1、Designation: B88 16Standard Specification forSeamless Copper Water Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B88; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind
2、icates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seam-less copper wate
3、r tube suitable for general plumbing, similarapplications for the conveyance of fluids, and commonly usedwith solder, flared, or compression-type fittings. The type ofcopper water tube suitable for any particular application isdetermined by the internal or external fluid pressure, by theinstallation
4、 and service conditions, and by local requirements.Means of joining or bending are also factors which affect theselection of the type of tube to be used.2NOTE 1Annealed tube is suitable for use with flared or compressionfittings, and with solder-type fittings, provided rounding and sizing of thetube
5、 ends is performed where needed.NOTE 2Drawn temper tube is suitable for use with solder-type fittings.Types K and L tube, in the drawn temper, are suitable for use with certaintypes and sizes of compression fittings.NOTE 3Fittings used for soldered or brazed connections in plumbingsystems are descri
6、bed in ASME B16.18 and ASME B16.22.1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following coppers,and the manufacturer has the option to supply any one of them,unless otherwise specified.CopperUNS No.Previously UsedDesignationDescriptionC12000 DLP Phosphorus deoxidized,low residual phosphorusC12200 DHP P
7、hosphorus deoxidized,high residual phosphorus1.3 The assembly of copper plumbing or fire sprinklersystems by soldering is described in Practice B828.1.4 Solders for joining copper potable water or fire sprinklersystems are covered by Specification B32. The requirementsfor acceptable fluxes for these
8、 systems are covered by Speci-fication B813.1.5 UnitsThis specification is the companion specificationto SI Specification B88M; therefore, no SI equivalents areshown in this specification.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 16, of this specificat
9、ion: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Doc
10、uments2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B32 Specification for Solder MetalB88M Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube (Met-ric)B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin T
11、est) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB813 Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Solder-ing of Copper and Copper Alloy TubeB828 Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering ofCoppe
12、r and Copper Alloy Tube and FittingsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB900 Practice for Packaging of Copper and Copper AlloyMill Products for U.S. Government AgenciesB968/B968M Test Method for Flattening of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubeE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Met
13、allic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.
14、Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B88 14. DOI:10.1520/B0088-16.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplis
15、hed by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix is permitted to be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards v
16、olume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Determine Conformance with Specificati
17、onsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)4E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examina-tion of
18、Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)2.3 ASME Standards:ASME B16.18 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint PressureFittings5ASME B16.22 Wr
19、ought Copper and Copper Alloy SolderJoint Pressure Fittings53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions of terms related to copperand copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.4. Ordering Information4.1 Include the following specified choices when placingorders under this specification, as applicab
20、le.4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,B88 03),4.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. (or other internationallyrecognized alloy) designation (not necessary unless a specificcopper is desired),4.1.3 Nominal or standard size (Column 1 of Table 1) andwhether Type K, L, or M (Sections 3 and 12),4.
