1、Designation: B170 99 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forOxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery Shapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes the
3、 requirements for twogrades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, andcakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidaldeoxidizers.1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined ascopper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010 % (10 ppm).1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C1
4、0100) corresponds to thedesignation OFE in Classification B224.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to thedesignation OF in Classification B224.1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS desig-nation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, andC10700.1.3 Although this specification
5、 includes certain UNS desig-nations as described in Practice E527, these designations arefor cross reference only and are not specification requirements.In case of conflict, Specification B170 shall govern.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given
6、in parentheses are forinformation only, except for analytical measurements where SIunits are the norm.1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. I
7、t is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test M
8、ethod for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB224 Classification of CoppersB577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Confo
9、rmance with SpecificationsE50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, andRelated MaterialsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys (Withdrawn
10、2003)3E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definition of terms used shall be that found in Clas-sification B224 and Termino
11、logy B846.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material shall include the following informa-tion:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Grade,1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07
12、 onRefined Copper.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B170 99 (2010)1.DOI: 10.1520/B0170-99R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se
13、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
14、 PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.2.1 Grade 1 copper, (UNS C10100), corresponds to thedesignation OFE in Classification B224,4.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200), corresponds to thedesignation OF in Classification B224,4.1.3 Shape and size, and4.1.4 Quantity.4.2 The following options are available an
15、d should bespecified at time of order when required:4.2.1 Certification,4.2.2 Test reports,4.2.3 Piece identification,4.2.4 The amount of silver required in troy oz/short ton forsilver bearing (OFS) coppers,4.2.4.1 The addition of silver up to an average of 30 troyoz/short ton (0.102 %) will be cons
16、idered within thespecification, with no individual silver analysis to exceed35 troy ozshort ton (0.12 %), and4.2.4.2 Copper with added silver corresponds to the desig-nation OFS as shown in Classification B224 and to coppersUNS C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreedsilver content.5. Che
17、mical Composition5.1 The composition of each grade shall be in accordancewith the requirements of Table 1.5.2 By agreement between purchaser and supplier, analysismay be required and limits established for elements notspecified in Table 1.6. Physical Properties6.1 Electrical Resistivity:6.1.1 The ma
18、ximum mass resistivity for Grade 1 is 0.15176 g/m2(conductivity 101 %, minimum, International An-nealed Copper Standards, (IACS).6.1.2 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 2 is 0.15328 g/m2(conductivity 100 %, minimum, IACS).6.2 Embrittlement Test:6.2.1 Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends wi
19、thoutbreaking, in accordance with Test Method D of Test MethodsB577.6.2.2 Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends withoutbreaking in accordance with Test Method D of Test MethodsB577.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Standard Shapes and SizesThe copper shall be sup-plied in the
20、form of wire bars, cakes, and billets (Note 1).NOTE 1For available shapes and sizes consult the manufacturerspublished list.7.1.1 Wire bars covered by this specification do not conformin dimension to Specification B5.7.2 Wire Bars:7.2.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or7.2.2 A variation of14 in. (6.4
21、 mm) in height, or width, orboth, or7.2.3 A variation of 1 % in length from the purchasersspecification shall be considered good delivery.7.3 Cakes:7.3.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or7.3.2 A variation of14 in. (6.4 mm) in height or width, orboth, from the purchasers specification shall be conside
22、redgood delivery.7.3.3 Cakes may vary by 3 % from any listed or specifieddimension greater than 8 in. (203 mm).7.4 Billets:7.4.1 For billets up to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in diameter, avariation of 5 % in weight and 6116 in. (1.6 mm) in diameterfrom the purchasers specification shall be considered gooddeli
23、very.7.4.2 For billets 6 in. (152.4 mm) and over in diameter, thediameter tolerance shall be +116,18 in. (+1.6 mm, 3.2 mm)for good delivery.7.4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser a diameter tolerance of +0 in., 316 in. (+0 mm,4.8 mm) may be specified for billets 6 in. and over
24、indiameter.7.4.4 Billets varying in length by 62 % from the listed orspecified length shall be considered good delivery.7.4.5 Billets shall be straight within14 in. (6.4 mm) in 4 ft(1.22 m) as measured at the center of the billet.7.4.6 Billets shall not be cupped except by specific agree-ment at tim
25、e of purchase.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Wire Bars, Billets, and CakesShall be substantiallyfree of shrink holes, porosity, cracks, cold sets, pits, inclusions,and similar defects.9. Sampling9.1 For routine sampling, the method of sampling shall be atthe discretion of the sampler.TABL
26、E 1 Chemical CompositionAElement Grade 1 Grade 2Copper, min % 99.99B.Copper (including silver), min % . . . 99.95ppm, max ppm, maxAntimony 4 . . .Arsenic 5 . . .Bismuth 1 . . .Cadmium 1 . . .Iron 10 . . .Lead 5 . . .Manganese 0.5 . . .Nickel 10 . . .Oxygen 5 10PhosphorusC3 .Selenium 3 . . .Silver 25
27、 . . .Sulfur 15 . . .Tellurium 2 . . .Tin 2 .Zinc 1 . . .AAnalytical uncertainty is not incorporated into the specified limits.BCopper is determined by the difference of impurity total from 100.CRefer to Section 13.B170 99 (2015)29.2 In the case of special requirements specified in thepurchase order
