1、Designation: B 367 08aStandard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 367; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers titanium and titanium alloycastings in
3、tended for general corrosion resistant and industrialapplications.1.2 This specification is intended for use of purchasersand/or producers of reactive metal castings for defining therequirements and assuring the properties of castings for uniquecorrosion-resistant applications, that is, not for comm
4、odityitems which must meet all potential purchasers requirements.1.2.1 Users are advised to use the specification as a basis forobtaining castings which will meet minimum acceptancerequirements established and revised by consensus of themembers of the committee.1.2.2 User requirements considered mor
5、e stringent may bemet by the addition to the purchase order of one or moresupplementary requirements, which may include, but are notlimited to, those listed in Sections S1 through S8.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathemat
6、icalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual ExaminationE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Me
7、thod for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE 142 Test Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic
8、Testing3E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant ExaminationE 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.51 mm in ThicknessE 539 Test Method for X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometricAnalysis of 6Al-4V Titanium AlloyE 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Tita
9、nium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionThermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE 1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their AlloysE 2371 Te
10、st Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma SpectrometryE 2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lot, nshall consist of all castings of the same designproduced fr
11、om the same pour.3.1.2 pour, nshall consist of all material melted and castat one time.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for castings to this specification shall include thefollowing as required, to describe the requirements adequately:4.1.1 Description of the castings by pattern number ordrawing. D
12、imensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing,4.1.2 Quantity,4.1.3 Grade designation (see Table 1),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Curren
13、t edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 367 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume inf
14、ormation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.4 Options in the specification, and4.1.5 Supplementary requirements desired, including thestanda
15、rds of acceptance.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials for this specification shall be melted byconventional processes used for reactive metals. Typical meth-ods include the consumable electrode and induction-slag,plasma arc, induction-skull, and electron beam melting pro-cesses.6. Chemical Com
16、position6.1 Pour AnalysisAn analysis of each pour shall be madeby the producer from a sample such as a casting or test bar thatis representative of the pour. The chemical composition deter-mined shall conform to the requirements specified for therelevant grade in Table 1.6.1.1 The elements listed in
17、 Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements which are inherent to the manufacture oftitanium sponge, ingot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table1 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed s
18、crapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore product analysis forelements not listed in Table 1 shall not be required unlessspecified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intentof this specification.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in t
19、he chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and the purchaserand requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis tolerances do notbroaden th
20、e specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between laboratories in the measurement of chemi-cal content. The producer shall not ship material which isoutside the limits specified in Table 1 for the applicable grade.Product analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 2.6.4 Samplin
21、gSamples for chemical analysis may be madeby the purchaser on a representative casting from any lot. Dueto the possibility of oxygen or other interstitial contamination,samples for oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen analysisshall be taken no closer than14 in. (6.3 mm) to a cast surfaceexcept tha
22、t castings too thin for this shall be analyzed onrepresentative material. The chemical composition determinedTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, Weight %GradeC-2GradeC-3GradeC-5GradeC-6GradeC-12GradeTi-Pd7AGradeTi-Pd8BGradeTi-Pd16GradeTi-Pd17GradeTi-Pd18GradeC-38Nitrogen, max 0.05 0.05
23、0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03Carbon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.08Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.0150 0.0150 0.0150 0.015Iron, maxor range0.20 0.25 0.40 0.50 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.20 0.25 1.21.8Oxygen, maxor range0.40 0.40 0.25 0
24、.20 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.200.30Aluminum . . 5.56.75 4.006.00 . . . . . 2.53.5 3.54.5Vanadium . . 3.54.5 . . . . . . 2.03.0 2.03.0Tin . . . 2.03.0 . . . . . . .Ruthenium . . . . . . . . . . .Palladium . . . . . 0.12 min 0.12 min 0.040.08B0.040.08B0.040.08A.Cobalt . . . . . . . . . . .Molyb
25、denum . . . . 0.20.4 . . . . .Chromium . . . . . . . . . . .Nickel . . . . 0.60.9 . . . . . .Niobium . . . . . . . . . . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . . . . . . .Residuals,C,D,Emax each. . . . . . . . . . 0.1Residuals,C,D,Emax total. . . . . . . . . . 0.4TitaniumF. . . . . . . .
