapplicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are show
6、n in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSp
7、ecification A 961/A 961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2 ASTM Standards:2A 53/A 53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA 106/A 106M Specification for Seamless Carbon SteelPipe for High-Temperature ServiceA 381 Specific
8、ation for Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe forUse With High-Pressure Transmission SystemsA 707/A 707M Specification for Forged Carbon and AlloySteel Flanges for Low-Temperature ServiceA 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirementsA 961/A 961M Specification for Common Requirementsfor S
9、teel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts forPiping Applications2.3 ASME Standards:ASME B 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings3ASME B 16.9 Steel Butt-Welding Fittings3ASME B 16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensionsof Ferrous Valves3ASME B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weldin
10、g andThreaded3ASME B 16.28 Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Short RadiusElbows3ASME B 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges32.4 MSS Standards:4MSS SP-44 Standard for Steel Pipe Line FlangesMSS SP-75 Specification for High-Test Welding FittingsMSS SP-95 Swage (d) Nipples and Bull PlugsMSS SP-97 Integrally Rei
11、nforced Forged Branch OutletFittings1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping an
12、d Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 694/A 694M 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
13、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.4Available from Manufa
14、cturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsGrade Yield Strength (0.2 %Offset), min, ksi MPaTensile Strength,min, ksi MPaElongation in 2in.or50mm,min %F42 42 290 60 415 20F46 46 315 60 41
15、5 20F48 48 330 62 425 20F50 50 345 64 440 20F52 52 360 66 455 20F56 56 385 68 470 20F60 60 415 75 515 20F65 65 450 77 530 20F70 70 485 82 565 181*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
16、9428-2959, United States.2.5 API Standard:5L Specification for Line Pipe53. Ordering Information3.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in thepurchase order all ordering information necessary to purchasethe needed material. In addition to the ordering guidelines inSpecificationA 961/A 961
17、M, orders should include the follow-ing information:3.1.1 Additional requirements (see 8.1 and 10.1).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 961/A 961M, includingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepur
18、chase order. Failure to comply with the general require-ments of Specification A 961/A 961M constitutes nonconfor-mance with this specification. In case of conflict between therequirements of this specification and Specification A 961/A 961M, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Meltin
19、g Process:5.1.1 The steel shall be made by any of the followingprocesses: open hearth, electric furnace, or basic oxygen. Thesteel shall be fully deoxidized.5.1.2 The steel shall be carbon steel, high-strength low-alloysteel, or alloy steel, as agreed upon between the manufacturerand purchaser. Anal
20、ysis of the steel used, including all alloyingelements, shall be reported by the manufacturer to the pur-chaser. The steel shall be suitable for field welding (asestablished by the purchaser) to other fittings, valve materialsand flanges, and to pipe manufactured under the followingASTM specificatio
21、ns: Specification A 53, Specification A 106/A 106M, Specification A 381, and API Standard 5L pipe,aswell as to fittings manufactured under MSS SP-75.5.2 Manufacturing Practice:5.2.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots or blooms,billets, slabs, or bars of forged or rolled form and cut to th
22、erequired length by a suitable process.5.2.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined inthe Terminology section of Specification A 788/A 788M.5.2.3 Hot working shall be sufficient to develop a wroughtstructure throughout the part.5.2.4 Flanges shall not be machined directly from plate norf
23、rom solid bar stock.5.3 Heat Treatment:5.3.1 All items shall be heat treated. Heat treatment ofcarbon steel and high-strength low-alloy steel may consist ofnormalizing, normalizing-and-tempering, or quenching-and-tempering. Heat treatment of alloy steel may consist ofnormalizing and precipitation he
24、at treatment or quenching andprecipitation heat treatment.5.3.2 The tempering temperature shall be at least 1000 F540 C. The precipitation heat treatment of the alloy steelshall be in the range from 1000 to 1225 F 540 to 665 C.6. Chemical Composition6.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Sp
25、ecifica-tion A 961/A 961M shall be made and conform to the require-ments as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.6.2 High-strength low-alloy steels shall be of specified alloyelement composition, with the elements covered in 6.1 re-stricted within the limits prescribed therein as may be nec
26、es-sary to ensure weldability and specified minimum tensileproperties. When high-strength low-alloy steel is furnished,appropriate procedures are required for field welding.6.3 Alloy steel shall conform to the requirements for GradeL 5 of Specification A 707/A 707M .7. Tensile Requirements7.1 The ma
27、terial shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties prescribed in Table 1, when tested in accor-dance with the mechanical testing requirements of Specifica-tion A 961/A 961M.7.2 The tension test specimen shall be obtained from aproduction forging, or from an integral prolongation repres
28、en-tative of the hub location of a flange, or the heaviest crosssection of a fitting, valve, or other part within the scope of thisspecification. Alternatively, the test specimen may be takenfrom a separately forged test block which has been taken fromthe same heat of steel as the production forging
29、s, and which hasbeen reduced by forging in a manner similar to that for theforgings it represents.7.2.1 The test specimen shall represent all forgings from thesame heat and heat treatment load whose maximum thick-nesses do not exceed the thickness of the test forging or blankby more than14 in. 6 mm.