21、1.4 Temper (Section 7),4.1.5 Length (see 12.5),4.1.6 How furnished: straight lengths or coils, and4.1.7 Quantity (pieces) of each size and type.4.1.8 If product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.Government, it shall conform to the Supplementary Require-ments as defined herein when specified in th
22、e contract orpurchase order.4.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-fied at the time of the order, when required:4.2.1 Expansion of chemical analysis (see 6.2),4.2.2 Tensile test,4.2.3 Grain size determination (Section 8),4.2.4 Hardness test (Section 9),4.2.5 Expansion test (10.1)
23、,4.2.6 Flattening test (10.2),4.2.7 Microscopical Examination for HydrogenEmbrittlement, Procedure B (10.3.1.1).4.2.8 Heat identification or traceability (5.1.2),4.2.9 Certification,4.2.10 Mill Test Report,4.2.11 Product specification number to be shown on pack-age (see 23.2).5. Materials and Manufa
24、cture5.1 Materials:4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.TABLE 1 Dimensions, Weights, and Toleranc
25、es in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Nominal or Standard Copper Water Tube Sizes(All tolerances are plus and minus except as otherwise indicated)Nominal orStandard Size,in.OutsideDiameter,in.Average OutsideDiameterATolerance, in.Wall Thickness and Tolerances, in.Theoretical Weight, lb/ftType K Type
26、 L Type MAnnealed DrawnWallThicknessToler-anceBWallThicknessToler-anceBWallThicknessToler-anceBType K Type L Type M14 0.375 0.002 0.001 0.035 0.0035 0.030 0.003CC0.145 0.126C38 0.500 0.0025 0.001 0.049 0.005 0.035 0.004 0.025 0.002 0.269 0.198 0.14512 0.625 0.0025 0.001 0.049 0.005 0.040 0.004 0.028
27、 0.003 0.344 0.285 0.20458 0.750 0.0025 0.001 0.049 0.005 0.042 0.004CC0.418 0.362C34 0.875 0.003 0.001 0.065 0.006 0.045 0.004 0.032 0.003 0.641 0.455 0.3281 1.125 0.0035 0.0015 0.065 0.006 0.050 0.005 0.035 0.004 0.839 0.655 0.465114 1.375 0.004 0.0015 0.065 0.006 0.055 0.006 0.042 0.004 1.04 0.88
28、4 0.682112 1.625 0.0045 0.002 0.072 0.007 0.060 0.006 0.049 0.005 1.36 1.14 0.9402 2.125 0.005 0.002 0.083 0.008 0.070 0.007 0.058 0.006 2.06 1.75 1.46212 2.625 0.005 0.002 0.095 0.010 0.080 0.008 0.065 0.006 2.93 2.48 2.033 3.125 0.005 0.002 0.109 0.011 0.090 0.009 0.072 0.007 4.00 3.33 2.68312 3.6
29、25 0.005 0.002 0.120 0.012 0.100 0.010 0.083 0.008 5.12 4.29 3.584 4.125 0.005 0.002 0.134 0.013 0.110 0.011 0.095 0.010 6.51 5.38 4.665 5.125 0.005 0.002 0.160 0.016 0.125 0.012 0.109 0.011 9.67 7.61 6.666 6.125 0.005 0.002 0.192 0.019 0.140 0.014 0.122 0.012 13.9 10.2 8.928 8.125 0.006 + 0.002 0.2
30、71 0.027 0.200 0.020 0.170 0.017 25.9 19.3 16.50.00410 10.125 0.008 + 0.002 0.338 0.034 0.250 0.025 0.212 0.021 40.3 30.1 25.60.00612 12.125 0.008 + 0.002 0.405 0.040 0.280 0.028 0.254 0.025 57.8 40.4 36.70.006AThe average outside diameter of a tube is the average of the maximum and minimum outside
31、diameter, as determined at any one cross section of the tube.BMaximum deviation at any one point.CIndicates that the material is not generally available or that no tolerance has been established.B881625.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be a form of suchpurity and soundness as to be suitable for
32、 processing into theproducts prescribed herein.5.1.2 When specified in the contract or purchase order thatheat identification or traceability is required, the purchasershall specify the details desired.NOTE 4Because of the discontinuous nature of the processing ofcastings into wrought products, it i
33、s not practical to identify specificcasting analysis with a specific quantity of finished material.5.2 Manufacturer:5.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by such hot-working, cold-working, and annealing processes as to producea uniform wrought structure in the finished product.5.2.2 The product sh
34、all be hot- or cold-worked to thefinished size and subsequently annealed, when required, tomeet the temper properties specified.5.2.3 Tube, when furnished in coils, shall be annealed aftercoiling.5.2.4 Tube, when furnished in straight lengths, shall nor-mally be in the drawn temper. Upon agreement b
35、etween themanufacturer or supplier and the purchaser, the manufacturershall have the option to supply annealed straight length tubing.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements in Table 2 for the copper alloy UNS No.designation if specified in the o
