1、Designation: B16/B16M 10Standard Specification forFree-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in ScrewMachines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B16/B16M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes
3、the requirements for free-cutting brass rod, bar, wire, and shapes of any specified crosssection produced from Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C36000 orC36010 suitable for high-speed screw machining applicationsand moderate thread rolling.1.2 UnitsValues stated in either SI units or inch-poundunits are to be
4、regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.2.1 Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets.
5、1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced D
6、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2B249/B249M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes andForgingsB250/B250M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper Alloy WireB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought an
7、d CastE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materi-als Metric3E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloys3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Sp
8、ecifications B249/B249M(rod, bar, and shapes), and B250/B250M (wrought copper alloywire) constitute a part of this specification.3.1.1 Terminology,3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture,3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,3.1.4 Sampling,3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retest,3.1.6 Specimen Preparation,3.1.
9、7 Test Methods,3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits,3.1.9 Inspection,3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing,3.1.11 Certification,3.1.12 Mill Test Report,3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking, and3.1.14 Supplementary Requirements.3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thosereferenced in 3
10、.1 appears in this specification, it containsadditional requirements that supplement those appearing inSpecifications B249/B249M and B250/B250M.4. Ordering Information4.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification, as applicable:4.1.1 ASTM specification
11、 designation and year of issue(B16/B16M XX).4.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designations (C36000 orC36010, see Section 6 and Table 1). Unless otherwise speci-fied, the alloy supplied will be C36000.4.1.3 Temper (see Section 7 and Tables 2-5).1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee
12、B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1917. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B16/B16M 05. DOI:10.1520/B0016_B0016M-10.
13、2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical stan
14、dard is referencedon www.astm.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.4 Product cross section form (for example, round, hex-agonal, square, etc.).4.1.5
15、 Dimensions (see Section 9).4.1.6 How furnished: straight lengths or coils (see 5.2).4.1.7 Edge contours (see Section 9).4.1.8 Quantity; total weight, footage, or number of piecesfor each size.4.1.9 When product is purchased for applications requiringthread rolling (see 1.1, Tables 2-5).4.1.10 When
16、product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.Government (see Section 11).4.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-fied at the time of placing the order when required:4.2.1 Tensile test for product12 in. 12 mm and over (see8.2.1).4.2.2 Certification (refer to Specifications B249/B24
17、9M orB250/B250M).4.2.3 Mill Test Report (refer to Specifications B249/B249Mor B250/B250M).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 MaterialThe material of manufacture shall be a castbillet of Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 or C36010 and ofsuch purity and soundness as to be suitable for hot extrusioninto rod, ba
18、r, wire, and shaped products.5.1.1 In the event that heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.NOTE 1Due to the discontinuous nature of the processing of castingsinto wrought products, it is not always practical to identify a specificcasting anal
19、ysis with a specific quantity of finished material.5.2 ManufactureProduct produced under this specifica-tion shall be in straight lengths; however, it shall be furnishedin coils when so specified in the contract or purchase order (see4.1.6).6. Chemical Composition6.1 The product shall conform to the
