1、Designation: B350/B350M 11 (Reapproved 2016)1Used in USNRC-RDT standardsStandard Specification forZirconium and Zirconium Alloy Ingots for NuclearApplication1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B350/B350M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTENote 2 was added editorially in March 2017.1. Scope1.1 This specification
3、covers vacuum-melted zirconium andzirconium alloy ingots for nuclear application.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; there
4、fore, each system shallbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all of
5、the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Signif
6、icant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-BeamContact TestingE2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Lot Definitions:3.1.1 ingot, na quantity of metal cast into a shape suitab
7、lefor subsequent processing to various mill products.4. Classification4.1 Ingots are furnished in five grades as follows:4.1.1 R60001 Unalloyed Zirconium,4.1.2 R60802 Zirconium-Tin Alloy,4.1.3 R60804 Zirconium-Tin Alloy,4.1.4 R60901 Zirconium-Niobium Alloy, and4.1.5 R60904 Zirconium-Niobium Alloy.5.
8、 Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information as required to describeadequately the desired material:5.1.1 Quantity in weight or pieces,5.1.2 Name of material,5.1.3 Grade (Table 1),5.1.4 Size (diameter, length, or weight), in the unit s
9、ystemregarded as standard (inch-pound or SI), and5.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: two eachzirconium ingots, Grade R60001, 12 in. diameter by 1000 lb each, ASTMSpecification: B350/B350M 01.5.2 In addition to the data specified in 5.1, the fo
10、llowingoptions and points of agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser should be specified in the purchase order ifrequired:5.2.1 Inspection (Section 12), and5.2.2 Oxygen analysis requirements (Table 1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be pro-du
11、ced by multiple vacuum arc melting, or electron beammelting, or other melting processes conventionally used forreactive metals; all melting is to be carried out in furnacesusually used for reactive metals.7. Condition7.1 Unless otherwise specified, ingots shall be conditionedby machining or grinding
12、 or both to remove surface andsubsurface defects detrimental to subsequent fabrication.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition appro
13、ved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B350/B350M 11.DOI: 10.1520/B0350_B0350M-11R16E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
14、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
15、 principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.17.2 After conditioning has been completed, no abruptchanges in diamet
16、er or local depression that will impairsubsequent fabrication shall be permitted. The differencebetween the maximum and minimum radii of the conditionedingot shall not exceed 20 % of the maximum radius. Lands,grooves, and local depressions shall be blended to a maximumangle of 30 to the axis of the
17、ingot. Each end of the ingot shallbe chamfered or radiused. The minimum chamfer or radiusshall be12 in. 12 mm.8. Chemical Requirements8.1 The ingot shall conform to the requirements for chemi-cal composition as prescribed in Table 1. Guide E2626 may beused as a guide for chemical analysis techniques
18、.NOTE 2Nuclear grade zirconium ingots produced from electrolyticstarting material should be produced using methods such that the finalingot fluorine content is 1ppm to mitigate risk of poor breakawayperformance. In order to achieve this target fluorine level, a quad meltprocess under vacuum is stron
19、gly recommended.8.2 The ingot shall be sampled in sufficient places along theside wall so that the top sample is within 5 in. 125 mm of thetop face and the distance between samples or between thebottom face and a sample does not exceed one ingot diameter.A minimum of three samples per ingot is requi
20、red.8.3 These samples shall be analyzed for the alloying andimpurity elements given in Table 1.8.4 Analysis shall be made using the manufacturers stan-dard methods. In the event of disagreement as to the chemicalcomposition of the metal, methods of chemical analysis forreference purposes shall be de
21、termined by a mutually accept-able laboratory.8.5 Product Check AnalysisProduct check analysis is ananalysis made by or for the purchaser for the purpose ofverifying the composition of the ingot. The check analysistolerances reflect the variation between laboratories in themeasurement of chemical co
22、mposition. The permissible varia-tion in the product check analysis from the specified range is asprescribed in Table 2.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, Weight %UNS R60001 UNS R60802 UNS R60804 UNS R60901 UNS R60904Tin . 1.201.70 1.201.70 . .Iron . 0.070.20 0.180.24 . .Chromium . 0.0
23、50.15 0.070.13 . .Nickel . 0.030.08 . . .Niobium (columbium) . . . 2.402.80 2.502.80OxygenAAA0.090.15AIron + chromium + nickel . 0.180.38 . . .Iron + chromium . . 0.280.37 . .Maximum Impurities, Weight %Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075Boron 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Cadmium 0
24、.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Calcium . 0.0030 0.0030 . .Carbon 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027Chromium 0.020 . . 0.020 0.020Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Copper 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Hafnium 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0010Iron 0.