26、. . balanceOther elements(each), maxG0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.1 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 .Other elements(total), maxG0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.4 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 .AGrade 18Palladium added to titanium alloy 3AI-2.5V to enhance corrosion properties.BGrade TiPd16 and TiPd17Unalloyed titanium with redu
27、ced palladium content to enhance corrosion properties are similar to Grade TiPd, 7B and 8A.CNeed not be reported.DA residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium theseelements include al
28、uminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum,nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.EThe purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysis for specific residual elements not listed in
29、this specification.FThe percentage of titanium is determined by difference.GNeed not be reported. By agreement between producer and purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for elements or compounds not specified inthis table. Corrected editorially.B 367 08a2shall conform to the an
30、alysis in Table 1 within the checkanalysis variations shown in Table 2 or shall be subject torejection by the purchaser.7. Heat Treatment7.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all castingswill be supplied in the as-cast condition except when post-weldheat treatment is required.7.2 If post-w
31、eld heat treatment is required, it shall consist ofa stress relief performed at 1075 6 25F (580 6 14C) forGrades C-2, C-3, C-12, Ti-Pd7B, Ti-Pd8A, Ti-Pd16 andTi-Pd17, and 1200 6 25F (650 6 14C) for Grades C-5, C-6,Ti-Pd18, and C-38. Time at temperature shall be a minimum of12 h plus an additional12
32、h at temperature per inch of thicknessfor section sizes greater than 1 in. (25 mm). After heattreatment, the castings should be cooled in air or in the furnaceto ambient temperature unless otherwise agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and producer.8. Methods of Chemical Analysis8.1 The chemical analysi
33、s shall normally be conductedusing theASTM standard test methods referenced in 2.1. Otherindustry standard methods may be used where the ASTM testmethods in 2.1 do not adequately cover the elements in thematerial or by agreement between the producer and purchaser.Alternate techniques are discussed i
34、n Guide E 2626.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like mannerand shall conform to the dimensions in drawings furnished bythe purchaser before manufacturing is started. If the pattern issupplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shallbe as
35、predicted by the pattern.9.2 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering moldmaterial, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visualexamination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visualacceptance standards specified in the order. Practice A 802/A 802M or other visual stand
36、ards may be used to defineacceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptablesurface discontinuities shall be removed and their removalverified by visual examination of the resultant cavities.10. Repair by Welding10.1 If repairs are required, these shall be made using awelding procedure and
37、operators certified to quality require-ments established by the producer. The procedures developedshall be consistent with standard practices recommended forreactive metal alloys. The producer shall maintain documenta-tion on procedure and welder qualifications. Procedure modi-fications or special a
38、rrangements shall be as agreed uponbetween the producer and the purchaser.10.2 The composition of the deposited weld metal shall bewithin the chemical requirements for each grade established inTable 1.10.2.1 Unalloyed titanium Grades C-2 and C-3, and low-alloy Grades C-12, Ti-Pd7B, Ti-Pd8A, Ti-Pd16,
39、 and Ti-Pd17castings shall be stress-relieved if the repair is consideredcapable of adding stresses that will interfere with the purposefor which the castings are intended. The decision for stressrelieving shall be made by the producer, unless otherwiseagreed upon. The stress-relief cycle shall be i
40、n accordance with7.2 followed by air or furnace cooling to room temperature, oras agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer.10.2.2 Grade C-5 (Ti-6Al-4V), Grade C-6 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn),Grade Ti-Pd18, and C-38 castings shall be stress-relieved afterweld repair, if the weld defect or excavation is
41、through a wallor exceeds 1 in.3(16 000 mm3) of deposited metal.All welds onGrade C-12 (Ti-.3Mo-.8Ni) castings shall be stress-relievedafter weld repair. The stress-relief cycle shall be in accordancewith 7.2.10.2.3 Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) may be substituted forrequired thermal treatment provide
42、d all requirements for thattreatment are met, and temperatures detrimental to the materialproperties are not reached.11. Referee Test and Analysis11.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification, a
43、 mutually acceptable ref-eree shall perform the tests in question using the ASTMstandard methods in 2.1. The referees testing shall be used indetermining conformance of the material to this specification.12. Inspection12.1 The producer shall afford the purchasers inspector allreasonable facilities n
44、ecessary to satisfy him that the materialis being produced and furnished in accordance with thisspecification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall notinterfere unnecessarily with the producers operations.12.2 If the results of any chemical or mechanical propertytest lot are not in conformance
45、with the requirements of thisspecification, the lot may be retested at the option of theproducer. The frequency of the retest will double the initialnumber of tests. If the results of the retest conform to thespecification, then the retest values will become the test valuesfor certification. Only or
46、iginal conforming test results or theconforming retest results shall be reported to the purchaser. Ifthe results for the retest fail to conform to the specification, thematerial will be rejected in accordance with Section 13.12.3 For purposes of determining conformance with thespecifications contain
47、ed herein, an observed or a calculatedTABLE 2 Check Analysis TolerancesElementMaximum or Range,Weight %Permissible Variation inCheck AnalysisNitrogen 0.05 +0.02Carbon 0.10 +0.02Hydrogen 0.015 +0.003Iron 1.21.8 60.20Iron 0.50 +0.150.40 +0.080.25 +0.050.20 +0.04Oxygen 0.250.20+ 0.05+ 0.04Aluminum 2.56
48、.75 60.40Vanadium 2.04.5 60.15Tin 2.03.0 60.15Palladium 0.040.25 60.02Molybdenum 0.20.4 60.04Nickel 0.30.9 60.05Other (each) 0.10 +0.02B 367 08a3value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand significant digit used in expressing the limitingvalue. This is in accordance with the
49、 round-off method ofPractice E29.13. Rejection13.1 Any rejection based on test reports shall be reported tothe producer within 60 days from the receipt of the test reportsby the purchaser.13.2 Material that shows unacceptable discontinuities asdetermined by the acceptance standards specified on the order,subsequent to acceptance at the producers works, may berejected, and the producer shall be notified within 60 days, oras otherwise agreed upon.13.3 In the event of disagreement between the producer andthe purchaser on the conformance o
