ASTM C1138M-2005 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)《混凝土耐磨性的标准试验方法(水下法)》.pdf
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1、Designation: C 1138M 05Standard Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1138M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining therelative resistance of concrete (including concrete overlays andimpregnat
3、ed concrete) to abrasion under water (see Note 1).This procedure simulates the abrasive action of waterborneparticles (silt, sand, gravel, and other solids).NOTE 1Other procedures are available for measuring abrasion resis-tance of concrete surfaces not under water. These include Test MethodsC 418,
4、C 779, and C 944.1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to beregarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal
5、th practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 42/C 42M Test Method for Obtaining and
6、Testing DrilledCores and Sawed Beams of ConcreteC 418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete bySandblastingC 642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids inHardened ConcreteC 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC 779/C 779
7、M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance ofHorizontal Concrete SurfacesC 944 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete orMortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter MethodE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and RockwellSuperficial Hardness of Metallic Materials3. Significance and Use3.1 This test m
8、ethod is intended to qualitatively simulate thebehavior of swirling water containing suspended and trans-ported solid objects that produce abrasion of concrete andcause potholes and related effects.3.2 This test method should provide a relative evaluation ofthe resistance of concrete to such action.
9、3.3 The results are expected to be useful in selection ofmaterials, mixtures, and construction practices for use wheresuch action is to be expected.3.4 The test method is not intended to provide a quantitativemeasurement of the length of service that may be expectedfrom a specific concrete.4. Appara
10、tus4.1 Rotating DeviceA drill press or similar device with achuck capable of holding and rotating the agitation paddleunder test conditions at a speed of 1200 6 100 rpm shall beused.4.2 Test ContainerA steel pipe, 305 6 6-mm (12 614-in.) inside diameter by 450 6 25-mm (18 6 1-in.) high,fitted with a
11、 watertight steel base shall be used (see Fig. 1).4.3 Agitation PaddleThe agitation paddle shall be asshown in Fig. 2.4.4 Abrasive ChargesSeventy grade 1000 chrome steelgrinding balls with nominal sizes as specified in Table 1 shallbe used. The steel of which the balls are made shall have aRockwell
12、C-scale hardness of 65 6 5 as determined by TestMethods E18. The balls shall have a smooth texture and noapparent mold seam (see Note 2).NOTE 2An abrasive charge meeting the requirements of Table 1 willhave a mass of approximately 1530 to 1900 g (3.8 to 4.2 lb). When themass of the charge approaches
13、 the lower limit, replace the undersize orunderweight balls not complying with Table 1.4.5 ScalesA platform scale having a capacity of at least45 kg (100 lb) or more and accurate to within at least 5.0 g(0.01 lb) at any point within the range used in this test shall be1This test method is under the
14、jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.62 on Abrasion Testing.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2005. Published January 2006. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C 1138 97.2Section on
15、 Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standard
16、s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.used. The scale shall be equipped with a suitable apparatus forsuspending the sample in its container in water from the centerof the weighing
17、platform.4.6 Weighing BasketA wire basket or other suitable sup-port shall be provided for weighing the specimen in water. Theweighing basket shall be constructed to prevent entrapping airwhen it and the specimen are submerged.4.7 Water TankA suitable watertight tank into which thebasket and the spe
18、cimen can be suspended below the scaleshall be furnished.4.8 Seating BlockA minimum of three steel blocks 25 by25 by 25 mm (1 by 1 by 1 in.) shall be used to support thespecimen.5. Test Specimens5.1 The test specimen shall be cylindrical in shape, havinga diameter approximately 6-mm (14-in.) less th
19、an that of theinside diameter of the test container and a height of 100 6 13mm (4 612 in.). It may be molded from freshly mixedconcrete or cored from hardened concrete (see Note 3). Coresshall be taken in accordance with Methods C 42.NOTE 3Specimens should be tested at an age appropriate for themate
20、rial being evaluated. Most testing done to date has been done at 28days. Concretes containing pozzolans should be tested at an age thatallows development of appropriate strength. Toppings and impregnatedconcretes should be tested at an age appropriate for the material and incompliance with the manuf
21、acturers recommendations. The appropriatetesting age may also depend upon when the concrete will be put intoservice.5.2 If the specimen has a membrane curing compound onthe surface, remove it completely by steel wire brushing priorto the soaking period.5.3 Soak the specimen in lime-saturated water o
22、r in thewater to which the concrete shall be subjected in service for aminimum of 48 h prior to testing.5.4 Determine the average diameter of the top surface of thespecimen to be tested to the nearest 2 mm (116 in.) byaveraging two diameters measured at right angles to each other.This average diamet
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