1、Designation: B987/B987M 14Standard Specification forCarbon Fiber Composite Core (CFCC/TS) for use inOverhead Electrical Conductors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B987/B987M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers carbon fiber reinforced ther-moset matrix composite core strength me
3、mbers for use inreinforcing or supporting overhead electrical conductors.1.2 This specification covers carbon fiber core diametersfrom 0.180 to 0.500 in. 4.57 to 12.7 mm, inclusive.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values state
4、d ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
5、It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this
6、 specification to theextent referenced herein.2.2 ASTM Standards:2D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD3916 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PultrudedGlass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic RodD5117 Test Method for Dye Penetration of Solid Fi
7、berglassReinforced Pultruded StockD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ov-ens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationD7028 Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMATg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechani-cal Analysis (DMA)E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits
8、in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 CFCC (carbon fiber composite core), nconsisting ofcontinuous carbon fiber tows held together by a polymer matrixand protected with a galvanic protection barrier layer.3.1.2
9、CFCC/TS (carbon fiber composite core/thermosetmatrix), nconsisting of continuous carbon fiber tows heldtogether by a polymer matrix where the polymer is specificallya thermosetting polymer. The carbon fiber composite core isprotected with a galvanic protection barrier layer.3.1.3 core, nsee CFCC or
10、CFCC/TS.3.1.4 design validation tests, nthe purpose of these tests isto verify the suitability of the CFCC/TS design, materials, andmethod of manufacturing to meet the requirements in thisspecification. To ensure compliance with this specification,these tests shall be repeated whenever the design, m
11、anufactur-ing method or the materials have changed. The results ofdesign validation tests are to be recorded and are consideredvalid for the whole class of CFCC/TS.3.1.5 DMA (dynamic mechanical analyzer), na devicethat measures the Tgof a polymer matrix or composite bysubjecting the sample to an osc
12、illating stress while heating thespecimen at a given heating rate.3.1.6 galvanic protection barrier layer, na layer thatprevents the carbon fiber of the composite core from makingcontact with the aluminum strands used in the conductor.3.1.7 glass transition temperature (Tg), na temperaturewhere the
13、polymer matrix properties transition from a hard,glassy state to a rubbery state. This temperature is defined to bethe temperature at which a curve defined by plotting lossmodulus versus temperature reaches its peak value.3.1.8 loss modulus, nrepresents the viscous portion of thepolymer matrix respo
14、nse to the simultaneous application ofheat and stress; is proportional to the energy dissipated as heatby the composite sample in the DMA and reaches a maximum1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
15、B01.07 onConductors of Light Metals.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published September 2014. DOI:10.1520/B0987/B0987M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informat
16、ion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1value when the polymer matrix in the composite transitionsfrom the glassy to the rubbery state (Tg).3.1.9 lot, nunles
17、s otherwise specified in the contract ororder, a lot shall consist of all coils of CFCC/TS of the samediameter, produced from one continuous run of a fiber setup,submitted for inspection at the same time.3.1.10 matrix volume fraction, nthe amount of matrixresin relative to fiber in a composite core.
18、 The matrix volumefraction is calculated by subtracting the area of the glass andcarbon fibers from the total area of the part and then dividingby the total area of the part.3.1.11 polymer matrix, na high molecular weight organicmaterial consisting of repeating chemical structures.3.1.12 production
19、unit, na reel, spool, or other package ofCFCC/TS that represents a single usable length.3.1.13 routine tests, ntests that are performed by themanufacturer, and are intended to prove conformance to thespecific requirements.3.1.14 sample, na length of composite core removed fromthe start or end of a C
20、FCC/TS lot, and considered to haveproperties representative of the lot.3.1.15 specimen, na length of composite core taken froma lot of CFCC/TS for testing purposes.3.1.16 tow, na bundle, containing multiple fibers. Towsizes range from 1 K (1000 fibers per bundle) to 50 K (50 000fibers per bundle).4.
21、 Classification4.1 CFCC/TS is furnished in grades, either, standard, high,or extra high strength. as specified, in conformance with therequirements of Sections 919, and meets the minimumrequirements shown in Table 2. (see Explanatory Note 1).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this
22、specification shall includethe following information:5.1.1 Quantity and lengths of each size,5.1.2 CFCC/TS diameter in inches or millimetres (Section12),5.1.3 Grade (either standard strength, high strength, or extrahigh strength),5.1.4 Certification (Section 23),5.1.5 Test report, if required (Secti
23、on 23),5.1.6 Package type (Section 24), and5.1.7 Order example: Five (5) lengths of 24 000 ft 7300 meach, 0.375 in. 9.53 mm CFCC/TS, high strength grade,packaged onto wood nonreturnable reels, with certified testreport.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The CFCC/TS shall consist of carbon fibers of sui
24、tabletype that are combined with a suitable heat resistant thermosetpolymer matrix, and encased in a galvanic protection barrierlayer.6.1.1 The galvanic protection barrier shall meet the require-ments set forth in this specification including thickness, mini-mum bending diameter, and dye penetrant a
25、fter bending.6.2 The CFCC/TS shall meet the requirements set forth inthis specification, including tensile strength, glass transitiontemperature (Tg) and minimum bending diameter.7. Classes of CFCC/TS7.1 The classes of CFCC/TS products shall be designated bythe individual manufacturer and are design
26、s that meet thespecified strength grade, and are further defined as havingcores with the following properties:7.1.1 Meet the specified grade of strength.7.1.2 The area ratio of carbon fiber plus matrix resin togalvanic protection layer is held within 610 %.7.1.3 The nominal matrix volume fraction is
27、 held within63 % in a given strength grade of CFCC/TS.7.1.4 Use the same thermoset polymer matrix resin (includ-ing any fillers that are added to the polymer matrix) and samegalvanic protection system (including any fillers).7.1.5 Have a core diameter within 615 % of the baselinediameter used for de
28、sign validation tests (see Explanatory Note2).8. Test Classifications and Number of Tests and Retests8.1 Test requirements are classified as either design valida-tion tests or routine tests as indicated in Table 1.8.2 Design Validation Tests:8.2.1 The manufacturer shall provide to the purchaser test
29、reports that support the CFCC/TS meets the requirements inthese sections.8.3 Routine Tests:8.3.1 The manufacturer shall test each production lot usingsamples of core of sufficient length to run all testing andpotential retests. The samples shall be taken from the start andend of the lot. Specimens f
30、rom each sample shall be subjectedto the required testing.8.3.2 Upon request from purchaser, the manufacturer shallprovide test reports that support the CFCC/TS meets therequirements in these sections.8.4 Retesting:8.4.1 Should one or more of the test specimens from thesample fail any of the tests s
31、pecified, the nonconforming lotmay be subjected to retesting (see Explanatory Note 3).TABLE 1 Design Validation and Routine Test ClassificationsTestDesignValidation TestRoutine TestTensile Test X XGlass Transition Temperature X XDensity X XDimensions X XHeat Exposure XHeat/Stress Test XBending Test
32、XDye Penetrant after Bending Test XTensile Test after Bending Test XGalvanic Protection Barrier LayerThickness TestXXB987/B987M 1428.4.2 For retest purposes, three (3) additional specimensmay be cut from the original samples from the nonconforminglot and tested for the property in which the original
33、 specimenfrom the lot failed to comply. Retests shall be performed usingthe area (start or end) of the lot that failed.8.4.3 Should any of the retest specimens fail to meet theproperty specified, the lot represented by the test specimenshall be rejected.9. Tensile Test9.1 The CFCC/TS shall conform t
34、o the tensile strengthrequirements prescribed in Table 2.9.2 Tensile tests on the finished CFCC/TS shall be con-ducted in accordance with the test methods and definitionssection of Test Method D3916 (see Explanatory Note 4).9.3 Calculation of tensile properties shall be based on thetotal cross secti
35、onal area of the core including the galvanicprotection layer.10. Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) Test10.1 The glass transition temperature (Tg) shall be deter-mined in accordance with Test Method D7028.10.2 The CFCC/TS DMA specimen shall be machined intoa rectangular shape that meets the requireme
