1、Designation: A 707/A 707M 02 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forForged Carbon and Alloy Steel Flanges for Low-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 707/A 707M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers forged carbon and alloy steelflanges intended primarily for
3、 petroleum and gas pipelines inareas subject to low ambient temperatures. Included are flangesto specified dimensions or to dimensional standards such asthose MSS, ASME, and API specifications that are referencedin Section 2.1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use whenadditional requirem
4、ents are desired. These shall apply onlywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Eight grades, four yield-strength classes, and threedifferent notch toughness levels are included.1.4 The availability of a particular size of flange of aspecific grade and class is limited only by
5、the capability of thecomposition to meet the specified mechanical property require-ments. However, current practice normally limits the follow-ing:(a) Grade L1 to Classes 1 and 2,(b) Grade L2 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(c) Grade L3 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(d) Grade L4 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(e) Grade L7
6、to Classes 1 and 2, and(f) Grades L5, L6, and L8 are generally available in anyclass.1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units. However, unless the order specifies theapplicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-rial shall be furnished to inch-pound
7、 units.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values
8、 from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A 961/A 961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2 ASTM Standards:2A 388/A 388M Practice for Ultrasonic Exami
9、nation ofHeavy Steel ForgingsA 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirementsA 961/A 961M Specification for Common Requirementsfor Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts forPiping Applications2.3 MSS Standards:SP 44 Steel Pipeline Flanges32.4 API Standard:605 Large Diame
10、ter Carbon Steel Flanges42.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section VIII Division I, Part UG-845Section IX Welding Qualifications52.6 ASME Standard:B 16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings52.7 AWS Standards:A 5.1 Mild Steel Covered Electrodes6A 5.5 Low-Alloy Stee
11、l Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes63. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bol
12、tingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 707/A 707M 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer
13、Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.4Ava
14、ilable from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-ington, DC 20005-4070, http:/api-ec.api.org.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from American Wel
15、ding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 flakesshort discontinuous internal fissures attributedto stresses produced by localized transformation an
16、d decreasedsolubility of hydrogen during cooling after hot working.3.1.2 linear surface imperfection (or indication)an imper-fection or indication with a length at least three times its width.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in thepurchase order all ordering
17、information necessary to purchasethe needed material. In addition to the ordering informationguide lines in Specification A 961/A 961M, orders shouldinclude the following information:4.1.1 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes, 9.2.2,9.3, 11.5, 17.1, 21.1, and 21.2).5. General Requirements5
18、.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 961/A 961M, includingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepurchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-ments of Specification A 961/A 961M constitutes nonconfor-mance with
19、this specification. In case of conflict between therequirements of this specification and Specification A 961/A 961M, this specification shall prevail.6. Manufacture6.1 The steel shall meet the melting practice of SpecificationA 961/A 961M.6.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined by 3(
20、only) of Specification A 788/A 788M.7. Heat Treatment7.1 After forging and before reheating for heat treatment,the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially below thetransformation range. The method of cooling shall be such asto ensure against the development of cracks, flakes, etc.7.2 All mate
21、rial shall be heat treated by annealing, normal-izing, precipitation hardening, quenching-and-tempering,normalizing-and-tempering, normalizing-and-precipitationhardening, or quenching-and-precipitation hardening.7.2.1 The procedures for the various heat treatments are asgiven in Specification A 961/
22、A 961M except as defined in thefollowing:7.2.1.1 Precipitation HardeningConsists of heating to atemperature between 1000 and 1250F 538 and 677C,holding at temperature for not less than12 h, and then coolingat any convenient rate.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementGradeL1AL2AL3 L4 L5 L6 L7BL8Carbon,
23、 max, %Heat analysis 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.20 0.20Product analysis 0.23 0.33 0.25 0.20 0.09 0.09 0.22 0.22Manganese, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.60-1.500.55-1.600.60-1.350.55-1.451.151.501.051.600.450.650.400.700.400.700.350.751.852.201.752.300.90 max1.00 max0.200.400.150.45Phosphorus,
24、 max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.0300.0350.0300.0350.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0200.025Sulfur, max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.0300.0400.0300.0400.0250.0350.0250.0350.0250.0350.0250.0350.0250.0350.0200.025Silicon, max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.350.370.350.370
25、.300.320.350.370.350.370.150.170.350.370.350.37Chromium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.600.900.560.940.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max1.502.001.442.06Nickel, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 ma
26、x1.652.001.602.050.701.000.671.030.40 max0.43 max3.23.73.183.822.83.92.683.97Molybdenum, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.12 max0.13 max0.12 max0.13 max0.12 max0.13 max0.200.300.190.330.150.250.140.280.250.350.220.380.12 max0.13 max0.400.600.350.65Vanadium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.05 max0.06
27、max0.05 max0.06 max0.040.110.030.130.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 maxNitrogen, %Heat analysisProduct analysis.0.0100.0300.0050.035.Copper, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.20 minC0.18 minC0.40 max0.43 max1.001.300.951.350.4
