1、Designation: B316/B316M 10Standard Specification forAluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-HeadingWire and Rods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B316/B316M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers w
3、ire and rod in the alloys(Note 1) shown in Table 1 and the tempers shown in Table 2Table 3 and Table 4 Table 5, suitable for manufacturingrivets and other similar items by cold-heading operations.NOTE 1Throughout this specification the use of the term alloy in thegeneral sense includes aluminum as w
4、ell as aluminum alloy.NOTE 2For rolled or cold-finished wire and rod, see SpecificationB211, and for extruded wire and rod, see Specification B221.1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance withANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified NumberingSystem alloy designations are those of Table 1
5、 preceded byA9,for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance withPractice E527.1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminumand aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.
6、 The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4.1 The SI units are shown either in brackets or in separatetables.2. Referenced Docume
7、nts2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B211 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyBar, Rod, and WireB221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars,
8、Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesB557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and CastAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB557M Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and CastAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products (Metric)B565 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Rivets and
9、 Cold-Heading Wire and RodsB660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum andMagnesium ProductsB666/B666M Practice for Identification Marking of Alumi-num and Magnesium ProductsB881 Terminology Relating toAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB918 Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought AluminumAll
10、oysE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum andAluminum-Base AlloysE227 Test Method for Optical Emission SpectrometricAnalysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by thePoint-to-Plane Technique3E5
11、27 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E607 Test Method for Atomic Emission SpectrometricAnalysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-nique Nitrogen AtmosphereE716 Practices for Sampling Aluminum and AluminumAlloys for Spectrochemical AnalysisE1004 Tes
12、t Method for Determining Electrical Conductiv-ity Using the Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) MethodE1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-num Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrometry2.3 ANSI Standards:4H35.1/H35.1M Alloy and Temper Designation Systems forAluminum1This specification is unde
13、r the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 onAluminum Alloy Wrought Products.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B316/B316M02.D
14、OI: 10.1520/B0316_B0316M-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved ver
15、sion of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from Aluminum Association, Inc., 1525 Wilson Blvd., Suite 600,Arlington, VA 22209, http:/www.aluminum.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
16、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.H35.2 Dimensional Tolerances forAluminum Mill ProductsH35.2M Dimensional Tolerances for Aluminum Mill Prod-ucts Metric2.4 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage52.5 AMS Specification:AMS 2772 Heat Treatment of Alumin
17、um Alloy Raw Mate-rials62.6 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)52.7 CEN EN Standards:7EN 14242 Aluminum and aluminum alloys. Chemicalanalysis inductively coupled plasma optical emissionspectral analysis.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 roda solid product 0.375
18、 in. or greater over 10 mmin diameter, that is long in relation to cross section.3.1.2 cold-heading rodrod of a quality suitable for use inthe manufacture of cold-headed products such as rivets andbolts.3.1.3 rivet rodsee cold-heading rod.3.1.4 wirea solid wrought product that is long in relationto
19、its cross section, which is square or rectangular with sharp orrounded corners or edges, or is round, a regular hexagon, or aregular octagon, and whose diameter or greatest perpendiculardistances between parallel faces (except for flattened wire) isless than 0.375 in. up through 10 mm3.1.5 cold-head
