1、Designation: B197/B197M 07 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B197/B197M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requiremen
3、ts forcopper-beryllium alloy wire in coils, spools, or other thanstraight lengths, of any uniform cross section. Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C17200 and C173002are included.1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No.C17200 shall be the alloy furnished whenever SpecificationB197/B197Mis specified wit
4、hout any alloy designation.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the oth
5、er. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.4 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification:1.4.1 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its
6、use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B194 Specification for Copper-BerylliumAlloy Plate, Sheet,Strip, and Roll
7、ed BarB250/B250M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper Alloy WireB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper andCopper AlloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tensio
8、n Testing of Metallic MaterialsMetric (Withdrawn 2008)4E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B250/B250Mconstitute a part of this specific
9、ation:3.1.1 Terminology,3.1.2 Material and Manufacturer,3.1.3 Chemical Composition,3.1.4 Dimensions and Permissible Variations,3.1.5 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,3.1.6 Sampling,3.1.7 Number of Tests and Retests,3.1.8 Specimen Preparation,3.1.9 Test Methods,3.1.10 Significance of Numerical Lim
10、its,3.1.11 Inspection,3.1.12 Rejection and Rehearing,3.1.13 Certification,3.1.14 Mill Test Report, and3.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking.3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in 3.1 above, appears in this specification, itcontains additional requirements which su
11、pplement those ap-pearing in Specification B250/B250M.4. Terminology4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.4.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:4.2.1 grain countthe number of grains per stock thickness.1This specification is under the
12、 jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B197/B197M 0
13、7.DOI: 10.1520/B0197_B0197M-07R13.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base all
14、oy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is
15、referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product und
16、er this specification, as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper (Alloy) UNS No. designation,5.1.3 Temper (Section 7),5.1.4 Dimensions, diameter, or distance between parallelsurfaces, and length if applicable,5.1.5 Form of material: cross section such as round
17、,hexagonal, octagonal, oval, trapezoidal, and so forth,5.1.6 How furnished: coils spools, reels, or bucks, andspecific lengths with or without ends or stock lengths with orwithout ends if applicable, and5.1.7 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S.Government (see Section 15).5.2 The follow
18、ing options are available and should bespecified in the contract or purchase order when required:5.2.1 Type of edge: square corners, round edge, full-rounded edge (see the Edge Contours section in the Dimen-sions and Permissible Variations Section of SpecificationB250/B250M),5.2.2 Grain size (Sectio
19、n 9.1),5.2.3 Grain count (Section 9.2),5.2.4 Mechanical properties (tensile strength and hardness)(Section 10),5.2.5 Bend test (after precipitation heat treatment) (11.1),5.2.6 Heat identification or traceability details,5.2.7 Special packaging requirements,5.2.8 Certification, and5.2.9 Mill test re
20、port.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements prescribed in Table 1 for copper alloy UNS No.designation specified in the ordering information.6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements m
21、ay beestablished and analysis required by agreement between themanufacturer or supplier and purchaser.6.3 Copper is customarily given as remainder, but may betaken as the difference between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %.6.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, thesum of resul
