1、Designation: B956 10Standard Specification forWelded Copper and Copper-Alloy Condenser and HeatExchanger Tubes with Integral Fins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for heatexchanger tubes manufactured from forge-weld
3、ed copper andcopper alloy tubing in straight lengths on which the external orinternal surface, or both, has been modified by cold formingprocess to produce an integral enhanced surface for improvedheat transfer.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pounds units orSI units are to be regarded sepa
4、rately as the standard. Thevalues stated in each system are not exact equivalents; there-fore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems could result innon-conformance with the specification.1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.1.
5、3 The tubes are typically used in surface condensers,evaporators, and heat exchangers.1.4 The product shall be produced of the following coppersor copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information.Copper or Copper AlloyUNS No.Type of MetalC12000ADLP Phosphorized, low residual phosphorusC12200A
6、DHP Phosphorized, high residual phosphorusC19200 Phosphorized, 1 % ironC19400 Copper-Iron AlloyC23000 Red BrassC44300 Admiralty, arsenicalC44400 Admiralty, antimonialC44500 Admiralty, phosphorizedC68700 Aluminum BrassC70400 95-5 Copper-NickelC70600 90-10 Copper-NickelC70620 90-10 Copper-Nickel (Modi
7、fied for Welding)C71000 80-20 Copper-NickelC71500 70-30 Copper-NickelC71520 70-30 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)C72200 Copper-NickelACopper UNS Nos. C12000, and C12200 are classified in Classification B224.NOTE 1Designations listed in Classification B224.1.5 The following safety hazard caveat
8、pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicabil
9、ity of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB224 Classification of CoppersB543 Specification for Welded Copper and C
10、opper-AlloyHeat Exchanger TubeB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determin-ing Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in CopperAlloysE8 Test Methods for Te
11、nsion Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE54 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Special Brassesand Bronzes3E62 Test Methods for Ch
12、emical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Methods)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE118 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Chromium Alloys3E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE255 Practice for Sampl
13、ing Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical Composition1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. O
14、riginallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B956 072. DOI:10.1520/B0956-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
16、 United States.E478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloysE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For the definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Thi
17、s Standard:3.2.1 enhanced tubetube having a series of metallic ribson the outside or inside surface, or both, either parallel to thelongitudinal axis or circumferentially extended from the tube toincrease the effective surface for heat transfer (Figs. 1-3).3.2.2 unenhanced tubetube made by processin
18、g strip intoa tubular shape and forge welding the edges to make alongitudinal seam with no enhancements on the O.D. or I.D.4. Types of Welded Tube4.1 Reference Specification B543 for the types of forgewelded tube products that will be supplied for the enhancingoperation (Section 6).5. Ordering Infor
19、mation5.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper UNS No. designation (for example, CopperUNS No. C12000),5.1.3 Tube type (Section 4),5.1.4 Temper (Section 8),5.1.5 Dimensions, the d
20、iameter, wall thickness, whetherminimum or nominal wall, and length (Section 14),5.1.6 Configuration of enhanced surfaces shall be agreeupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser (Figs. 1-3),and5.1.7 Quantity.5.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-fied at the time placing th
21、e order, when required:5.2.1 When heat identification or traceability is required,5.2.2 Whether a pressure test is to be used instead of theeddy-current test (13.1),5.2.2.1 Whether a pressure test is be used along with theeddy-current test (13.3 and 13.4),5.2.3 Whether cut ends of the tube are to be
22、 deburred,chamfered, or otherwise treated (Section 15),5.2.4 If the product is to be subsequently welded (see Table1, Footnote E),5.2.5 Certification, if required (Section 23), and5.2.6 Mill test report, if required (Section 24).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufact
23、ure shall be welded tube ofone of the Copper Alloy UNS Nos. listed in 1.1 of such purityand soundness as to be suitable for processing into the productsprescribed herein.6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture
24、:6.2.1 The product shall be manufacture by cold forming theenhancement of the heat transfer surfaces.6.3 Product described by this specification shall typically befurnished with unenhanced ends, but may be furnished withenhanced ends or stripped ends from which the O.D. enhance-ment has been removed
25、 by machining.6.3.1 The enhanced sections of the tube in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed condition produced by theenhancing operation.6.3.2 The unenhanced sections of the tube shall be in theannealed or as-welded temper, and shall be suitable forrolling-in operations.7. Chemical Compo
26、sition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composi-tional requirements in Table 1 for Copper UNS No. designationspecified in the ordering information.NOTEThe outside diameter over the enhanced section will not normally exceed the outside diameter of the unenhanced section.FIG. 1 Outside Di
27、ameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureB956 1027.2 The composition limits do not preclude the presence ofother elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andpurchaser, limits may be established and analysis required forunnamed elements.FIG. 2 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube Nomencl
28、atureFIG. 3 Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper orCopperAlloyUNS No.Composition, %Copper Tin AluminumNickel,inclCobaltLead,maxIron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus ChromiumOtherNamedElementsC12000 99.90 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . 0.0040.012 . . . . . .C12200 99.9 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0150.040 . . .C19200 98.5 minB. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.81.2 0.20 max . . . . . . . . . 0.010.04 . . . . . .C19400 97.0 minB0.03 2.12.6 0.050.20 0.0150.15C23000 84.086.0B. . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 m
30、ax remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C44300 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C44400 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . . . . .C44500 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder
31、 . . . . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . .C68700 76.079.0A,D. . . 1.82.5 . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C70400 remainderA,D. . . . . . 4.86.2 0.05 1.31.7 1.0 max 0.300.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70600 remainderA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.05 1.01.8 1.0 max 1.0 max
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70620 86.5 minA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.02 1.01.8 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S maxC71000 remainderA,D,E. . . . . . 19.023.0 0.05 1.0 max 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . .C71500 remainderA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.05 0.401.0 1.0 max 1.
