1、Designation: B 23 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forWhite Metal Bearing Alloys(Known Commercially as “Babbitt Metal”)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 23; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification
3、covers eight typical white metalbearing alloys, in bar or ingot form, known commercially as“babbitt metal.” The alloys are specified, covering the rangecommercially used, and are designated by the alloy numbersshown in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.
4、The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard
5、 to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. R
6、eferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE57 Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Metal Bear-ing Alloys33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the follow
7、ing information:3.1.1 Name of material (white metal bearing alloy),3.1.2 Form and nominal weight of individual bars,3.1.3 Quantity,3.1.4 Alloy number,3.1.5 Inspection required (Section 9),3.1.6 Certification required (Section 10),3.1.7 Marking required (Section 11), and3.1.8 ASTM designation and yea
8、r of issue.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The bars or ingots shall be made in accordance withsuch practice as to obtain the chemical composition, weight,and dimensions as prescribed in this specification.4.2 The bars or ingots shall be as uniform in quality aspracticable.5. Chemical Composition5.1
9、The alloys covered by this specification shall conform tothe requirements for chemical composition prescribed in Table1.5.2 By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser,analysis may be required and limits established for elementsnot specified in Table 1.6. Dimensions and Weights6.1 The babbitt sh
10、all be furnished in bars of a convenientweight and size for handling. Unless otherwise agreed upon, nounnotched bar shall exceed 10 lb (4.5 kg) in weight, nornotched bar exceed 15 lb (6.8 kg).6.2 By mutual agreement, babbitt may be furnished in smallround bars about 3.5 in. (90 mm) in diameter.7. Sa
11、mpling7.1 Three bars shall be selected to represent a shipment ofless than 1000 lb (450 kg), five bars to represent a shipment of1000 lb to 10 000 lb (4500 kg) inclusive, and ten bars torepresent a shipment of over 10 000 lb to one carload.7.2 Saw cuts shall be made at points in the bars as indicate
12、din Fig. 1. No lubricants shall be used for sawing. The sawingsshall be carefully treated with a magnet to remove any particlesof steel introduced in taking the sample.7.3 When babbitt is furnished in bars under 5 lb (2.3 kg) inweight, three bars shall be considered the equivalent of one bar(6.1) fo
13、r sampling purposes. These may be remelted in a clean1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Publi
14、shed November 2005. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 23 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docu
15、ment Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.utensil at a temperature slightly above the liquidus point of thealloy, mixed thoroughly, poured into a cold mold forming aconvenient siz
16、e bar, and then handled in accordance with 6.2.7.4 Sawings, thoroughly mixed, shall be separated into threeequal portions, each of which shall be placed in a sealedpackage, one for the manufacturer, one for the purchaser, andone for an umpire, if necessary. Each portion should exceed0.74 oz (21 g) i
17、n weight.7.5 When bars, by agreement, exceed 15 lb (6.8 kg) inweight, the number of sample bars taken and the samplingprocedure shall be by agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.8. Test Methods8.1 In case of dispute, the chemical analysis shall be madein accordance with Methods E57.8.2
18、 The method of analysis for cadmium and aluminum incase of dispute shall be as agreed upon between manufacturerand purchaser.8.3 For purposes of compliance with the specified chemicalcomposition limits, the reported analysis shall be rounded tothe nearest unit in the right hand place of figures used
19、 inexpressing the limiting value, in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.9. Inspection9.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed uponby the manufacturer and the purchaser as part of the purchasecontract.10. Rejection and Rehearing10.1 Material that fails to conform to the
20、requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.11. Certification11.1 When specified in the purchase orde
21、r or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,and inspected in accordance with this specification and hasTABLE 1 Chemical CompositionAwt% (range or maximum)ChemicalComposition, %Alloy NumberTin Base Lead Ba
22、se1 2 3 11 7 8 13 15UNSL13910 UNSL13890 UNSL13840 UNSL13870 UNSL53585 UNSL53565 UNSL53346 UNSL53620Tin remainderBremainderBremainderBremainderB9.310.7 4.55.5 5.56.5 0.81.2Antimony 4.05.0 7.08.0 7.58.5 6.07.5 14.016.0 14.016.0 9.510.5 14.517.5Lead 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.50 remainderBremainderBremainderBrem