20、 chemical composi-tional requirements specified in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNSNo. C36000 or C36010.6.2 The UNS designated composition limits do not precludethe possible presence of other unnamed elements; however,analysis shall be made regularly only for the minor elementslisted in Table 1, plus ei
21、ther copper or zinc, or plus all majorelements except one. The major element that is not analyzedTABLE 2 Tensile Requirements, inch-poundNOTESee Table 3 for SI values.Temper DesignationStandard NameDiameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, in.Tensile Strength,min, ksiYield Strengthat 0.5 %Exten
22、sionunder Load,min, ksiElongation,Amin, %Rod and WireO60 softanneal1 and under 48 20 15over 1 to 2, incl. 44 18 20over 2 40 15 25H02 half-hard12 and under 57 25 7Bover12 to 1, incl. 55C25 10over 1 to 2, incl. 50 20 15over 2 to 4, incl., and 45 15 20over 4 40 15 20H04 hard116 to316, incl. 80 45over31
23、6 to12, incl. 70 35 4over12 to34, incl. 65 30 6BarStandard Name Thickness, in. Width, in.O60 soft anneal 1 and under 6 and under 44 18 20over 1 6 and under 40 15 25H02 half-hard12 and under 1 and under 50 25 1012 and under over 1 to 6, incl. 45 17 15over12 to 2, incl. 2 and under 45 17 15over12 to 2
24、, incl. over 2 to 6, incl. 40 15 20over 2 over 2 to 4, incl. 40 15 20AIn any case, a minimum gage length of 1 in. shall be used.BFor product furnished in coils the elongation shall be 4 % min.CIf product is specified for thread rolling applications, the minimum tensile strength shall be 52 ksi.TABLE
25、 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper Alloy UNS No. C36000 and C36010Element Composition, %Copper Alloy UNS No.C36000 C36010Copper 60.0 - 63.0 60.0 63.0Lead 2.5 - 3.0 3.1 3.7Iron, max 0.35 0.35Zinc Remainder RemainderB16/B16M 102shall be determined by difference between the sum of thoseelements analyzed an
26、d 100 %. By agreement between produceror supplier and purchaser, analysis may be required and limitsestablished for the elements not cited. Percentage content ofelements shown as “remainder” (rem.) is calculated by differ-ence.TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements, SINOTESee Table 2 for inchpound values.Temp
27、er DesignationStandard NameDiameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, mmTensile Strength,min, MPaYield Strengthat 0.5 %Extensionunder Load,min, MPaElongation,Amin, %Rod and WireO60 softanneal25 and under 330 140 15over 25 to 50, incl. 305 125 20over 50 275 105 25H02 half-hard 12 and under 395 17
28、0 7Bover 12 to 25, incl. 380C170 10over 25 to 50, incl. 345 140 15over 50 to 100, incl., and 310 105 20over 100 275 105 20H04 hard 1.6 to 4, incl. 550 310over 4 to 12, incl. 480 240 4over 12 to 18, incl. 450 205 6BarStandard Name Thickness, mm Width, mmO60 soft anneal 25 and under 150 and under 305
29、125 20over 25 150 and under 275 105 25H02 half-hard 12 and under 25 and under 345 170 1012 and under over 25 to 150, incl. 310 115 15over 12 to 50, incl. 50 and under 310 115 15over 12 to 50, incl. over 50 to 150, incl. 275 105 20over 50 over 50 to 100, incl. 275 105 20AIn any case, a minimum gage l
30、ength of 25 mm shall be used. SI elongation values are based on a gage length of 5.65 times the square root of the area for dimensionsgreater than 2.5 mm.BFor product furnished in coils the elongation shall be 4 % min.CIf product is specified for thread rolling applications, the minimum tensile stre
31、ngth shall be 350 MPa.TABLE 4 Rockwell Hardness Requirements, inch-poundNOTE 1See Table 5 for SI values.NOTE 2Rockwell hardness requirements are not established for diameters less than12 in.Temper DesignationDiameter of Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, in.Rockwell B Hardness Determined on the Cros
32、s SectionMidway Between Surface and CenterRod and WireStandard Name Round Hexagonal and OctagonalO60 soft anneal12 and over 10 - 45 10 - 45H02 half-hard12 to 1, incl. 60 - 80A55 - 80over 1 to 2, incl. 55 - 75 45 - 80over 2 to 3, incl. 45 - 70 40 - 65over 3 to 4, incl. 40 - 65 35 - 60over 4 25 min 25
33、 minBarThickness, in. Width, in.O60 soft anneal12 and over12 and over 10 - 35H02 half-hard12 and under 1 and under 45 - 8512 and under over 1 to 6, incl. 35 - 70over12 to 2, incl. 2 and under 40 - 80over 2 to 6, incl. 35 - 70over 2 over 2 to 4, incl. 35 - 70AIf product is specified for thread rollin
34、g application, the Rockwell B hardness shall be 5575.B16/B16M 1036.3 When all elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sumshall be 99.5 % min.7. Temper7.1 Tempers, as defined in Practice B601, identified inTables 2-5 for product produced under this specification, are asfollows:7.1.1 O60 (soft anneal)
