1、Designation: C1073 97a (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forHydraulic Activity of Ground Slag by Reaction with Alkali1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1073; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the rapid determination ofhydraulic activity of ground-granulated iron blast-furnace
3、 slag.This test method measures the accelerated strength develop-ment of the slag by using sodium hydroxide solution as mixingwater and curing at elevated temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety co
4、ncerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific warningstatement is given in Section 6.1.4 The text of this standard
5、 references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-notes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered asrequirements of this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (
6、Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor T
7、est Methods for Construction MaterialsC778 Specification for SandC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concreteand Mortars3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions are given in Terminology C125 and C219.3.2 Description of Term Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 slag, ngranulated blast-fur
8、nace slag as defined inTerminology C125 and ground to cement fineness.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method can be used as a quality-control test forslag production from a single source after adequate correlationwith tests stipulated in Specification C989.4.2 This test method may be used as an
9、 evaluation techniquefor slag, when an appropriate correlation with various fine-nesses of slags from a specific source ground in a specificlaboratory mill has been previously developed.4.3 The hydraulic activity as measured by this test methodon ground-slag samples can provide guidance to a manufac
10、-turer as to fineness level required to maintain a certain level ofhydraulic activity.4.4 While this test method is intended primarily as a qualitycontrol test, some studies have shown that the test method iscapable of evaluating the hydraulic activity of slags fromdifferent sources.5. Apparatus5.1
11、Three-Gang Molds for 2-in. or 50-mm Cubes andCompression Test Machine, as specified in Test Method C109/C109M (Note 1).NOTE 1Silicone grease is recommended for protection of moldsurfaces from the caustic solution in this test.5.2 Mixer, as specified in Method C305.5.3 Curing Chamber, capable of main
12、taining a temperatureof air or water bath of 55 6 2C.5.4 Containers, capable of holding one three-cube mold inan essentially vapor-tight condition. If polyethylene or otherplastic bags are used, they shall have a closure of the zip type.If rigid containers are used, they shall have tight sealing cov
13、ers(Note 2). The acceptability of containers shall be determinedby measuring the water loss after curing in air or the gain after1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.27 on Ground Slag.
14、Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published September 2012. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C107397a(2003).DOI: 10.1520/C1073-97AR11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
15、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.curing in water bath. Water loss shall be less than 15 mL in aircuring
16、 or gain less than 5 mL in water-bath curing.NOTE 2Plastic boxes designed for household storage of celery with abottom grid have given good service.6. Materials6.1 Graded Standard SandThe sand used for making testspecimens shall be natural silica sand conforming to therequirements for graded standar
17、d sand in Specification C778.6.2 Reagent Sodium Hydroxide Solution (20 %):6.2.1 Prepare fresh daily using boiled distilled water andreagent grade sodium hydroxide (NaOH).6.2.2 Dissolve 200 g of sodium hydroxide in 1 L of distilledwater and cool to room temperature. WarningAll work withthis highly ca
18、ustic solution should be completed with the use ofgloves, apron, and face mask.NOTE 3One litre will provide enough solution for eight three-cubebatches. More or less solution in these proportions should be madedepending on the number of batches to be mixed during the day.7. Procedure7.1 BatchThe qua
19、ntities of materials to be mixed at onetime in the batch of mortar for making three or six specimensshall be as follows:Number of Specimens36Slag, g 250 500Sand, g 687.5 1375NaOH solution, mL 112.5 2257.2 Preparation of SpecimensPrepare specimens in accor-dance with Test Method C109/C109M, except th
20、at the mixingwater shall be replaced by the volume of NaOH solution equalto the volume of water which would give a water/slag ratio of0.45 by mass.7.3 CuringImmediately upon completion of moldingplace each three-cube mold in a container. Add approximately50 mL of water into the container at the mold
21、 base in order toassure 100 % relative humidity during the curing cycle. In thecase where plastic bags are employed, special care should beexercised to avoid tearing the plastic during handling. Place thecontainer and molds in the curing chamber maintained at 55 62C. If water curing is used, rigid c
22、ontainers shall be requiredand the water temperature shall be controlled to the prescribedtemperature and a minimum 5 mL of water shall cover thecontainers. At the end of 23 614 h remove the molds from thecuring chamber and examine each container for leaks. If morethan 15 mL of water has escaped or
23、more than 5 mL of waterhas entered, discard the specimens and retest. Remove thespecimens from the mold and store in room air until tested.7.4 Determination of Compressive StrengthTest the speci-mens for compressive strength at 24 612 h in accordance withTest Method C109/C109M.8. Calculation8.1 Calc
24、ulate the compressive strength of the specimens inaccordance with Test Method C109/C109M.9. Faulty Specimens and Retests9.1 Faulty specimens and the need for retest shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Method C109/C109M.10. Report10.1 The average strength in MPa rounded to the nearest 0.1MPa a
25、t 24 h shall be reported as the hydraulic activity of thesample. For example, HydraulicActivity with NaOH: 7.3 MPa.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision statements weredeveloped using data generated from an interlaboratory testprogram. Nine laboratories participated in the prog
26、ram andtested three slags with varied hydraulic activity. Duplicate testswere performed on different days. Revisions to the precisionstatements shall be made as more comprehensive data becomeavailable.11.1.1 The precision statements are applicable when a testresult is the average of compressive stre
27、ngths of three cubesmolded from a single batch of mortar and tested at the sameage.11.1.2 The multilaboratory coefficient of variation has beenfound to be 8.1 % (Note 4). Therefore, results of properlyconducted tests of single batches by two different laboratoriesshould not differ by more than 22.9
28、% of their average (Note4).11.1.3 The single-laboratory coefficient of variation hasbeen found to be 4.6 % (Note 4). Therefore, results of twoproperly conducted tests of single batches of mortar made withthe same materials either on the same day or within the sameweek should not differ from each oth
29、er by more than 13.0 % oftheir average (Note 4).NOTE 4These numbers represent respectively the (Is) and (d2s) limitsas described in Practice C670.11.2 BiasThe procedure in this test method has no biassince the hydraulic activity is defined only in terms of the testmethod.12. Keywords12.1 ground slag
30、; hydraulic activity; slagC1073 97a (2011)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and
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33、ldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C1073 97a (2011)3