33、0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C71520 65.0 minA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.02 0.401.0 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S maxC72200 remainderA,B,E. . . . . . 15.018.0 0.05 0.501.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . 0.300.7 0.03 Si max0.03 Ti maxACopper (including silver).BCu
34、 + Sum of Named Elements, 99.8 % min.CCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.6 % min.DCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.5 % min.EWhen the product is for subsequent welding applications, and so specified in the contract or purchase order, zinc shall be 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus0.02 % max, sulfur 0
35、.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 % max.B956 1037.2.1 Copper Alloy C19200 and C19400Copper may betaken as the difference between the sum of results for allspecified elements and 100 %. When all elements specified,including copper, are determined, their sum shall be 99.8 %minimum.7.2.2 For alloys in which c
36、opper is specified as the remain-der, copper may be taken as the difference between the sum ofthe results for all specified elements and 100 % for theparticular alloy.7.2.2.1 When analyzed, copper plus the sum of results forspecified elements shall conform with the requirements shownin the following
37、 table:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus Named Elements,%minC70400 99.5C70600 99.5C70620 99.5C71000 99.5C71500 99.5C71520 99.5C72200 99.87.2.3 For alloys in which zinc is specified as the remainder,either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of the results of specified elements
38、 analyzed and100 %.7.2.3.1 When all specified elements are determined, the sumof results plus copper shall be as follows:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus Named Elements,%minC23000 99.8C44300, C44400, C44500 99.6C68700 99.58. Temper8.1 Tempers, as defined in Classification B601 and thisspecification,
39、are as follows:8.1.1 The tube, after enhancing, shall be supplied, as speci-fied, in the annealed (061) or as-fabricated temper.8.1.1.1 The enhanced sections of tubes in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed condition produced by thefabricating operation.8.1.1.2 The unenhanced sections of t
40、ubes in the as-fabricated temper are in the temper of the tube prior toenhancing, welded and annealed (WO61), welded and lightcold-worked (WC55) and suitable for rolling-in operations.8.2 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 shall be furnished in theannealed tempe
41、r or the stress relieved condition as specified inthe purchase order unless otherwise agreed upon between thepurchaser and the manufacturer.8.3 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C12200, C19200,C19400, C70400, C70600, C71000, C71500, and C72200 arenormally supplied in the temper specified in the purchas
42、e orderwithout stress relief treatment.NOTE 2Some tubes, when subjected to aggressive environments, maybe subject to stress-corrosion cracking because of the residual tensilestresses developed in the enhancing process. For such applications, it issuggested that tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000,
43、 C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 are subjected to a stress relieving thermaltreatment subsequent to the enhancement process. In Specification B359the stress relief anneal is mandatory for brass alloys.9. Grain Size for Annealed Tempers9.1 Samples of annealed temper tubes shall be examined ata magn
44、ification of 75 diameters. The grain size shall bedetermined in the wall beneath the internal enhancement.While there is not grain size range, the microstructure shallshow complete recrystallization and the weld zone shall have astructure typical of hot-forged welds.10. Mechanical Property Requireme
45、nts10.1 Tensile Strength and Yield Strength Requirements:10.1.1 Product furnished under this specification shall con-form to the tensile and yield strength requirements prescribedin Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.10.1.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanicalproperties s
46、hall depend only on tensile strength and yieldstrength.11. Performance Requirements11.1 Expansion Test Requirements:11.1.1 Product in the annealed tempers and the light cold-worked temper shall withstand expansion in accordance withTest Method B153 and to the extent in Table 3.11.1.2 The expanded tu
47、be area shall be free of defects, butblemishes of nature that do not interfere with the intendedapplication are acceptable.11.2 Flattening Test:11.2.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, theflattening test described in the test method section in 19.2.7shall be performed.11.2.2 During i
48、nspection, the flattened areas and edges ofthe test specimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of anature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.11.3 Reverse Bend Test:11.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, thereverse bend test described in the test
49、 method section in 19.2.8shall be performed on unenhanced tubes.11.3.2 The sample shall be free of defects, but blemishes ofnature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.12. Other Requirements12.1 Mercurous Nitrate Test or Ammonia Vapor Test:12.1.1 The mercurous nitrate or ammonia vapor test isrequired only for Copper Alloys UNS Nos. C23000; C44300;C44400; C44500; C60800; and C68700; when purchased if notsupplied in an annealed temper (WarningMercury is adefinite health hazard and therefore equipment for the d