35、.7.1.2 H02 (half hard).7.1.3 H04 (hard).7.2 Rod and bar shall be furnished in the H02 (half hard)temper, unless otherwise specified in the ordering information(see 4.1.3).8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 Rockwell Hardness:8.1.1 Product12 in. 12 mm, and over in diameter ordistance between paral
36、lel surfaces, shall conform with therequirements given in Table 4 and Table 5 for temper, size, andform when tested in accordance with Test Methods E18.8.1.1.1 Rockwell hardness shall be the acceptance criterionfor sizes12 in. 12 mm, or greater, based upon mechanicalproperties, except when tensile r
37、equirements are specified asthe acceptance criteria in the ordering information.8.2 Tensile Requirements:8.2.1 When tensile requirements are specified, the productshall conform to the requirements given in Table 2 and Table 3for temper, size, and form.8.2.1.1 Tensile requirements shall be the accept
38、ance criteriaof mechanical properties for product under12 in. 12 mm indiameter or distance between parallel surfaces when tested inaccordance with Test Methods E8 or E8M.8.2.1.2 When specified in the ordering information, tensilerequirements shall be the acceptance criteria based uponmechanical prop
39、erties for product12 in. 12 mm, or greater indiameter or distance between parallel planes when tested inaccordance with Test Methods E8 or E8M.8.3 ShapesMechanical property requirements for shapesshall be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser and the agreement shall be part
40、of that contract orpurchase order.9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations9.1 The dimensions and tolerances for bar, rod and shapesproduced under this specification shall be as specified in thefollowing tables and paragraphs in Specification B249/B249M.9.1.1 Diameter or Distance Between Paral
41、lel Surfaces:9.1.1.1 Rod in LengthSee Table 1.9.1.1.2 Bar, Rectangular and SquareSee Tables 8 and 10.9.1.2 ShapesDimensional tolerances shall be subject toagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser and theagreement shall be part of the contract or purchase order.9.1.3 Length:9.1.3.1 Rod, B
42、ar, and ShapesSee Tables 13 and 14.9.1.4 Edge ContoursRefer to the subsection titled “EdgeContours” and Figs. 1, 2, and 3.9.2 The dimensions and tolerances for wire product underthis specification shall be as specified in Table 1 and the relatedsection in Specification B250/B250M.9.2.1 Wire, Coiled,
43、 RoundSee Table 1.10. Test Methods10.1 Chemical Analysis:10.1.1 Chemical composition shall, in case of disagreement,be determined as follows:TABLE 5 Rockwell Hardness Requirements, SINOTE 1See Table 4 for inchpound values.NOTE 2Rockwell hardness requirements are not established for diameters less th
44、an 12 mm.Temper DesignationDiameter of Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, mmRockwell B Hardness Determined on the Cross SectionMidway Between Surface and CenterRod and WireStandard Name Round Hexagonal and OctagonalO60 soft anneal 12 and over 10 - 45 10 - 45H02 half-hard 12 to 25, incl. 60 - 80A55 -
45、 80over 25 to 50, incl. 55 - 75 45 - 80over 50 to 75, incl. 45 - 70 40 - 65over 75 to 100, incl. 40 - 65 35 - 60over 100 25 min 25 minBarThickness, mm Width, mmO60 soft anneal 12 and over 12 and over 10 - 35H02 half-hard 12 and under 25 and under 45 - 8512 and under over 25 to 150, incl. 35 - 70over
46、 12 to 50, incl. 50 and under 40 - 80over 50 to 150, incl. 35 - 70over 50 over 50 to 100, incl. 35 - 70AIf product is specified for thread rolling application, the Rockwell B hardness shall be 5575.B16/B16M 104Element Test MethodCopper E478Lead E478 atomic absorptionIron E478Zinc E478 titrimetric10.
47、2 Test method(s) to be followed for the determination ofother element(s) resulting from contractual or purchaser orderagreement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.11. Purchases for U.S. Government Agencies11.1 Product purchased for agencies of the U.S. Govern-ment, whe
48、n specified in the contract or purchase order, shallconform to the special Supplementary Requirements section inSpecifications B249/B249M (rod, bar, and shapes) and B250/B250M (wire).12. Keywords12.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000; Copper Alloy UNSNo. C36010; free-cutting brass bar; free-cutting brass
49、rod;free-cutting brass wire; screw machine rodSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B16/B16M 05) that may impact its use. (approved Oct. 1, 2010)(1) Changed composition of C36000, added C36010.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent
