1、Designation: C 1104/C 1104M 00 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced MineralFiber Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1104/C 1104M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption
2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amountof water vapor sorbed
3、 by mineral fiber insulation exposed to ahigh-humidity atmosphere. This test method is applicable onlyto fibrous base material and binder. The results obtained by thistest method cannot be used in describing faced products, sincethe facing is not tested by using this test method.1.2 The water vapor
4、sorption characteristics of materialsmay be affected by conditions such as elevated temperatures orchemical exposures. Values obtained as a result of this testmethod may not adequately describe the water vapor sorptioncharacteristics of materials subjected to these conditions.1.3 The values stated i
5、n either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theinch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values statedin each system are not exact equivalents, therefore, eachsystem must be used independently of the other.1.4 This standard does not purport t
6、o address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 167 Te
7、st Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanketor Batt Thermal InsulationsC 302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC 303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and A
8、cceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 The term sorption has been adopted for this testmethod, since mineral fiber insulation may absorb
9、 water withinits bulk when viewed macroscopically, while it adsorbs wateronto individual fibers on a microscopic scale.(1) sorptionrefers to the taking up and holding of matterby other matter by various processes such as absorption andadsorption.(2) absorptionrefers to the taking up of matter in-bul
10、k byother matter; for example, the penetration of substances intothe bulk of another solid or liquid.(3) adsorptionrefers to surface retention or adhesion ofan extremely thin layer of molecules to the surfaces of solids orliquids with which they are in contact.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The insula
11、tion is dried to a constant weight and exposedto a high-humidity atmosphere for 96 h. The amount of watersorbed from the vapor phase is the difference in specimenweights, and is expressed in either weight or volume percent.5. Significance and Use5.1 The sorption of water can result in an increase in
12、 weightand a resultant potential degradation of the properties of theinsulation.6. Apparatus6.1 Air-circulating oven, capable of maintaining a tempera-ture between 102 and 121C (215 and 250F).6.2 Desiccator, with calcium chloride as a desiccant.6.3 Scale, accurate to 60.1 % of specimen weight.1This
13、test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on ThermalInsulation Finishes and Vapor Transmission .Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition ap
14、proved in 2000 as C 1104/C 1104M 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Internati
15、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 Environmental test chamber, capable of maintaining atemperature of 49 6 2C (120 6 3F) and a relative humidityof 95 6 3%.6.5 Steel rule, graduated in 1 mm or 0.05 in. intervals withdepth gauge as described i
16、n Test Methods C 167.6.6 Sealable polyethylene sample bags of a size largeenough to accommodate the test specimens (for blanket, board,or pipe thermal insulations).6.7 Non-water-sorbing, non-corrosive tray with tight-fitting lid measuring at least 15 by 15 cm (6 by 6 in.) (forloose-fill insulations)
17、.7. Sampling and Test Specimens7.1 Three specimens shall be tested, unless otherwise statedin the appropriate material specification. These are to beobtained from one representative package of insulation. Sam-pling techniques should be in accordance with Practice C 390.7.2 For blanket and board prod
18、ucts, the test specimen shallbe of a size that can be conveniently tested in the environmen-tal chamber, but not smaller than 15 by 15 cm (6 by 6 in.) bythe full sample thickness. For pipe insulation products, use a 15cm (6 in.) length and as much of the circumference as can beconveniently tested. F
19、or loose-fill products, the test specimenshall consist of sufficient quantity of the material to fill apreweighed container measuring at least 15 by 15 cm (6 by 6in.), to a nominal depth at its nominal density.7.3 The insulation shall be tested without facing or jacket-ing, unless otherwise agreed u
20、pon by the purchaser andsupplier, or unless otherwise specified by the appropriatematerial specification.8. Procedure A, for Blanket, Board, and Pipe InsulationProducts8.1 If it is necessary to determine volume percent, measurethe dimensions of the specimens using 8.1.1, 8.1.2,or8.1.3.8.1.1 For blan
21、ket products, measure the length and width ofthe specimens using a steel rule. Measure the thickness of thespecimens by means of the depth gage as stated in Test MethodC 167.8.1.2 For board products, measure the dimensions of thespecimens using the test methods stated in Test Method C 303.8.1.3 For
22、pipe products, measure the dimensions of thespecimens using the test methods stated in Test Method C 302.8.1.4 Calculate the volume of the specimens. If requested,the volume may be based on the nominal thickness rather thanthe measured thickness, but this must be included in the report.8.2 Determine
23、 the moisture-free weight of each specimen inthe manner described in 8.2.1.8.2.1 Weigh the specimen. Place the specimen in an air-circulating oven at a temperature of 102 to 121C (215 to250F) for a minimum of 2 h. (See Note 1.) Cool the specimento room temperature in a desiccator and reweigh. Repeat
