1、Designation: C 1038 04Standard Test Method forExpansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored inWater1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan-sion of mortar bars made using hydraulic cement, of whichsulfate is an
3、 integral part.1.1.1 WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures arecaustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. Values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport t
4、o address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C
5、109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determinationof Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste
6、, Mortar, andConcreteC 511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC 778 Specification for Standard SandC 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in the
7、 PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsC 1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarD 1193 Specification for Reagent Water3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used to determine the amount ofexpansion of a mortar bar when it is stored in water. Theamount of mortar-bar expansion may r
8、elate to the amount ofsulfate in the cement; expansion may become excessive whenthe cement contains too much sulfate.3.2 Some cement specifications limit the amount of sulfatecontained in hydraulic cement by requiring that the amount ofexpansion in water not exceed a specified value.4. Apparatus4.1
9、Reference Masses and Mass-Determining Devices, con-forming to the requirements of Specification C 1005. Evaluatethe device for precision and bias at a total load of 2 Kg.4.2 Glass Graduates, Molds, and Length Comparator, con-forming to the requirements of Specification C 490.4.3 Moist Cabinet or Roo
10、m, conforming to the requirementsof Specification C 511.4.4 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle, conforming to the require-ments of Practice C 305.4.5 Trowel and Tamper, conforming to the requirements ofTest Method C 109.5. Temperature and Relative Humidity5.1 Molding Room, Dry Materials, and Mixing WaterMainta
11、in the temperature of the molding room, dry materials,and mixing water at 23.0 6 4.0 C, and maintain the relativehumidity of the molding room at not less than 50 %.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Mixing WaterPotable water is satisfactory for routinetests. For all cooperative tests and in case of disput
12、e, usereagent water conforming to the numerical limits of Type III ofSpecification D 1193.6.2 Graded SandSand for making the test specimens shallconform to the requirements for graded standard sand inSpecification C 778.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand i
13、s the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.28 on Sulfate Content.Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published August 2004. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 1038 01e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM C
14、ustomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Procedure7.1 Number and Dimen
15、sions of Test SpecimensMake four25 by 25 by 285-mm, or 1 by 1 by 1114-in. test specimens foreach cement. The effective gage length of these specimens is250 mm (10 in.).NOTE 1In routine tests, 25 by 25 by 160-mm, or 1 by 1 by 614-in.specimens may be used; however, in case of dispute, results obtained
16、 with25 by 25 by 285-mm, or 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens shall govern. Theeffective gage length of this specimen is 125 mm (5 in.).7.2 Specimen MoldsPrepare the specimen molds in accor-dance with the requirements of Specification C 490, exceptcover the interior surfaces of the mold with a release ag
17、ent. Arelease agent will be acceptable if it serves as a parting agentwithout affecting the setting of the cement and without leavingany residue which will reduce the penetration of water into thespecimen.NOTE 2TFE-fluorocarbon tape complies with the requirements for amold release agent.7.3 Proporti
18、oning, Consistency, and Mixing of Mortar:7.3.1 The quantity of dry materials required to prepare four25 by 25 by 285-mm or 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens is 500 gof cement and 1375 g of graded sand. Use an amount of mixingwater that produces a flow of 110 6 5 as determined by theflow table after 25 dr
19、ops in 15 s as described in Test Method C1437. Record the amount of water used to the nearest millilitre.7.3.2 Mix the mortar in accordance with the proceduredescribed in Practice C 305.7.4 Molding Test SpecimensImmediately upon comple-tion of mixing, remove the paddle and the bowl from the mixerand
20、 shake the excess mortar from the paddle into the bowl. Fillthe mold in two layers, compacting each layer with the tamper.Work the mortar into the corners, around the gage studs, andalong the surfaces of the mold with the tamper until ahomogeneous specimen is obtained. After the top layer hasbeen co
21、mpacted, cut the mortar off flush with the top of themold and smooth the surface with a few strokes of the trowel.8. Storage of Test Specimens8.1 Initial StorageImmediately upon completion of mold-ing, place the test specimens in the moist cabinet or moistroom. Keep all test specimens in the molds i
22、n the moist cabinetor moist room for 22.5 6 0.5 h with upper surfaces exposed tothe moist air but protected from dripping water. After this time,remove the specimens from the molds, properly identify, andplace in water or saturated lime water maintained at 23.0 6 2.0C for at least 30 min prior to ma
23、king the initial measurement.8.2 Subsequent StorageAfter the initial measurement,store the test specimens in saturated lime water in a tank in themoist cabinet or moist room. Cover the specimens with at least5-mm (14-in.) of water during storage. Keep the storage waterclean by changing as necessary.
24、 Use a tank and lime waterconforming to the requirements of Specification C 511.9. Length Change Measurement9.1 Remove the specimens from water storage, one at atime, and wipe only the gage studs with a damp cloth beforemeasuring. Make length-comparator readings. The effectivegage length of specimen
25、s is 250 mm or 10 in. for the standardmold size.9.2 Make the first reading at the age of 24 h 6 15 min fromthe time the cement and water are mixed together. Makeadditional length-comparator readings at the age of 14 days.NOTE 3Additional information of value may be obtained by makinglength-comparato
26、r readings of the specimens at ages earlier and later than14 days.10. Calculation and Report10.1 Calculate the change in length of the specimen at 24 hand at 14 days to the nearest 0.001 % of the effective gagelength and report as the expansion of the specimen at thatperiod. Report the average lengt
27、h of change of the fourspecimens to the nearest 0.001 %.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision statements are ap-plicable when replicate samples are made using the sameportland cement at fixed water content.11.1.1 The single-operator standard deviation has beenfound to be 0.0016
28、5 % for expansions between 0.0075 and0.011 %. Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests bythe same operator on the same material should not differ fromeach other by more than 0.005 %.11.1.2 The multi-laboratory standard deviation has beenfound to be 0.00287 % for expansions between 0.0075 a
29、nd0.0115 %. Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests onthe same material in two different laboratories should not differfrom each by more than 0.008 %.11.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference materialsuitable for determining the bias for the procedure in TestMethod C 1038 for measurin
30、g the expansion of the barspecimens, no statement on bias is being made.12. Keywords12.1 hydraulic cement; mortar-bar expansion; sulfate; sul-fate contentC1038042ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this st
31、andard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be rev
32、iewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsi
33、ble technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C1038043