36、rdering information.6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser, limits may be established and analysis requiredfor unnamed elements.7. Temper7.1 The standard tempers for products described in thisspecification ar
37、e given in Table 3.7.1.1 Annealed tempers O60, and O50.7.1.2 Drawn temper H58.8. Grain Size for Annealed Tempers8.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, theannealed products furnished under this specification shallconform to the grain requirements prescribed in Table 3.8.2 Acceptance or
38、 rejection based upon grain size shalldepend on the average grain size of a test specimen and shallbe within the limits prescribed in Table 3 when determined inaccordance with Test Methods E112.9. Mechanical Property Requirements9.1 Tensile Strength Requirements:9.1.1 The product furnished under thi
39、s specification shallconform to the tensile requirements prescribed in Table 3,when tested in accordance with Test Method E8/E8M. Actualtesting need not be performed unless specified at time of orderplacement. Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanicalproperties shall depend on tensile strength.9
40、.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirement:9.2.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, theproduct shall conform to the Rockwell hardness requirementprescribed in Table 3, when tested in accordance with TestMethods E18.10. Performance Requirements10.1 Expansion Test:10.1.1 When specified in the con
41、tract or purchase order,tube furnished annealed (O) shall be capable of expansion inaccordance with Test Method B153 to the following extent:Nominal orStandard Size, in.Expansion ofOutside Diameter, %58 and under 40Over58 30The expanded tube shall show no cracking or other defectsvisible to the unai
42、ded eye.10.2 Flattening Test:10.2.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, theflattening test in accordance with Test Method B968/B968Mshall be performed. As an alternative to the expansion test fortube standard sizes 4 in. and over in the annealed condition, asection 4 in. in length shal
43、l be cut from the end of one of thelengths for a flattening test. This 4-in. test specimen shall beflattened so that a gage set at three times the wall thickness willpass over the tube freely throughout the flattened part. The tubeso tested shall develop no cracks or flaws visible to the unaidedeye
44、as a result of this test. In making the flattening test theelements shall be slowly flattened by one stroke of the press.10.2.1.1 During inspection, the flattened areas of the testspecimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of a nature thatdo not interfere with the intended application are acce
45、ptable.10.3 Microscopical Examination for Susceptibility to Hy-drogen Embrittlement:10.3.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C12000 shall beessentially free of cuprous oxide as determined by ProcedureAof Test Methods B577. When Copper UNS No. C12200 issupplied, examination is not required. In case o
46、f a dispute,Procedure C of Test Methods B577 shall be used as the refereemethod.10.3.1.1 Tubes furnished in all coppers shall be capable ofpassing the embrittlement test specified in Procedure B of TestMethods B577. In case of a dispute, Procedure C of TestMethods B577 shall be used as the referee m
47、ethod.11. Other Requirements11.1 Nondestructive Testing Requirements:11.1.1 Each tube up to and including 318 in. in outsidediameter shall be subjected to an eddy-current test. Testingshall follow the procedures of Practice E243, except for thedetermination of “end effect.” Tubes shall be passed thr
48、ough anTABLE 2 Chemical CompositionWeight %Element Copper UNS No.C12000 C12200Copper,Amin 99.90 99.9Phosphorus 0.0040.012 0.0150.040ACopper + silver.B88163eddy-current test unit adjusted to provide information on thesuitability of the tube for the intended application.11.1.1.1 Notch-depth standards,
49、 rounded to the nearest0.001 in., shall be 22 % of the wall thickness. The notch-depthtolerance shall be 60.0005 in. Alternatively, at the option ofthe manufacturer using speed insensitive eddy-current unitsthat are equipped to select a fraction of the maximum unbal-ance signal, the following percent maximum unbalance signalsshall be used:Nominal or StandardTube Size, in.Unbalance SignalMagnitude, max %Up to38, incl 0.212 to 2, incl 0.3Over 2 to 3, incl 0.411.1.1.2 Tubes that do not actuate the signaling device ofthe eddy-current testers shall be con