30、7.3 The axis of the tension test sample shall be located in thetest forging, or prolongation so as to represent mid-wall of theflange hub, or mid-wall of the thickest cross section of thevalve, fitting, or other part.7.4 The axis of the tension test specimen shall be orientedparallel to the directio
31、n of maximum forging work for fittings,valves, and other parts, except for flanges when the specimenshall be oriented in the tangential direction.7.5 One tension test shall be taken from each heat in eachheat treatment load, and shall be representative of the largestflange hub, or valve or fitting w
32、all thickness in the load.7.6 When heat treatment is done either continuous or batchtype furnaces in which the working zones are controlled towithin 6 25 F 6 14 C of the required heat treatmenttemperature, and when the furnace is equipped with function-ing recording pyrometers such that complete hea
33、t treatmentrecords are available, then one tension test from each heat shallbe required instead of from each heat in each heat treatment5Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-ington, DC 20005-4070, http:/www.api.org.TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Heat A
34、nalysis Product AnalysisCarbon, max 0.26 0.265Manganese, max 1.60 1.64Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.030Sulfur, max 0.025 0.030Silicon 0.150.35 0.100.40A 694/A 694M 082load. However, this provision is limited to forgings with heattreated weights not exceeding 10 000 lbs 4540 kg, and thetest forging must ac
35、company a production charge.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The forgings shall be free of injurious defects as definedin Specification A 961/A 961M.8.2 Repair by Welding of Injurious DefectsRepair ofinjurious defects shall be permitted at the discretion of themanufacturer in accordance wit
36、h Specification A 961/A 961M.8.2.1 Deposited weld metal shall be capable of meeting allmechanical properties upon heat treatment.8.2.2 All forgings to be repaired by welding shall be repairwelded prior to heat treatment.9. Retests9.1 If any of the results of the tension tests of any lot do notconfor
37、m to the requirements specified, the manufacturer mayreheat treat such lots, but not more than twice, except with theapproval of the purchaser, on the basis of satisfactory metal-lurgical evidence that the cause of failure is curable and thequality of the material is satisfactory.10. Rejection and R
38、ehearing10.1 The purchaser shall comply with the requirements ofSpecification A 961/A 961M.11. Certification11.1 Certification shall comply with Specification A 961/A 961M. However, if high-strength low-alloy steel is used, theanalysis and the heat number or manufacturers heat identifi-cation shall
39、be reported to the purchaser.12. Product Marking12.1 Product marking shall comply with Specification A961/A 961M.12.2 Forgings repaired by welding shall be marked with theletter “W” following the ASTM designation.12.3 Bar CodingIn addition to the requirements in 12.1and 12.2, bar coding is acceptabl
40、e as a supplemental identifi-cation method. The purchaser may specify in the order aspecific bar coding system to be used. The bar coding system,if applied at the discretion of the supplier, should be consistentwith one of the published industry standards for bar coding. Ifused on small parts, the b
41、ar code may be applied to the box ora substantially applied tag.13. Keywords13.1 high strength low alloy steel; pipe fittings, steel; pipingapplications; pressure containing parts; steel flanges; steelforgings, alloy; steel forgings, carbon; steel valvesSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supple
42、mentary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in theinquiry, contract, and order:S1. Special FlangesS1.1 Flanges shall meet the requirements of MSS SP-44,except the chemical requirements shall conform to Table 2.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of s
43、elected changes to this specification since the last issue,A 694/A 694M 03, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2008)(1) Increased the manganese level in Table 2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection w
44、ith any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible tec
45、hnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful considera
46、tion at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr H
47、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 694/A 694M 083