22、ts shall be 99.5 % min.7. Temper7.1 The standard tempers available under this specificationand as specified in Practice B601 are TB00 (solution heattreated), or with varying degrees of cold work TD00 to TD04to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Also available areproducts already precipitatio
23、n heat-treated by themanufacturer, tempers TF00 (AT), TH01 to TH04. Theseproducts meet property requirements in Tables 2 and 3 andgenerally do not require further heat treatment by the user.7.2 The pretempered product TL08 shown in Table 4 isprepared by the manufacturer for special applications.NOTE
24、 1Special or nonstandard tempers are subject to negotiationbetween the supplier and the purchaser.8. Precipitation Heat Treatment8.1 The precipitation heat treatment is normally performedby the purchaser after forming. The heat treatment specifiedherein is applicable to mill products. Other treatmen
25、t times andtemperatures may be preferable for end products made fromthis material.8.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) through TH04 (HT)specification limits shown in Tables 2 and 3 for productssupplied in the TB00 (A) through TD04 (H) tempers, shall bedetermined by testing test specimens heat-treated at
26、 a uniformtemperature of 600 to 625F 316 to 329C for the timesshown in Table 5.8.3 Special combinations of properties such as increasedductility, electrical conductivity, dimensional accuracy, endur-ance life, and resistance to elastic drift and hysteresis in springsmay be obtained by special precip
27、itation-hardening heat treat-ments. The mechanical requirements of Tables 2 and 3 do notapply to such special heat treatments.9. Physical Property Requirements9.1 Grain SizeThe average grain size of each of twosamples of rectangular other than square wire, in thicknessesTABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
28、ElementComposition, %Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17200Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17300Beryllium 1.802.00 1.802.00Additive elements:Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt + iron, max 0.6 0.6Lead . . . 0.200.6Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20Copper remainder remainderTABLE 2 Tensile Strength Req
29、uirements for Round, Hexagonal,Octagonal, and Square Wire After Precipitation Heat Treatment(See 11.2)Temper Designation Tensile Strength,AStandard Former ksiBMPaTF00 Precipitationhardened (AT)160200C11051380TH0114 hard andprecipitation heattreated (14 HT)175210C12051450TH0212 hard andprecipitation
30、heattreated (12 HT)185215 12751480TH0334 hard andprecipitation heattreated (34 HT)D190230 13101585TH04 Hard andprecipitation heattreated (HT)195230 13451585AThese values apply to mill products (see 11.2).Bksi = 1000 psi.CCorrected editorially.DTH03 (34 HT) condition is generally available up to 0.08
31、0 in. 2.0 mm, inclusive,in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces.B197/B197M 07 (2013)2over 0.010 in. 0.25 mm taken after precipitation heat treat-ment (see 8.2), shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 6when determined in accordance with Test Methods E112 andtaken on a plane perpendi
32、cular to the direction of rolling ordrawing.9.2 Grain Count:9.2.1 The grain count of each of two samples of rectangularother than square wire, in thicknesses over 0.004 to 0.010 in.0.10 to 0.25 mm inclusive, taken after precipitation heattreatment (see 8.2), shall not be less than the limits specifi
33、ed inTable 7 when tested in accordance with 9.2.2.9.2.2 Grain count is the number of grains per stockthickness, averaged for five locations one stock thickness apart.Grain count shall be determined in a plane perpendicular to thedirection of rolling or drawing.10. Property Requirements10.1 The prope
34、rty requirement basis for acceptance orrejection for product in all forms and tempers is listed in theTables as follows:10.1.1 For round, hexagonal, octagonal, and square wire:10.1.1.1 In the solution heat-treated, and solution heat-treated and cold worked conditioningTable 8,10.1.1.2 After precipit
35、ation heat-treatmentTable 2,10.1.1.3 In the pretempered (mill-hardened) conditionTable 4.10.1.2 For rectangle other than square wire:10.1.2.1 Rockwell hardness shall be the basis of acceptanceor rejection for wire 0.015 in. (0.040 mm) thick or over unlessotherwise specifiedTable 9.10.1.2.2 For wire
