1、Designation: C1157/C1157M 11C1157/C1157M 17Standard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1157/C1157M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic cements for both general and special applications. There are no restrictions
3、on the composition of the cement or its constituents (See Note 1).NOTE 1There are two related hydraulic cement standards, Specification C150 for portland cement and Specifications C595 for blended cements, bothof which contain prescriptive and performance requirements1.2 This performance specificati
4、on classifies cements based on specific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optional requirements are provided for the property of low reactivity withalkali-silica-reactive aggregates and for air-entraining cements.1.3 The values
5、 stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standar
6、d. Values in SI units or inch-pound units shall be obtained bymeasurement in SI units or inch-pound units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding givenin IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SI units when inch-p
7、ound unitsare not used in practice.1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety conc
8、erns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally reco
9、gnized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method
10、 for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing
11、 of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic CementC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydrauli
12、c Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)1 This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct respons
13、ibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on HydraulicCements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011June 15, 2017. Published October 2011August 2017. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 asC1157C1157 11.10. DOI: 10.1520/C1157_C1157M-11.10.1520
14、/C1157_C1157M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is
15、 intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the
16、current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C359 Test Method for Early
17、Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Mortar Method)C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 45-m (No. 325) SieveC441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion of ConcreteDue to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC451 Test Method for E
18、arly Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Paste Method)C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic CementC1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038 Test Method for Expansion of
19、 Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in WaterIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C219.4. Classification and Use4.1 The types of hydraulic ce
20、ment covered by this specification are given in 4.2.1 4.2.6 and are classified in accordance withspecific properties defined in Table 1 (See Note 2).NOTE 2This specification is based on hydraulic cement attributes related to concrete performance, including strength development, sulfate resistance,he
21、at of hydration, and resistance to alkali-silica reactivity. Concrete performance is dependent on many factors such as characteristics of other concretematerials, mix design, production, handling, and environmental conditions. For performance properties of concrete, including permeability, resistanc
22、e tofreeze-thaw cycles and deicer salt scaling, additional information may be obtained through the use of comparative testing of concretes.4.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be designated in accordance with the nomenclature with specialcharacteristics indicated by type in accordance
23、with the types in 4.2.1 4.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirements oftype GU shall apply.4.2.1 Type GUHydraulic cement for general construction. Use when one or more of the special types are not required.4.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.4.2.3 Type MSModerate Sulfate Resistance.4.2.4 Typ
24、e HSHigh Sulfate Resistance.4.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.4.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.4.3 Additional OptionsThe following additional purchase options apply for any of the principal types listed. When one or bothof these options is invoked, its letter designation and title shall foll
25、ow immediately after the respective letter designation and titleof the principal type (for example, Type MS(R) or Type MS(A).4.3.1 Option R (low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactive aggregates)When tested for potential activity with reactiveaggregates, the cement shall meet the requirements of Tab
26、le 1 for Option R.4.3.2 Option A (air-entraining)Air-entraining cements shall meet the air content requirements of Table 1 for Option A.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of this specification shall include:5.1.1 The specification designation ASTM C1157, and date,5
27、.1.2 The type of cement required. If no type is specified, Type GU shall be supplied.5.1.3 A statement that an option is invoked, when such is desired, and5.1.4 Manufacturers certification, if required.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not specified. However, the
28、cement shall be analyzed for informationalpurposes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of the applicable standard physical requirements of Table 1.7.2 When optional requirements are specified, the cement shall conform to the applicable optional limits of Table
29、 1.8. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser requires that the cement be sampled and tested to verify compliance with this specification, sample inaccordance with Practice C183. Provide adequate facilities for sampling the finished cement. Sample the finished cement at themill or at the site of transfer of
