1、Designation: B493/B493M 081B493/B493M 14Standard Specification forZirconium and Zirconium Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B493/B493M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEAn editorial correction was made in 12.1 in February 2010.1. Scope1.1 This specification2 covers three grades of zirconium and
3、 zirconium alloy forgings.forgings (see 4.1).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from th
4、etwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibil
5、ity of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 Lot Definition:3.1.1 forgi
6、ngs, nparts, including semi-finished products, or complex shapes, produced by hot mechanical work usinghammers, presses, or forging machines; a lot shall consist of a material of the same size, shape, condition, and finish produced fromthe same ingot or powder blend by the same reduction schedule an
7、d the same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreedbetween manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to a singlefurnace load for final batch anneal.4. Classification4.1 The forgings are furnished in three grades as fo
8、llows:4.1.1 Grade R60702Unalloyed zirconium.4.1.2 Grade R60704Zirconium-tin alloy.4.1.3 Grade R60705Zirconium-niobium alloy.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:5.1.1 Quantity (weight and number of pieces),5.1.2 Name of mater
9、ial (zirconium forgings),5.1.3 Finish (Section 9),5.1.4 Dimension (diameter, thickness, length, width, or as specified in appropriate drawings),5.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.6 Grade number (see 3.14.1), and1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactiv
10、e and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008May 1, 2014. Published December 2008June 2014. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 asB493 01 (2003).B493 081. DO
11、I: 10.1520/B0493_B0493M-08E01.10.1520/B0493_B0493M-14.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SB-493 in Section II of that Code.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
12、l Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be t
13、echnically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
14、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.7 Additions to the specification and supplementary requirements, if required, including, but not limited to: product marking(see 17.1), check analysis (see 7.3), inspection (see 13.1), lot definition (see 3.1.1), internal soundness (se
15、e S1.1), and surfacequality (see S2.1) requirements.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 8000-lb zirconium forgings, mechanically descaled, 100 mm by 120 mm by 1.2 m. rectangularbar, ASTM B493/ 493M - 08, Grade R60702.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The forgings shall be formed with c
16、onventional forging equipment normally found in primary ferrous and nonferrous metalplants.6.2 Forgings shall be furnished in the annealed conditions.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7.2 The manufacturersmanufa
17、cturers ingot analysis shall be considered the chemical analysis for forgings, except for hydrogenand nitrogen, which shall be determined on the finished product.7.3 When requested by the purchaser and stated in the purchase order, a check analysis for any elements listed in Table 1 shallbe made on
18、the finished product.7.3.1 The manufacturers analysis shall be considered as verified if the check analysis confirms the manufacturers reportedvalues within the tolerances prescribed in Table 2.8. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements8.1 The material shall be free of injurious imperfections. Mi
19、nor surface imperfections may be removed by spot grinding if suchgrinding does not reduce the dimensions of the finished piece below the minimum permitted by the tolerance for the product.9. Finish and Appearance9.1 The forgings shall have one of the following surface conditions as specified in the
20、purchase order:9.1.1 As forged,9.1.2 Mechanically descaled, or9.1.3 Mechanically descaled and pickled.10. Tensile Requirements10.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall conform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Two tension tests s
21、hall be performed on each lot.11.2 Two chemistry tests for hydrogen and nitrogen content shall be performed on each lot of finished product.11.3 Retests:11.3.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obvious surface contamination or improper preparation disqualifying it as a trulyrepresentative sample, i
22、t shall be discarded and a new sample or specimen substituted.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAElementComposition, %UNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Zirconium + hafnium, minB 99.2 97.5 95.5Hafnium, max 4.5 4.5 4.5Iron + chromium 0.2 max 0.2 to 0.4 0.2 maxTin . 1.0 to 2.0 .Hydrogen, max 0.005 0.
23、005 0.005Nitrogen, max 0.025 0.025 0.025Carbon, max 0.05 0.05 0.05Niobium . . 2.0 to 3.0Oxygen 0.16 0.18 0.18A By agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, analysis may berequired and limits established for elements and compounds not specified in thetable of chemical composition.B Zircon
24、ium is determined by difference.B493/B493M 14211.3.2 If the results of any tests of any lot do not conform to the requirements specified, retests shall be made on additionalforgings of double the original number from the same lot, each of which shall conform to the requirements specified.12. Test Me
25、thods12.1 Tension TestsTension tests shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods E8. Determine the yield strength by theoffset (0.2 %) method. Determine the tensile properties using a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 mm/mm/min. in./in./min. throughthe yield strength. After the yield strength has
26、 been exceeded, increase the cross-head speed to approximately 0.05 mm/mm/min.in./in./min. to failure.12.2 Chemical TestsThe chemical analyses shall be performed according to the standard techniques normally used by themanufacturer.13. Inspection13.1 The manufacturer shall inspect the material cover
27、ed by this specification prior to shipment. If so specified in the purchaseorder, the purchaser or his representative may witness the testing and inspection of the material at the place of manufacture. In suchcases, the purchaser shall state in his purchase order which tests he desires to witness. T
28、he manufacturer shall give ample noticeto the purchaser as to the time and place of the designated tests. If the purchaserspurchasers representative does not presenthimself at the time agreed upon for the testing, the manufacturer shall consider the requirement for the purchasers inspection atthe pl
29、ace of manufacture to be waived.13.2 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector representing the purchaser, without charge, all reasonable facilities to satisfyhim that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. This inspection shall be so conducted as not tointerfere un
30、necessarily with the operation of the works.14. Rejection and Rehearing14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported to theproducer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the te
31、st, the producer or supplier maymake claim for a rehearing.15. Certification15.1 A producersproducers or supplierssuppliers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser certifying that the materialwas manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification and has bee
32、n found to meet therequirements. A report of the test results shall be included as part of the certification.16. Referee16.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifi
33、ed by the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall perform the testsin question. The results of the referees testing shall be used in determining conformance of the material to this specification.TABLE 2 Permissible Variation in Check Analysis BetweenDifferent LaboratoriesElement Permissible V
34、ariationin Product Analysis, %Hydrogen 0.002Nitrogen 0.01Carbon 0.01Hafnium 0.1Iron + chromium 0.025Tin 0.05Niobium 0.05Oxygen 0.02TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsUNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Tensile strength, min, MPa ksi 380 55 415 60 485 70Yield strength, min, MPa ksi 205 30 240 35 380 55
35、Elongation in 50 mm 2 in.,gauge min, %A16 14 16A When a sub-size specimen is used, the gauge length shall be as specified inTestMethods E8 for that specimen.B493/B493M 14317. Product Marking17.1 Unless otherwise specified, each forging over 1 kg 2 lb, manufactured in accordance with this specificati
36、on, shall bemarked legibly, either by stenciling, stamping, or rolling with the manufacturers private identification mark, the ASTMdesignation, the grade, and lot number. On smaller than 1 kg 2 lb forgings, the same information shall be stamped legibly on thecontainer, or on a metal tag securely fas
37、tened to each part or package of parts.18. Packaging and Package Marking18.1 The forgings shall be packaged either in a suitable box or banded on a skid.19. Keywords19.1 zirconium ; zirconium; zirconium alloy forgingSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSS1. S1. SpecialSpecial Internal SoundnessS1.1 Forging shal
38、l be produced with specified internal soundness to be verified by electric test or radiography to standards agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser prior to the acceptance of the order.S2. S2. SurfaceSurface QualityS2.1 The surface quality shall be as agreed upon between the manufactur
39、er and the purchaser.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringemen
40、t of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or fo
41、r additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known
42、 to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).B493/B493M 144
