1、Designation: B2 121Standard Specification forMedium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B2; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses i
2、ndicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEFootnote 3 was editorially updated in February 2013.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers medium-hard-drawn roundcopper wire for electrical purposes (see Explanatory
3、 Note 1).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.2.1 ExceptionThe SI values of density and resistivityare to be regarded as
4、 standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Re
5、ferenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch CopperRefinery ShapesB49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock
6、 for Elec-trical PurposesB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-SectionalAreas ofAWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical Conductors2.3 Other Docu
7、ments:NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables of the NationalBureau of Standards33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information:3.1.1 Quantity of each size;3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (see 5.1 and Table 1);3.1.3 Type of copper, if
8、special (see Section 4);3.1.4 Package size (see 11.1);3.1.5 Special package marking, if required; and3.1.6 Place of inspection (Section 10).4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The material shall be copper of such quality and puritythat the finished product shall have the properties and charac-teristics
9、prescribed in this specification.NOTE 1Specifications B5, B49, and B170 define the materials suitablefor use.4.2 Copper bars of special qualities, forms, or types, as maybe agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser,and which will conform to the requirements prescribed in thisspecificati
10、on, may also be used.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diameter of thewire in decimal fractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in.(0.1 mil) or in millimetres to the nearest 0.001 mm (Explana-tory Note 2).5.2 Within the range of diameters included
11、in Table 1 thewire shall not vary from the specified diameter by more than61 %, expressed to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.1 mil) 0.001 mm.5.3 Ten percent, but not less than five coils or spools (or allif the lot is less than five) from any lot of wire shall be gagedat three places. If accessible, one g
12、aging shall be taken neareach end and one near the middle. If any of the selected coils1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 onConductors of Copper and Copper Alloys.Current edition approved
13、 Nov. 15, 2012. Published November 2012. Originallyapproved in 1912. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B2 08. DOI:10.1520/B0002-12E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards vol
14、ume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
15、shohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1or spools fails to conform to the requirements prescribed in 5.2,all coils or spools shall be gaged in the manner specified.6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 The wire shall be free from all imperfections notconsistent with the best commercial practice.
16、7. Tensile Properties7.1 The wire shall conform to the requirements as to tensileproperties prescribed in Table 1 (Explanatory Note 3 and Note4).7.2 Tests on a specimen containing a joint shall show atleast 95 % of the minimum tensile strength given in Table 1.Elongation tests shall not be made on a
17、 specimen containing ajoint.7.3 For wire the nominal diameter of which is more than0.001 in. (1 mil) (0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in Table1, but which is less than that of the next larger size, therequirements of the next larger size shall apply.7.4 Determine the elongation of the wire as t
18、he permanentincrease in length due to the breaking of the wire in tension,measured between gage marks placed originally 10 in. (254mm) apart upon the test specimen (Explanatory Note 4).7.5 If any part of the fracture takes place outside the gagemarks or in the jaws of the testing machine, or if an e
19、xamina-tion of the specimen indicates a flaw, the value obtained maynot be representative of the material. In such cases the test maybe discarded and a new test made.7.6 RetestsIf, upon testing a sample from any coil or spoolof wire, the results do not conform to the requirementsprescribed in Table
20、1, two additional samples shall be testedand the average of the three tests shall determine the accep-tance or rejection of the coil or spool.8. Resistivity8.1 Electrical resistivity shall be determined on representa-tive samples by resistance measurements (Explanatory Note 5and Note 6). At a temper