20、ing wirewire of a quality suitable for usein the manufacture of cold-headed products such as rivets andbolts.3.1.6 rivet wiresee cold-heading wire.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing information:NOTE 3For inch-pound orders specify Specifica
21、tion B316; for metricorders specify Specification B316M. Do not mix units.4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes thenumber, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),4.1.2 Quantity in pieces or pounds kilograms,4.1.3 Alloy (see 7.1),4.1.4 Temper (see 8.1),4.1.5 Diameter,4.1.6 F
22、orm-coiled or straight lengths,4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specificationshall include the following information when required by thepurchaser:4.2.1 Whether inspection or witness of inspection and testsby the purchasers representative is required prior to materialshipment (Section 1
23、3),4.2.2 Whether certification is required (Section 15),4.2.3 Whether marking for identification is required (Sec-tion 16), and4.2.4 Whether Practices B660 applies and, if so, the levelsof preservation, packaging, and packing required (17.3).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The products covered by th
24、is specification shall beproduced by extruding, rolling, or drawing, or a combinationthereof, at the option of the producer.6. Responsibility for Quality Assurance6.1 Responsibility for Inspection and TestsUnless other-wise specified in the contract or purchase order, the producer isresponsible for
25、the performance of all inspection and testrequirements specified herein. The producer may use his ownor any other suitable facilities for the performance of theinspection and test requirements specified herein, unless dis-approved by the purchaser in the order or at the time of contractsigning. The
26、purchaser shall have the right to perform any ofthe inspections and tests set forth in this specification wheresuch inspections are deemed necessary to assure that materialconforms to prescribed requirements.6.2 Lot Definition An inspection lot shall be defined asfollows:6.2.1 For heat-treated tempe
27、rs, an inspection lot shall con-sist of an identifiable quantity of material of the same millform, alloy, temper, and nominal diameter traceable to aheat-treat lot or lots, and subjected to inspection at one time.6.2.2 For nonheat-treated tempers, an inspection lot shallconsist of an identifiable qu
28、antity of material of the same millform, alloy, temper, and nominal diameter subjected to inspec-tion at one time.7. Chemical Composition7.1 LimitsThe material shall conform to the chemicalcomposition limits specified in Table 1. Conformance shall bedetermined by the producer by taking samples in ac
29、cordancewith E716 when the ingots are poured, and analyzing thosesamples in accordance with E607, E1251, E34 or EN 14242.Atleast one sample shall be taken for each group of ingots pouredsimultaneously from the same source of molten metal. If theproducer has determined the chemical composition during
30、pouring of the ingots, they shall not be required to sample andanalyze the finished product.7.2 Methods of SamplingIf it becomes necessary to ana-lyze the finished or semifinished product for conformance tochemical composition limits, the method used to sample thefinished or semifinished product for
31、 the determination ofchemical composition shall be by agreement between theproducer and the purchaser. Analysis shall be performed inaccordance with E716, E607, E1251, E34 or EN 14242 (ICPmethod). The number of samples taken for determination ofchemical composition shall be as follows:7.2.1 When sam
32、ples are taken from the finished or semifin-ished product, a sample shall be taken to represent each 40005Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.6Available from SAE International (SAE),
33、400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.7Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat,(CEN), Rue de Stassart 36, B1050 Brussels, Belgium, http/www.cen.eu/esearch.B316/B316M 102lb 2000 kg or fraction thereof of material in the shipment,except th
34、at not more than one sample shall be required perpiece.7.3 Other methods of analysis or in the case of dispute maybe by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.NOTE 4It is standard practice in the United States aluminum industryto determine conformance to the chemical composition limits pri