23、ainderBCopper 4.05.0 3.04.0 7.58.5 5.06.5 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.6Iron 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Arsenic 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.25 0.81.4Bismuth 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Zinc 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Aluminum 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0
24、.005 0.005 0.005Cadmium 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Total named 99.80 99.80 99.80 99.80elements,minAAlloy Number 9 was discontinued in 1946 and numbers 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 16, and 19 were discontinued in 1959. A new number 11, similar to SAE Grade 11, wasadded in 1966.BTo be determined b
25、y difference.NOTE 1With notched bars the saw cuts shall be distributed along the bar in a similar manner, avoiding if possible, saw cuts directly through a notch.FIG. 1 Method of Sampling Unnotched BarB 23 00 (2005)2been found to meet the requirements. When specified in thepurchase order or contract
26、, a report of the test results shall befurnished.12. Product Marking12.1 The name or trademark of the manufacturer shall becast on each bar. The numerical designation of the alloysupplied shall be stamped or cast on each bar for identification.13. Keywords13.1 Babbit metal; bar; bearing alloys; chem
27、ical composi-tion; ingot; leadtinantimony alloys; physical properties;tinantimonycopper alloysAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PROPERTIES OF WHITE METAL BEARING ALLOYSX1.1 The data in Table X1.1 do not constitute a part of thisspecification. They are given merely to indicate to the pur-chaser t
28、he physical properties of the various alloys specifiedwhich can be expected of carefully manufactured alloys of theformulas indicated, and to constitute a guide to the purchaser inselecting the grade best suited for meeting the service conditionfor which the babbitt metal is to be used. Alloys 1 to
29、8 wereprepared at the National Bureau of Standards from pure Bankatin, high grade “Star” antimony, and a commercially pure lead(99.94 % Pb), and the values given are the results of tests madein the Bureau laboratories. Data on alloy 15 and the liquidustemperature of alloy 1 have been added, based on
30、 work at otherlaboratories. All figures are subject to revision.TABLE X1.1 Composition and Physical PropertiesAof White Metal Bearing AlloysAlloyNumberBSpecified Nominal Composition of Alloys, %SpecificGravityCComposition of Alloys Tested, % Yield Point, psiD(MPa)Tin Antimony Lead Copper Arsenic Tin
31、 Antimony Lead Copper 68F (20C)212F(100C)1 91.0 4.5 4.5 7.34 90.9 4.52 none 4.56 4400 (30.3) 2650 (18.3)2 89.0 7.5 3.5 7.39 89.2 7.4 0.03 3.1 6100 (42.0) 3000 (20.6)3 84.0 8.0 8.0 7.46 83.4 8.2 0.03 8.3 6600 (45.5) 3150 (21.7)7 10.0 15.0 remainder .45 9.73 10.0 14.5 75.0 0.11 3550 (24.5) 1600 (11.0)
32、8 5.0 15.0 remainder .45 10.04 5.2 14.9 79.4 0.14 3400 (23.4) 1750 (12.1)15 1.0 16.0 remainder 1.0 10.05AlloyNumberBJohnsons Apparent ElasticLimit, psi (MPa)EUltimate Strength inCompressionFBrinellHardnessG MeltingPoint, F (C)Temperatureof CompleteLiquefaction,F(C)ProperPouringTemperature,F (C)68F (
33、20C) 212F (100C) 68F (20C) 212F (100C)68F(20C)212F(100C)1 2450 (16.9) 1050 (7.2) 12 850 (88.6) 6950 (47.9) 17.0 8.0 433 (223) 700 (371) 825 (441)2 3350 (23.1) 1100 (7.6) 14 900 (102.7) 8700 (60.0) 24.5 12.0 466 (241) 669 (354) 795 (424)3 5350 (36.9) 1300 (9.0) 17 600 (121.3) 9900 (68.3) 27.0 14.5 46
34、4 (240) 792 (422) 915 (491)7 2500 (17.2) 1350 (9.3) 15 650 (107.9) 6150 (42.4) 22.5 10.5 464 (240) 514 (268) 640 (338)8 2650 (18.3) 1200 (8.3) 15 600 (107.6) 6150 (42.4) 20.0 9.5 459 (237) 522 (272) 645 (341)15 21.0 13.0 479 (248) 538 (281) 662 (350)AThe compression test specimens were cylinders 1.5
35、 in. (38 mm) in length and 0.5 in. (13 mm) in diameter, machined from chill castings 2 in. (51 mm) in length and0.75 in. (19 mm) in diameter. The Brinell tests were made on the bottom of parallel machined specimens cast in a mold 2 in. (51 mm) in diameter and 0.625 in. (16 mm)deep at room temperatur
36、e.BData not available on Alloy Numbers 11 and 13.CThe specific gravity multiplied by 0.0361 equals the density in pounds per cubic inch.DThe values for yield point were taken from stress-strain curves at a deformation of 0.125 % of gage length.EJohnsons apparent elastic limit is taken as the unit st
37、ress at the point where the slope of the tangent to the curve is23 times its slope at the origin.FThe ultimate strength values were taken as the unit load necessary to produce a deformation of 25 % of the length of the specimen.GThese values are the average Brinell number of three impressions on eac
38、h alloy using a 10-mm ball and a 500-kg load applied for 30 s.B 23 00 (2005)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validi
39、ty of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your commen
40、ts are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have no
41、t received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 23 00 (2005)4