36、nts described inTest Method D7028.10.3 Prior to measurement in the DMA, the specimens shallbe preconditioned at a temperature of 212F 100C for 24 hto determine the dry Tgof the CFCC/TS. The specimen shouldbe kept in a desiccator after preconditioning until testing, inaccordance with Test Method D702
37、8.10.4 The peak in the loss modulus shall be used to deter-mine the Tg(see Explanatory Note 5). The Tgvalue shall meetthe requirements in Table 2.11. Density11.1 For the purpose of calculating mass per unit length,cross-sections and so forth, the actual density of the CFCC/TSshall be used in the det
38、ermination. Density may be calculatedfrom mass divided by volume or determined in accordancewith Test Method D792.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The specified diameter of the CFCC/TS shall beexpressed in decimal fractions of an inch to three decimalplaces, or in millimetres to two dec
39、imal places.12.2 The diameter shall be the average of the largest andsmallest measured diameters at the same cross section, roundedto the nearest 0.001 in. 0.01 mm in accordance with therounding method of Practice E29. Measurements shall beevenly spaced around the circumference of the cross sectiona
40、nd a minimum of three measurements shall be taken.12.3 The average diameter shall not differ by more than60.002 in. 0.05 mm from the nominal diameter of theCFCC/TS.13. Bending Test (See Explanatory Note 6)13.1 Perform one test each on the start and end of the lot.Test specimens shall not fracture, i
41、ncluding the galvanicprotection barrier, when the CFCC/TS is wrapped 180 degreesaround a cylindrical mandrel then loaded to 15 % of its ratedtensile strength and held for 60 s.TABLE 2 Physical Properties (see Explanatory Note 1)PropertyStandard StrengthGradeHigh StrengthGradeExtra High StrengthGrade
42、Ultimate TensileStrength, min250 ksi (1724 MPa) 310 ksi (2137 MPa) 375 ksi (2586 MPa)Thermoset PolymerMatrix Tg,min355F 180C to 482F 250C 355F 180C to 482F 250C 355F 180C to 482F 250CGalvanic LayerThickness, min0.020 in.0.50 mm0.020 in.0.50 mm0.020 in.0.50 mmHeat ExposureCapacity, min95 % retention
43、of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposure95 % retention of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposure95 % retention of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposureBending Diameter, min 100 times diameter of CFCC/TS 50 times diameter of CFCC/TS 60 times diameter of CFC
44、C/TSTensile ModulusA16.2 Msi(111.7 GPa)16.2 Msi(111.7 GPa)21.2 Msi(146 GPa)Thermal Expansion CoefficientAmanufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 %Density at 20CAmanufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal
45、 value 5 %Maximum continuousoperating temperatureheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20Cheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20Cheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20CAFor informational purposes only; see manufacturer for specific valu
46、es.B987/B987M 14313.1.1 The diameter of the cylindrical mandrel shall beequal to the minimum bending diameter in Table 2.13.1.2 The section of the composite core that is in directcontact with the mandrel shall be marked so that after thebending test, this section can be easily identified to performp
47、ost testing analysis.13.2 After completion of the bending test, the specimenshall be checked visually for fracturing, such as peeling of thefibers from the surface of the composite or a compressive typeof failure. These types of fractures constitute failure.13.3 If the specimens exhibit no visible f
48、ractures as de-scribed in 13.2, then the test specimens shall be subjected to theadditional testing described in Sections 14 and 15.14. Dye Penetrant Testing After Bending Test14.1 One specimen taken from either of the two bendingtests described in Section 13 shall be subjected to the dyepenetrate t
49、est. Specimens for dye penetrate testing shall betaken from the part of the bending test specimen that was indirect contact with the mandrel (where the highest stresseswould occur).14.1.1 To detect the presence of any cracks that may haveformed inside the composite core during the bending test, aminimum of five specimens shall be tested in accordance withTest Method D5117.14.1.2 Specimens shall be placed in the dye penetrant bathin the vertical position, with the bottom surface submerged inthe dye