25、150 . . 0.150 0.150Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Manganese 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Nickel 0.0070 . 0.0070 0.0070 0.0070Niobium . 0.0100 0.0100 . .Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080Phosphorus . . . 0.0020 0.0020Silicon 0.01
26、20 0.0120 0.0120 0.0120 0.012Tin 0.0050 . . 0.010 0.010Tungsten 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Titanium 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Uranium (total) 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035AWhen so specified in the purchase order, oxygen shall be determined and reported. Maximum, minimum, or both,
27、 permissible values should be specified in the purchaseorder.TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Product AnalysisAlloyingElementsPermissible Variation fromthe Specified Range(Table 1), %Tin 0.050Iron 0.020Chromium 0.010Nickel 0.010Iron + chromium 0.020Iron + chromium + nickel 0.020NiobiumOxygen0.0500.
28、020Each impurity element20 ppm or 20 % of the specifiedlimit, whichever is smallerB350/B350M 11 (2016)129. Retest9.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obviouscontamination, improper preparation, or flaws disqualifying itas a representative sample, it shall be discarded and a newsample or specimen s
29、ubstituted.9.2 If the results of any test are not in conformance with therequirements of this specification, the ingot may be retested atthe option of the manufacturer. The manufacturer may scalp orcrop the ingot to remove nonconforming material then resa-mple remaining ingot position(s). The ingot
30、shall be acceptableif all results of retests following the initial test(s) conform tothis specification.10. Significance of Numerical Limits10.1 For purposes of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed inTable 1 and Table 2, an observed value or a cal
31、culated valueshall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.11. Ultrasonic Test11.1 Ingots shall be inspected ultrasonically by the methodsdescribed in 11.1.1 and 11.1.2 unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.11.1.1 Standardization
32、The test shall be conducted in ac-cordance with Practice E114. The search unit shall be alongitudinal beam transducer, operated at a maximum fre-quency of 214 MHz using a suitable couplant with the piecebeing tested. The search unit shall be standardized on a testblock, setting the back reflection e
33、qual to 100 %. The test blockshall be of the same approximate diameter and surface condi-tion as the ingot. Standardization is required before theinspection begins on the ingot.11.1.2 Unless otherwise approved by the purchaser, thereference standard shall consist of an ingot section containingtwo 0.
34、093-in. 2.4-mm diameter holes, one of which shall beradially located at the approximate ingot center, the other at theapproximate mid-radius position. These drilled holes shallterminate at a plane (normal to the longitudinal ingot axis)located 0.5 in. 12 mm below the ingot end face. Duringcalibratio
35、n, the two reference holes should line up with thebeam, with the mid-radius hole farthest from the search unit.Then the complete length of the ingot shall be inspected. Twotraverses shall be made along the length of the cylindrical ingotsurface 90 degrees apart. Additional traverses shall be made if
36、the entire ingot is not adequately inspected by this procedure.Remove defect indications observed that exceed that of thereference standard. If the back reflection is between 50 and95 %, increase the gain to bring back reflection up to 100 %and inspect the trace indication to observe any internal re
37、flec-tions greater than the indication from the reference standard.Again, remove any such defects. Following such amplitudeadjustment and inspection, recalibrate the search unit on thetest block. Note the position of all lesser defects and reportthem to the purchaser along with the ingot number.12.
38、Inspection12.1 The manufacturer shall inspect the material covered bythis specification prior to shipment. If so specified on thepurchase order, the purchaser or his representative may witnessthe testing and inspection of the material at the place ofmanufacture. In such cases, the purchaser shall st
39、ate in hispurchase order which tests he desires to witness. The manu-facturer shall give ample notice to the purchaser as to the timeand place of the designated tests. If the purchasers represen-tative is not present at the time agreed upon for the testing, themanufacturer shall consider the require
40、ment for purchasersinspection at place of manufacture to be waived.12.2 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector represent-ing the purchaser, without charge, all reasonable facilities tosatisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordancewith this specification. This inspection shall be
41、 conducted so asnot to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.13. Rejection13.1 Rejection for failure of the material to meet thisspecification shall be reported to the manufacturer within 60calendar days from the receipt of the material by the purchaser.Unless otherwise specified,
42、rejected material may be returnedto the manufacturer at the manufacturers expense, unless thepurchaser receives, within three weeks of the notice ofrejection, other instructions for disposition.14. Referee14.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance
43、of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall performthe tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.15. Certification
44、15.1 A producers or suppliers certification shall be fur-nished to the purchaser that the material was manufactured,sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this speci-fication and has been found to meet the requirements. A reportof the test results shall be furnished.16. Packaging and Mark
45、ing16.1 Each ingot shall be metal die stamped on the top withthe manufacturers ingot number. Each box or skid shall belegibly and conspicuously marked or tagged with the followinginformation:16.1.1 Order or contract number,16.1.2 Name of material,16.1.3 Grade,16.1.4 Ingot number,16.1.5 Nominal diame
46、ter,16.1.6 Gross, net, and tare weights, and16.1.7 ASTM specification number.16.2 Ingots shall be boxed or banded on skids in such amanner as to assure safe delivery to their destination whenproperly transported by any common carrier.B350/B350M 11 (2016)1317. Keywords17.1 ingot; nuclear reactor; rea
47、ctor grade; zirconium; zirco-nium alloyASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
48、riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of
49、this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (sing