28、0 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 maxColumbium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.03 min0.02 min0.060.100.050.110.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 maxAThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat a
29、nalysis.BThe sum of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.CWhen specified.A 707/A 707M 02 (2007)28. Chemical Composition8.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specifica-tion A 961/A 961M shall be made and conform to the require-ments as to chemical compo
30、sition prescribed in Table 1.Leaded steels shall not be permitted.9. Mechanical Requirements9.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to themechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 2.9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with Table2, mechanical testing requirements shall c
31、onfrom to Specifica-tion A 961/A 961M.9.2.1 For flanges smaller than 24 in. 610 mm in size, theforged test blanks shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm wide by 2 in.50 mm thick by 12 in. 300 mm in length. The testspecimens shall be taken with their longitudinal axes parallel tothe length of the test blank.9
32、.2.2 For flanges 24 in. 610 mm and larger in size, the testblank dimensions and orientation of test specimens withrespect to the test blank shall be subject to agreement.9.3 Specimens shall be obtained from the midwall of thethinnest section of the hub of the flange or34 in. 19 mm fromthe surface of
33、 the test blank. The orientation of specimenstaken from a flange shall be subject to agreement.10. Hardness Requirements10.1 A sufficient number of hardness measurements shall bemade to ensure that the hardness values are within the rangesprescribed in Table 2. The number of flanges to be tested sha
34、llbe as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.The purchaser may verify that the requirement has been met bytesting at any location on the flange, provided such testing doesnot render the flange useless.11. Impact Requirements11.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to thereq
35、uirements as to impact properties prescribed in Table 2 ifthe weld neck section is14 in. 6 mm or greater in thickness.11.2 For the purpose of determining conformance withTable 2, specimens shall be obtained from production flangesafter heat treatment or from separately forged test blanksprepared fro
36、m the stock used to make the forgings. Such testblanks shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationA 961/A 961M.11.3 Specimens shall be obtained from a location on theflange or test blank that represents the midwall of the weldneck if the thickness of the weld neck is 2 in. 50 mm or less.If th
37、e thickness is greater than 2 in. 50 mm, the specimenlocation shall be midway between a surface and the center ofthickness. Specimens taken from a flange shall be orientedlongitudinally with respect to the bore of the flange.11.4 One test (three specimens) shall be made from eachheat in each heat tr
38、eatment charge.11.5 Unless otherwise specified, the test temperature shallbe as specified in Table 3.12. Product Analysis12.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on flangessupplied to this specification in accordance with SpecificaitonA 961/A 961M.13. Ultrasonic Examination13.1 Each flange wel
39、d neck 24 in. 610 mm and larger indiameter shall be ultrasonically examined over 100 % of thearea within 2 in. 50 mm of the welding end.13.2 Longitudinal wave examination using a 214 MHztransducer 1 to 118 in. 25 to 29 mm in diameter or 1 in. square25 mm square shall be used. Examination shall be in
40、accordance with the general requirements of Practice A 388/A 388M.13.3 Any area giving an indication equal to or larger thanthe signal received from a14-in. 6-mm flat-botton hole shallbe cause for rejection. Multiple indications with an amplitudeexceeding 50 % of the indication from the calibration
41、hole,accompanied by a loss of back reflection exceeding 50 %, shallalso be cause for rejection. Any indication that results in acomplete loss of back reflection shall be cause for rejection.14. Tension Tests14.1 Tensile requirements shall comply with SpecificationA 961/A 961M where one tension test
42、shall be made from eachheat in each heat treating charge.TABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsProperty Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4Yield strengthAmin, ksi MPa 42290523606041575515Tensile strength, min, ksi MPa 60415664557551590620Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,min, %22 22 20 20Reduction of area, min, % 4
43、0 40 40 40Hardness, HBN 149207 149217 156235 179265Cv energy absorption,B,Cmin, avg,ftlbf J30 41 40 54 50 68 50 68Cvenergy absorption,B,Dmin,ftlbf J24 33 32 43 40 54 40 54A0.2 % offset.BFor a set of three full-size 10 by 10 mm Charpy V-notch specimens.Acceptance values for sub-size specimens are red
44、uced in proportion to thereduction in width of the specimen.CThese requirements are intended to minimize fracture initiation. They are notintended to give assurance against fracture propagation. If minimization of fracturepropagation is of interest, consideration should be given to specifying Supple
45、men-tary Requirement S7 at the operating temperature.DMinimum impact energy permitted for one specimen only of a set of threespecimens.TABLE 3 Impact Test TemperaturesAGradeTest Temperature (Unless OtherwiseSpecified), F CL1 20 29L2 50 46L3 50 46L4 80 62L5 80 62L6 80 62L7 100 73L8 100 73AThese tempe
46、ratures are the lowest test temperatures that are commonlyacceptable by the producer. If the minimum design temperature is higher,specifying the higher temperature as the test temperature will generally result inincreased availability of a specific grade in greater thicknesses.A 707/A 707M 02 (2007)
47、314.1.1 When the heat treating temperatures are the same andthe furnaces (either batch or continuous type) are controlledwithin 625F 614C and equipped with recording pyrom-eters so that complete records of heat treatment are available,then one tension test from each heat is required instead of onete
48、st from each heat in each heat treatment charge. The testspecimen material shall be included with a furnace charge.15. Hydrostatic Tests15.1 Forgings manufactured under this specification shall becapable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the ratingof the finished flange. Such tests shall
49、 be conducted by themanufacturer only when Supplementary Requirement S8 ofSpecification A 961/A 961M is specified.16. Retreatment16.1 If the results of the mechanical property or impact testsdo not conform to the requirement specified, the manufacturermay reheat treat the flanges as applicable and repeat the testsspecified.17. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance17.1 In addition to the requiremen