21、ature of 20C the resistivity shall notexceed the following values:Nominal Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20C,lb/mile2g/m20.460 to 0.325 (11.684 to 8.255 mm), incl 896.15 0.15694Under 0.325 to 0.0403 (8.255 to 1.024 mm), incl 905.44 0.158578.2 Tests to determine conformance to the electrical resis-tanc
22、e requirements shall be made in accordance with TestMethod B193.9. Joints9.1 No joints shall be made in the completed wire (Explana-tory Note 7). Joints in wire and rods, prior to final drawing,shall be made in accordance with the best commercial practiceand shall conform to the requirements prescri
23、bed in 7.2.10. Inspection10.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the manufacturer shall be responsible for the perfor-mance of all inspection and test requirements specified (Ex-planatory Note 8).10.2 All inspections and tests shall be made at the place ofmanufacture unless
24、 otherwise especially agreed to between themanufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the purchase.10.3 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector represent-ing the purchaser all reasonable manufacturers facilities tosatisfy that the material is being furnished in accordance withthis specificati
25、on.10.4 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the manufacturer, conformance of the wire to the variousTABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsDiameter Area at 20C Tensile Strength Elongation, min,%in 10-in.(250 mm)in. mm cmil in.2mm2psi MPaMin Max Min Max0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 42 000
26、 49 000 290 340 3.80.4096 10.404 167 800 0.1318 85.0 43 000 50 000 295 345 3.60.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 44 000 51 000 305 350 3.20.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 45 000 52 000 310 360 3.00.2893 7.348 83 690 0.06573 42.4 46 000 53 000 315 365 2.80.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05212 33.6 47 000 54 000
27、325 370 2.50.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 48 000 55 000 330 380 2.20.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 48 330 55 330 335 380 1.90.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 48 660 55 660 335 385 1.70.1620 4.115 26 240 0.02061 13.3 49 000 56 000 340 385 1.50.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 49 330 56 330 340 390 1.
28、40.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 49 660 56 660 340 390 1.30.1144 2.906 13 090 0.01028 6.63 50 000 57 000 345 395 1.30.1019 2.588 10 380 0.00816 5.26 50 330 57 330 345 395 1.20.0907 2.304 8 230 0.00646 4.17 50 660 57 600 350 400 1.20.0808 2.052 6 530 0.00513 3.31 51 000 58 000 350 400 1.10.0720 1.82
29、9 5 180 0.00407 2.63 51 330 58 330 355 400 1.10.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 51 660 58 660 355 405 1.00.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 52 000 59 000 360 405 1.00.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 52 330 59 330 360 410 1.00.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 52 660 59 660 365 410 1.00.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128
30、 0.823 53 000 60 000 365 415 1.0B21212requirements listed in this specification shall be determined onsamples taken from each lot of wire presented for acceptance.10.5 The manufacturer shall, if requested prior toinspection, certify that all wire in the lot was made under suchconditions that the pro
31、duct as a whole conforms to therequirements of this specification as determined by regularlymade and recorded tests.10.6 Inspection and Testing Terms:10.6.1 LotAlot is any amount of wire of one type and sizepresented for acceptance at one time; such amount, however,not to exceed 100 000 lb or 45 000
32、 kg (Explanatory Note 9).10.6.2 SampleA sample is a quantity of production units(coils, reels, and so forth) selected at random from the lot forthe purpose of determining conformance of the lot to therequirements of this specification.10.6.3 SpecimenA specimen is a length of wire removedfor test pur
33、poses from any individual production unit of thesample.10.7 Sample SizeThe number of production units in asample (Explanatory Note 8) shall be as follows:10.7.1 For tension, elongation, and resistivitydeterminations, the sample shall consist of four productionunits. From each unit, one test specimen
34、 of sufficient lengthshall be removed for the performance of the required tests.10.7.2 For dimensional measurements, the sample shallconsist of a quantity of production units shown in Table 2under the heading “First Sample.”10.7.3 For surface-finish inspection and for packaging in-spection (when spe