35、or tofurther processing of ingots into wrought products. Due to the continuousnature of the process, it is not practical to keep a specific ingot analysisidentified with a specific quantity of finished material.NOTE 5It is difficult to obtain a reliable analysis of each of thecomponents of clad mate
36、rials using material in its finished state. Areasonably accurate determination of the core composition can be made ifthe cladding is substantially removed prior to analysis. The claddingcomposition is more difficult to determine because of the relatively thinlayer and because of diffusion of core el
37、ements to the cladding. Thecorrectness of cladding alloy used can usually be verified by a combina-tion of metallographic examination and spectrochemical analysis of thesurface at several widely separated points.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Tensile Properties of Material as SuppliedThe mate-rial shal
38、l conform to the tensile strength requirements specifiedin Table 2 Table 3.8.2 Mechanical Properties of Material after HeatTreatmentIn addition to the requirements of 8.1, heat-treatable material ordered in the annealed or strain-hardenedtempers and subsequently solution heat treated (T4) or solutio
39、nand precipitation heat treated (T6, T61, T62, T7, or T73), shallconform to the requirements of Table 4 Table 5 for eithertensile strength or shear strength, at the producers option.However, the material shall be capable of meeting both thetensile and shear strength requirements.8.3 Number of Specim
40、ens:8.3.1 One tension test specimen shall be taken for each 1000lb or fraction thereof in the lot to determine compliance with8.1. Only one specimen shall be taken from any one piece.8.3.2 The number of tests to determine compliance with 8.2shall be the same as in 8.3.1.8.4 Test Methods:8.4.1 The te
41、nsion tests shall be made in accordance withTest Methods B557, B557M.8.4.2 The shear tests shall be made in accordance with TestMethod B565.9. Heat Treatment9.1 Unless specified in 9.2, producer or supplier heat treat-ment for the applicable tempers in Table 4 shall be inaccordance with AMS 2772.9.2
42、 When specified, heat treatment for the applicable tem-pers in Table 4 shall be in accordance with Practice B918.10. Stress-Corrosion Resistance10.1 For lot acceptance purposes, resistance to stress-corrosion cracking for each lot of 7050-T7 and 7075-T73material shall be established by testing the p
43、reviously selectedtension-test samples to the criteria shown in Table 6.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsA,B,CNOTE 1In case of a discrepancy in the values listed in Table 1 with those listed in the “International Alloy Designations and Chemical CompositionLimits for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Al
44、uminum Alloys”(known as the “Teal Sheets”), the composition limits registered with the AluminumAssociation and published in the “Teal Sheets” should be considered the controlling composition. The “Teal Sheets” are available at http:/www.aluminum.org/tealsheets.Alloy Silicon Iron Copper Manganese Mag
45、nesium Chromium Zinc TitaniumOther ElementsDAluminumEach TotalE1100 0.95 Si + Fe 0.050.20 0.05 . . 0.10 . 0.05 0.15 99.00 minF2017 0.200.8 0.7 3.54.5 0.401.0 0.400.8 0.10 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 remainder2024 0.50 0.50 3.84.9 0.300.9 1.21.8 0.10 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 remainder2117 0.8 0.7 2.23.0 0.20 0.20
46、0.50 0.10 0.25 . 0.05 0.15 remainder2219 0.20 0.30 5.86.8 0.200.40 0.02 . 0.10 0.020.10 0.05G0.15Gremainder3003 0.6 0.7 0.050.20 1.01.5 . . 0.10 . 0.05 0.15 remainder5005 0.30 0.7 0.20 0.20 0.501.1 0.10 0.25 . 0.05 0.15 remainder5052 0.25 0.40 0.10 0.10 2.22.8 0.150.35 0.10 . 0.05 0.15 remainder5056
47、 0.30 0.40 0.10 0.050.20 4.55.6 0.050.20 0.10 . 0.05 0.15 remainder6053H0.35 0.10 . 1.11.4 0.150.35 0.10 . 0.05 0.15 remainder6061 0.400.8 0.7 0.150.40 0.15 0.81.2 0.040.35 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 remainder7050 0.12 0.15 2.02.6 0.10 1.92.6 0.04 5.76.7 0.06 0.05I0.15Iremainder7075 0.40 0.50 1.22.0 0.30 2
48、.12.9 0.180.28 5.16.1 0.20 0.05 0.15 remainder7178 0.40 0.50 1.62.4 0.30 2.43.1 0.180.28 6.37.3 0.20 0.05 0.15 remainderALimits are in weight mass percent, maximum, unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.BAnalysis shall be made for the elements for which limits are shown in this table.CTo deter
49、mine conformance to these limits, an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding off method of Practice E29.DOthers includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown as well as unlisted metallic elements. The producer may analyze samples for trace elements notspecified in this specification. However, such analysis is not requ
