1、Designation: A 872/A 872M 07aStandard Specification forCentrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe forCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 872/A 872M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers centrifugally cast ferritic/austenitic steel pipe inten
3、ded for general corrosive service.These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used forprolonged periods at elevated temperatures.1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are providedwhen additional testing may be required.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be rega
4、rded separately as standard. Within the text, SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be usedindependently of each other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the specification.2. Referenc
5、ed Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 488/A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-fications of Procedures and PersonnelA 781/A 781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,Common Requirements, for General Industrial
6、 UseA 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant ExaminationE 186 Reference Radiograp
7、hs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in. 51 to 114-mm) Steel CastingsE 280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to12-in. 114 to 305-mm) Steel CastingsE 340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.51 mm in Thickness2.2 ASME Boiler and Pr
8、essure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications32.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Adjunct E 186 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRingbinders, 3 Volumes4Adjunct E 280 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRingbinders, 2 Volumes5Adjunct E 446 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRingbinders, 3 Volumes63. O
9、rdering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing, as required, to describe the desired material ad-equately.3.1.1 Quantity (feet metres or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast ferritic/austeniticsteel pipe),3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1
10、.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wallthickness in inches millimetres),3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A 999/A 999M),3.1.6 End finish of Specification A 999/A 999M,3.1.7 Optional Requirements (S1 through S6),3.1.8 Test report required (Section 12), and3.1.9 Special requ
11、irements or additions to the specification.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapprov
12、ed in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A 872/A 872M 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
13、 website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME Interna-tional), Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.4Available fromASTM International Headquarters. Request RRE018601 for VolI, RRE018602 for Vol II, and RRE018603 for Vol III.5Available fromASTM International Headquarters
14、. Request for RRE028001 VolI and RRE028002 for Vol II.6Available fromASTM International Headquarters. Request for RRE044601 VolI, RRE044602 for Vol II, and RRE044603 for Vol III.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
15、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 999/A 999M, unless otherwise providedherein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Manufac
16、ture:5.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the centrifugal castingprocess.5.1.2 All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-tion as shown in Table 2.5.1.3 MachiningThe pipe shall be machined on the innersurface and may be supplied either machined or unmachined inthe outer surface. All machining
17、 shall be to a roughness valueagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat shall be madeby the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elementsspecified in Table 1. The analysis shall be made on a testsample taken preferably
18、 during the pouring of the heat. Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 1.6.2 Product AnalysisA product analysis may be made bythe purchaser. The sample for analysis shall be selected so as tobe thoroughly representative of the pipe being analyzed
19、. Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 1.6.3 To determine conformance with the chemical analysisrequirements, an observed value or calculated value shall berounded in accordance with Practice E29to the nearest unit inthe last right-hand place of
20、 values listed in Table 1.7. Tensile Requirements7.1 TestingSteel used for the castings shall conform to thetensile and hardness requirements specified in Table 3.7.2 Test Specimens:7.2.1 Test bars shall be taken from heat-treated castings.7.2.2 Tension test specimens shall be machined to the forman
21、d dimensions shown in Figs. 5 or 6 of Test Methods andDefinitions A 370.7.3 Number of Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat.7.3.2 If a specimen is machined improperly or flaws arerevealed by machining or during testing, the specimen may bediscarded and another substituted from th
22、e same heat.7.4 RetestsIf the results of the mechanical test for anyheat do not conform to the requirements specified, the castingmay be reheat treated and retested, but this may not be solutiontreated more than twice.8. Quality8.1 The surface of the casting shall be examined visuallyand shall be fr
23、ee of cracks and hot tears. Other surface defectsshall be judged in accordance with visual acceptance criteriathat may be specified in the order.9. Rework and Retreatment9.1 Defects as defined in Section 9 shall be removed andtheir removal verified by visual inspection of the resultantcavities. Defe
24、cts that are located by inspection using Supple-mentary Requirement S4, S5, or S6 shall be removed orreduced to an acceptable size.9.2 If removal of the defect does not infringe upon theminimum wall thickness, the depression shall be blendeduniformly into the surrounding surface.TABLE 1 Chemical Req
25、uirementsElementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550UNS J94300CD4MCuMNC 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Mn 2.0 max 2.0 max 0.501.50P 0.040 max 0.040 max 0.04S 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Si 2.0 max 2.0 max 1.10 maxNi 4.006.00 5.008.00 4.56.0Cr 20.023.0 23.026.0 24.526.5Mo 2.004.00 2.004.00 2.54.0N 0.080.25 0.080.25 0.180