28、 or contract, the method of sampling shall be asagreed upon between the producer, or supplier, and thepurchaser.9.3 In case of dispute, a sampling lot shall consist of allpieces in a shipment manufactured during a single productionperiod as defined and recorded by the manufacturer.9.4 Chemical Compo
29、sitionIn case of dispute concerningchemical composition, each party shall select two pieces fromthe lot to be investigated.9.4.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled inthe presence of both parties by drilling five holes, approxi-mately12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, at points equally spac
30、edbetween the ends of the pieces.9.4.2 For wire bars or billets, these holes shall be along anapproximate center line, and with cakes, along an approximatediagonal line between opposite corners.9.4.3 The drilling shall be completely through each piece.Surface drillings shall be rejected.9.4.3.1 The
31、drill bit used shall be thoroughly cleaned priorto use. The bit shall be made from a noncontaminatingmaterial.9.4.3.2 No lubricant shall be used, and the drill shall not beforced sufficiently to cause oxidation of the drillings.9.4.4 In case of a section more than 5 in. (125 mm) inthickness, drillin
32、gs may be made from opposite sides for adepth of not less than 2 in. (51 mm) in each direction insteadof completely through each piece, but, in other respects, thedrillings shall be conducted as previously described.9.4.5 The drillings from each of the four pieces are indi-vidually mixed and divided
33、 into three approximately equalportions.9.4.5.1 Each portion shall be placed in a sealed,noncontaminating, package, and9.4.5.2 The twelve portions shall be individually identified,and9.4.5.3 Divided into three groups of four portion each, oneportion from each of the original four pieces; one group e
34、achfor the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the umpire, if neces-sary.9.4.6 Sampling of individual pieces weighing over 1000 lb(453 kg) shall be by agreement between manufacturer and thepurchaser.9.5 OxygenIn case of dispute concerning oxygen content,each party shall select two pieces from the lot t
35、o be investi-gated.9.5.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled inthe presence of both parties. A single piece of adequate sizeshall be cut from each of the four pieces by mutually agreeablemeans.9.5.2 Each piece shall be cut into three approximately equalportions. The twelve portions thu
36、s obtained shall be individu-ally identified.9.5.3 The twelve portions shall be divided into three groupsof four portions each, one from each of the original four pieces;one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and theumpire, if necessary.9.6 ResistivityIn case of dispute concerning massr
37、esistivity, each party shall select two pieces from the lot.9.6.1 In the presence of both parties, and by mutuallyagreeable means, a single sample of adequate size shall be cutfrom each of the four pieces and fabricated into a wire.9.6.2 Each coil shall be cut into three portions of approxi-mately e
38、qual length, and the twelve portions thus obtainedshall be individually identified.9.6.3 The twelve wires shall be divided into three groups offour wires each, one from each of the four original selectedpieces; one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, andthe umpire, if necessary.9.7 Embri
39、ttlementIn case of dispute concerning freedomfrom embrittlement, sampling shall be described in 9.6.9.8 Variation in Weights or DimensionsIn case of disputeconcerning weights or dimensions, the representative of themanufacturer and purchaser shall inspect all pieces wherephysical defects or variatio
40、ns in weights are claimed. If suchinspection is not practical, or if agreement is not reached, thequestion of fact shall be submitted to a mutually agreeableumpire.10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 Number of Tests:10.1.1 The chemical composition, except for oxygen, shallbe determined as the mean o
41、f the observations from threereplicate analyses of each of the four portions.10.1.2 The oxygen content shall be determined as the meanof the results from the four test specimens.10.1.3 The mass resistivity shall be determined as the meanof the results from the four test specimens.10.1.4 The freedom
42、from embrittlement shall be determinedas the mean of the results from the four test specimens.10.2 Retest:10.2.1 In case of dispute one retest may be made by themanufacturer or the purchaser or both, under the conditions of10.1.10.3 Umpire Test:10.3.1 In the case where the retest does not settle the
43、dispute, a second retest may be made by a third qualifiedlaboratory agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.The second retest shall be made on the samples set aside forthis purpose.10.3.2 The umpire provision does not preclude otherarrangements, by agreement or contract.11. Specimen Preparat
44、ion11.1 Oxygen:11.1.1 The test specimen shall originate as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet from which a0.25-in. (6.4-mm) test cube specimen is fabricated by meansagreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.11.1.2 The test specimen shall be etched with a solution
45、 ofnitric acid (HNO3) (1+1) for a time sufficient to produce avisible reaction.B170 99 (2015)311.1.3 The test specimen is removed from the acid withstainless steel, or platinum tipped, tongs, or forceps, and rinsedfour times with distilled or deionized water.11.1.4 The test specimen is covered with
46、concentratedhydrochloric acid (HCl) for 5 min, rinsed four times withwater, blotted dry, dipped in acetone, and allowed to air dry.11.1.5 The test specimen is weighed to the nearest 0.1 mgand analyzed in a properly calibrated oxygen analyzer.11.2 Resistivity:11.2.1 Each test specimen shall originate
47、 as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet. The specimenshall be forged or hot rolled.11.2.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci-men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm)in diameter.11.2.3 The wire shall be annealed in an inert atmosphere a
48、tapproximately 500C (932F) for 30 min and cooled toambient temperature in the same inert atmosphere.11.3 Embrittlement (Bend):11.3.1 Each specimen shall originate as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a selected bar, cake, or billet. Thespecimen shall be forged or hot rolled.11.3.2 The exter
49、nal oxide shall be removed and the speci-men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm)in diameter.11.3.3 The wire shall be annealed in an atmosphere contain-ing not less than 10 % hydrogen for 30 min at 850 6 25C(1517 to 1607F) and cooled to ambient temperature in thesame atmosphere.12. Test Methods12.1 For routine analysis, the analytical test method shall beat the discretion of the analyst.12.2 In the case of special requirements specified in thepurchase order or contract, the methods of analysis used shallbe as agreed upon between