35、cified by the purchaser at the time of placingthe order) the sample shall consist of a quantity of productionunits shown in Table 3.11. Packaging and Shipping11.1 Package sizes shall be agreed upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser in the placing of individual orders.11.2 The wire shall be
36、 protected against damage in ordinaryhandling and shipping.12. Keywords12.1 copper wire; medium-hard copper wire; round copperelectrical wire; round copper wireTABLE 2 Sampling for Dimensional MeasurementsNumber of Unitsin LotFirst Sample Second SampleNumber of Units inSample, n1Allowable Number ofD
37、efects in FirstSample, c1Number of Units inSample, n2n1plus n2Allowable Number of Defects in Both Samples, c21 to 14, incl all 0 . . .15 to 50, incl 14 0 . . .51 to 100, incl 19 0 23 42 1101 to 200, incl 24 0 46 70 2201 to 400, incl 29 0 76 105 3401 to 800, incl 33 0 112 145 4Over 800 34 0 116 150 4
38、B21213EXPLANATORY NOTESNOTE 1Medium-hard drawn wire approaches hard-drawn wire in itscharacteristics, but from the very nature of the product, exact uniformityin tensile strength cannot be obtained. Hence it has been necessary toestablish a range of tensile strengths within which standard medium-har
39、d-drawn wire may be expected to be found.NOTE 2The values of the wire diameters in Table 1 are given to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.001 mm) and correspond to the standard sizes givenin Specification B258. The use of gage numbers to specify wire sizes is notrecognized in this specification because of th
40、e possibility of confusion.Anexcellent discussion of wire gages and related subjects is contained inNBS Handbook 100.NOTE 3Other tests than those provided in this specification have beenconsidered at various times, such as twist tests, wrap tests, tests for elasticlimit, etc. It is the opinion of th
41、e committee that twist and wrap tests onmedium-hard-drawn wire do not serve a useful purpose and should beregarded as undesirable, as well as inconclusive as to results andsignificance. Tests for values of elastic limit are likewise indefinite as toresults. Tests to determine elastic properties of m
42、edium-hard-drawn wirefrom which wire stringing and sagging data may be compiled areconsidered to be outside the scope of the acceptance tests contemplated inthis specification.NOTE 4It is known that the rate of loading during tension testing ofcopper affects the performance of the sample to a greate
43、r or lesser extent,depending upon many factors. In general, tested values of tensile strengthare increased and tested values of elongation are reduced with increase ofspeed of the moving head of the testing machine. These effects arepronounced when the speed of the moving head is excessive in the te
44、stingof medium-hard-drawn wires. It is suggested that tests be made at speedsof moving head that, under no-load conditions, are not greater than 3 in.(75 mm)/min, but in no case at a speed greater than that at which correctreadings can be made.NOTE 5“Resistivity” is used in place of “percentage cond
45、uctivity.”The value of 0.15328 g/m2at 20C is the international standard for theresistivity of annealed copper equal to 100 % conductivity. This termmeans that a wire1minlength and weighing 1 g would have a resistanceof 0.15328 . This is equivalent to a resistivity value of 875.20lb/mile2, which sign
46、ifies the resistance of a wire 1 mile in lengthweighing 1 lb. It is also equivalent, for example, to 1.7241 /cm oflength of a bar 1 cm2in cross section. A complete discussion of thissubject is contained in NBS Handbook 100. Relationships that may beuseful in connection with the values of resistivity
47、 prescribed in thisspecification are as in Table 4 each column containing equivalentexpressions, at 20C.NOTE 6The value of density of copper is in accordance with theInternational Annealed Copper Standard. The corresponding value at 0Cis 8.90 g/cm3(0.32150 lb/in.3). As pointed out in the discussion
48、of thissubject in NBS Handbook 100, there is no appreciable difference in valuesof density of medium-hard-drawn and annealed copper wire.NOTE 7Mechanical joints made during inspection at the request of thepurchaser are permissible if agreed upon at the time of placing the order.NOTE 8Cumulative resu
49、lts secured on the product of a singlemanufacturer, indicating continued conformance to the criteria, arenecessary to ensure an overall product meeting the requirements of thisspecification. The sample sizes and conformance criteria given for thevarious characteristics are applicable only to lots produced under theseconditions.NOTE 9A lot should comprise material taken from a product regularlymeeting the requirements of this specification. Inspection of individuallots of less than 5000 lb or 2270 kg of wire cannot be justifiedeconomically. F