26、.26Cu 1.00 max 1.00 max 1.33.0Co 0.501.50 0.501.50 .TABLE 2 Heat Treatment RequirementsGradeConditionTemperature,F CQuenchingUNS J93183 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J93550 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J94300CD4MCuMN1900 minimum
27、Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansA 872/A 872M 07a29.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringesupon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permittedsubject to the purchasers approval. The composition of theweld rod used shall be suitable for the composition of the metalbein
28、g welded.9.3.1 Practice A 488/A 488M or ASME Boiler and PressureVessel Code, Section IX shall be used as a guide for welder andprocedure qualification and shall be by agreement between thepurchaser and the manufacturer. All repair welds shall beinspected to the same quality standard used to inspect
29、thecasting.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 ThicknessThe wall thickness shall not vary over thatspecified by more than18 in. 3 mm. There shall be novariation under the specified wall thickness.11. Rejection11.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturermay be inspected by the pur
30、chaser and if it does not meet therequirements of the specification based on the inspection andtest method as outlined in the specification, the pipe may berejected and the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition ofrejected pipe shall be a matter of agreement between themanufacturer and the purc
31、haser.12. Certification12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manufacturers certification that the material was manufac-tured sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with thisspecification, together with a report of the test results, shall befurnished at the time of shipm
32、ent.13. Product Marking13.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or brand, the specification number, andthe grade. In addition, heat numbers or special numbers that aretraceable to heat numbers, shall be marked on each length ofpipe.14. Keywords14.1 casting; centrif
33、ugal casting; corrosive service; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel; pipeSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Thespecified
34、 tests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.S1. Additional Tension TestsS1.1 Additional tension tests shall be made at a temperatureto be specified by the customer, and the properties to be met area matter of agreement between purchaser and manufacturer.S2. Flatte
35、ning TestS2.1 The flattening test shall be made on specimens fromone or both ends of each length of pipe. If the specimen fromany end of any length fails to conform to the requirements ofSpecification A 999/A 999M, that length shall be rejected.S3. Etching TestS3.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as
36、shown by etchingtests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions ofMethod E of Test Method E 340. Etching tests shall be madeon a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe andshall show sound and reasonably uniform material, free ofinjurious laminations, cracks, and similar obj
37、ectionable de-fects. If this supplementary requirement is specified, thenumber of required tests per pipe shall also be specified. If aspecimen from any length shows objectionable defects, thelength shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective endand subsequent retests indicating the remai
38、nder of the length tobe sound and reasonably uniform material.S4. Radiographic ExaminationS4.1 The castings shall be examined for internal defects bymeans of X rays or gamma rays. The inspection procedure shallTABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsRequirementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550UNS J94300CD
39、4MCuMNTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 90 620 90 620 110 760Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 65 450 65 450 70 480Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min,%25 20 20Hardness, max:Brinell 290 297 .Rockwell C 30.5 31.5 .A 872/A 872M 07a3be in accordance with Guide E94and the types and degrees ofdiscontinuities consi
40、dered shall be judged by Reference Radio-graphs E 186, E 280,orE 446. The extent of examination andthe basis for acceptance shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.S5. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5.1 The castings shall be examined for surface disconti-nuities by mean
41、s of liquid penetrant inspection. The method ofperforming the liquid penetrant test shall be in accordance withTest Method E 165. The areas to be inspected, the methods,and types of liquid penetrants to be used, the developingprocedure, and the basis for acceptance shall be as specified onthe inquir
42、y or contract or both, or as agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser.S6. Hydrostatic TestS6.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested inaccordance with Specification A 999/A 999M. Test pressuremay be mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.S6.2 It is
43、realized that the foundry may be unable to performthe hydrostatic test prior to shipment, or that the purchaser maywish to defer testing until additional work has been performedon the casting. In such cases, the foundry is responsible for thesatisfactory performance of the casting when it is so test
44、ed.S7. Charpy Impact TestS7.1 The Charpy Impact Test shall be carried out in accor-dance with the requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M.The properties shall meet the requirements specified in TableS7.1.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this speci
45、fication since the last issue,A 872/A 872M 07, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2007)(1) Added requirements for Grade J93550 in Table 2.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,A 872/A 872M 05, that may
46、impact the use of this specification. (Approved February 1, 2007)(1) Added UNS number to CD4MCuMN in Tables 1-3.(2) Added new Table S7.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this sta
47、ndard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years an
48、dif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,
49、which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail);