24、 theprocess until successive weighings agree to within 0.2 % of thespecimen weight obtained in the latest weighing. Record thisweight as the moisture-free weight.NOTE 1When drying at the specified temperature has been shown toadversely affect the insulation, the specimen may be dried to moisture-fre
25、eweight in a desiccator at room temperature. However, the drying timebetween successive weighings should then be extended to at least 24 h.8.3 Bring the specimens to a uniform temperature in anoven of not less than 60C (140F) and then transfer to theenvironmental chamber. Either suspend the specimen
26、s or placeon a grid within the chamber in order to ensure air circulationaround the specimens. Protect the specimens from condensatedripping from the chamber ceiling by using a slanting falseroof immediately above the specimens.8.4 Allow the specimens to remain in the environmentalchamber for 966 4
27、h at a temperature of 49 6 2C (12063F) and at a relative humidity of 95 6 3 %. Then place eachspecimen in its own pre-weighed sample bag, seal the bag, andremove from the chamber. Allow the bag containing thespecimens to cool to room temperature and weigh. Subtract thebag weight from the obtained we
28、ight. Record this as thespecimen weight after testing.9. Procedure B, for Loose-Fill Insulation Products9.1 If it is necessary to determine volume percent, measurethe length and width of the pre-weighed sample trays, using asteel rule. Apply the insulation at its nominal or requestedthickness and de
29、nsity by pouring or blowing it into the sampletray. Measure the thickness of the specimens by means of adepth gauge. Calculate the volume of the specimens.9.2 Determine the moisture-free weight of each specimen inthe manner described in 9.2.1.9.2.1 Weigh the sample tray containing the specimen. Plac
30、ethe specimen in an air-circulating oven at a temperature of 102to 121C (215 to 250F) for a minimum of 2 h. (See Note 1.)Place the pre-weighed lid on the sample tray, cool the specimento room temperature, and reweigh. Remove the lid and repeatthe process until successive weighings agree to within 0.
31、2 % ofthe specimen weight obtained in the latest weighing. Subtractthe tray weight from the total obtained weight of the tray andspecimen. Record this weight as the moisture-free weight ofthe specimen.9.3 Remove the lids and bring the specimens to a uniformtemperature of not less than 60C (140F), an
32、d then transfer tothe environmental chamber. Place the trays horizontally withinthe chamber and place the lids next to the trays. Protect thespecimens from condensate dripping from the chamber ceilingby using a slanting false roof immediately above the speci-mens.9.4 Allow the specimens to remain in
33、 the environmentalchamber for 96 6 4 h at a temperature of 49 6 2C (120 63F) and at a relative humidity of 95 6 3 %. Then place the lidon each sample tray and remove from the chamber. Allow thetray containing the specimen to cool to room temperature andweigh. Subtract the tray weight from the obtain
34、ed weight.Record this as the specimen weight after testing.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the percentage water vapor sorption byweight and by volume using Eq 1, Eq 2, and Eq 3.10.1.1 Water sorbed from the vapor phase,weight percent 5W22 W1!W13 100 (1)where:C 1104/C 1104M 00 (2006)2W2= specimen weight
35、 after test, andW1= moisture-free weight of specimen.10.1.2 Water sorbed from the vapor phase,volume percent 5W22 W1! 3 1001 g/cm3! 3 V(2)where:W2and W1= are in grams,V = is the samples volume in cm3, and1 g/cm3= is the density of water.10.1.3 An alternative method of calculating volume percentis sh
36、own in Eq 3:Water sorbed from the vapor phase, volume percent5Water sorption, weight percent! 3 Sample density!Density of water(3)where the sample density and the density of water are in thesame units, such as g/cm3, lb/ft3, or lb/in.311. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Name
37、 and any additional identification of the mate-rial tested,11.1.2 Thickness of the material,11.1.3 Number of specimens tested,11.1.4 Applied density (for loose fill only),11.1.5 The average percent water sorption by weight for thespecimens, and11.1.6 The average percent water sorption by volume for
38、thespecimens, if requested. Note that when reporting volumepercent, the weight percent and specimen density must also bereported.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Interlaboratory Test ProgramInterlaboratory studieswere run in which randomly drawn test specimens of twomaterials were tested for moisture sorp
39、tion. The density of thetwo materials was 1 lb/ft3(16 kg/m3) and 3.2 lb/ft3(50 kg/m3).Practice E 691 was followed for the design and analysis of thedata. all oof the test specimens were provided by a singlelaboratory. the details are given inASTM Research Report NO.C1610243.12.2 Test Results The pre
40、cision information given belowin units of measurements noted is for the comparision of testresults.12.3 PrecisionLight DensityMineral FiberHeavy DensityMineral FiberNumber of Laboratories 3 3Sorption by Weight, Average Value 2.1% 0.9%95% repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.60% 0.18%95% reprodu
41、cibility limit (between laboratories) 0.88% 0.52%Sorption by Volume, Average Value 0.03% 0.05%95% repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.01% 0.01%95% reproducibility limit (between laboratories) 0.02% 0.03%12.4 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe procedure in Test Method C1104 f
42、or measuring moisturesorption because no material having an accepted referencevalue is available.13. Keywords13.1 mineral fiber insulation; water vapor sorptionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this stan
43、dard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be revie
44、wed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsibl
45、e technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
46、shohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).3Available from ASTM Headquaters, request RR:C161024.C 1104/C 1104M 00 (2006)3