36、less than 0.015 in. (0.40 mm), or whenagreement on hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensilestrength requirements shall apply.TABLE 3 Mechanical Property RequirementsAfor Rectangular Other Than Square Wire After Precipitation Heat Treatment (See 11.2)NOTE 1Rockwell hardness values apply only to
37、direct determinations, not converted values.Temper Designation Tensile StrengthARockwell hardnessBStandard Former ksiCMPa C Scale, min 30N Scale, min15N Scale,minTF00 Precipitation hardened (AT) 165190 11401310 36 56 78TH0114 hard and precipitation heat treated (14 H) 175200 12101380 38 58 79TH0212
38、hard and precipitation heat treated (12 HT) 185210 12801450 39 59 79.5TH04 Hard and precipitation heat treated (HT) 190215 13101480 40 60 80AThe upper limit in the tensile strength column applies to material thicker than 0.020 in. 0.50 mm.BThe thickness of material that may be tested in the case of
39、the Rockwell hardness scales is as follows:C Scale 0.032 in. and over 0.80 mm and over30N 0.020 to 0.032 in., excl 0.50 to 0.80 mm, excl15N Scale 0.015 to 0.020 in., excl 0.38 to 0.50 mm, exclCksi = 1000 psi.TABLE 4 Tensile Strength Requirements for Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal, and Square Wire After
40、 Mill Hardening (Pretempered TL08-Former Designation XHT)Diameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, in.Tensile Strength,ksiADiameter or Distance BetweenParallel Surfaces, mmTensile Strength,MPaOver 0.050 to 0.075, excl 140165 Over 1.2 to 1.9, excl 96511400.075 to 0.100, excl 120140 1.9 to 2.5, e
41、xcl 8309650.100 to 0.114, incl 115130 2.5 to 2.9, excl 795895Aksi = 1000 psi.TABLE 5 Standard Precipitation Heat Treatment Time forAcceptance TestTemper Designation Before HardeningTime at 600 to 625F, h316329CStandard FormerRound,Hexagonal,Octagonal,and SquareWireRectangularOther ThanSquare WireTB0
42、0 Solution heat treated(annealed)33TD01 Quarter-hard 2 212TD02 Half-hard 112 2TD03 Three-quarter hard 1 2TD04 Hard 1 2TABLE 6 Grain Size Requirements for Rectangular Other ThanSquare WireThickness, in.MaximumAverageGrain Size, mmThickness, mmOver 0.010 to 0.030, incl 0.035 Over 0.25 to 0.75, inclOve
43、r 0.030 to 0.090, incl 0.045 Over 0.75 to 2.30, inclOver 0.090 to 0.188, incl 0.060 Over 2.3 to 4.8, inclTABLE 7 Grain Count Requirements for Rectangular Other ThanSquare WireThickness, in.MinimumNumberofGrainsThickness, mmOver 0.004 to 0.006, incl 6 Over 0.10 to 0.15, inclOver 0.006 to 0.008, incl
44、7 Over 0.15 to 0.20, inclOver 0.008 to 0.010, incl 8 Over 0.20 to 0.25, inclB197/B197M 07 (2013)310.1.2.3 In the solution heat-treated and solution heat-treated and cold-worked conditionTable 9.10.1.2.4 After precipitation heat-treatmentTable 3.11. Performance Requirements11.1 Bend Tests Requirement
45、s:11.1.1 Round, hexagonal, octagonal, and square wire intempers shown in Table 8 shall withstand being bent coldthrough five successive turns on a radius equal to the diameteror distance between parallel surfaces of the wire.11.1.1.1 The specimens shall not develop cracks visible tothe unaided eye.1
46、1.2 When specified (see 5.2.5), rectangular other thansquare wire after precipitation heat treatment, according toTable 5 and having dimensions of 0.004 to 0.020 in. 0.10 to0.50 mm, inclusive in thickness, and having a width of at leastfour times its thickness, shall conform to the requirementsspeci
47、fied in Table 10 when tested in accordance with 14.2.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered bythis specification shall be as specified in the current edition ofSpecification B250/B250M, with particular reference to theDimensions and Permissib
48、le Variations Section and the follow-ing tables of that specification:12.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel SurfacesSee6.2, Table 2.12.3 Thickness5See 6.3, Table 4,12.4 Width5See 6.4, Table 6,12.5 Length5See 6.5, Tables 7 and 8,12.6 Straightness5See 6.6, Table 9.13. Specimen Preparation13.1 Ten
49、sion test specimens, when required, shall be pre-pared in a full cross-section area if practicable. Full cross-section or machined specimens shall be as specified in TestMethods E8 and E8M.NOTE 2Mechanical property data determined on other than roundcross section, for sizes under 0.125 in. 3.2 mm, may be compromisedand be inaccurate due to the stress riser effect on the corner.14. Test Methods14.1 Chemical AnalysisIn case of dispute, the test methodin Sp