30、ownership as may be specified by the purchaser.C1157/C1157M 1728.2 Practice C183 is not designed for manufacturing quality control and is not required for manufacturers certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing a cement for compliance with this specification, or for general characterization, use
31、 the following methods,with modifications or exceptions as indicated.9.2 Chemical AnalysisChemically analyze the cement using Test Methods C114 for major and minor oxides present ingreatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition, constitute at least 98 % of the total mass of the cement.9
32、.3 Fineness:9.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C204.9.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve by Test Method C430.9.4 Determine autoclave expansion by Test Method C151, except that for cements with 1-day compressive strengths anticipatedto be below 3.4 MPa 500 psi, store the t
33、est specimen in a moist cabinet for a period of 48 h before demolding and measuringtheir length.9.5 Determine the time of setting using Test Method C191. Only the time of initial setting is required.TABLE 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement Type ApplicableTest Method GU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C20
34、4,C430A A A A A AAutoclave length change, max, % C151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testB C191Initial, not less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 420 420 420 420 420Air content of mortar volume, max, %C C185 12 12 12 12 12 12Compressive strength
35、minimum, MPa psiDC109/C109M1 day . 12.0 1740 . . . .3 days 13.0 1890 24.0 3480 11.0 1600 11.0 1600 5.0 725 .7 days 20.0 2900 . 18.0 2610 18.0 2610 11.0 1600 11.0 160028 days 28.0 4060 . . 25.0 3620 . 21.0 3050Heat of hydration C1867 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg28 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg.290 70.250 6029
36、0 70Mortar bar expansion C103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion(sulfate resistance)EC10126 months, max, %1 year, max, %.0.10.0.050.10.Optional Physical RequirementsOption AAir entrainingC,F C185Air content ofmortar, vol %max 22 22 22 22 22 22min 16 16 16 16 16 16Opt
37、ion RLow reactivity withalkali-silica-reactive aggregatesGC227Expansion at14 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Early stiffening, finalpenetration, min,%C451 50 50 50 50 50 50Compressive strength,D28 days, min, MPaC109/C109M . . 28.0 . 22.0 .Drying
38、 shrinkage, % C596 .H .H .H .H .H .HA Both amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shall be reported on all certificatesof test results requested from the manufacturer.B Time of setting refers to initial setting tim
39、e in Test Method C191.CA given value of air content in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desired air content will be obtained in concrete.D Cements may be shipped prior to later-age test data being available. In such cases, the test value may be left blank.Alternatively, the manufacturer c
40、an generally provideestimates based on historical production data. The report shall indicate if such estimates are provided.E In the testing of HS cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6-month limit.An HS cement failing the 6-month limit shall not be rejectedunl
41、ess it also fails the 1-year limit.FWhen this option is invoked, it replaces the maximum air content of mortar listed in the default table requirements. The minimum compressive strength of air-entrainingcements shall be no less than 80 % of that of the comparable non-air-entraining cement type.G Com
42、pliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.HAt the request of the purchaser, data on drying shrinkage shall be supplied.C1157/C1157M 1739.6 Test the mortar for air content using Test Method C185 using the actual density of the c
43、ement, as determined by Test MethodC188, if it differs from 3.15 Mg/m3 by more than 0.05 Mgm3.9.7 Determine compressive strength using Test Method C109/C109M. Tests shall be conducted at each age specified in Table1.9.8 Determine heat of hydration using Test Method C186.9.9 Determine sulfate resista
44、nce using Test Method C1012.9.10 Determine reactivity of cement with alkali-silica-reactive aggregate (Option R) using Test Method C227 using crushedborosilicate glass, as described in Test Method C441, as aggregate.9.11 Determine early stiffening using Test Method C451 (See Note 3).NOTE 3Additional
45、 characterization information may be obtained with Test Method C359.9.12 Determine mortar bar expansion using Test Method C1038 using a 14-day immersion period.9.13 Determine drying shrinkage using Test Method C596.10. Testing Time Requirements10.1 The purchaser shall make necessary arrangements for
46、 shipment of samples to the testing laboratory.Add the time requiredfor transport to the laboratory to the minimum time intervals allowed from receipt of the samples by the testing laboratory.10.2 The minimum time allowed from receipt of samples by the testing laboratory to the report of test result
47、s shall bedetermined by the required age of specimen at the time of testing plus seven days.10.3 A written report of results of applicable tests shall be available within not more than three days of the interval indicatedin 10.2.10.4 These time limits do not apply to retesting or additional testing.
48、 Such testing shall not provide the basis for initialacceptance or rejection of the cement (See Note 4).NOTE 4Aging effects on small samples of cement stored for long periods of time can produce test results that are not representative of the freshcement nor of cement stored in large quantity for eq
49、ual periods of time.11. Testing by the Manufacturer11.1 Test samples of cement for compliance with this specification, and for chemical analysis, air content, and fineness.Location and frequency of sampling are at the discretion of the manufacturer and are permitted to be changed upon agreementbetween the purchaser and supplier. Sampling and testing shall be either part of, or in addition to, the manufacturers normal qualitycontrol.11.2 Special Testing:11.2.1 The following requirements fo
