1、Designation: C142/C142M 10C142/C142M 17 American Association of StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No. T112Standard Test Method forClay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C142/C142M; the number immediately following the
2、 designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers t
3、he approximate determination of clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of t
4、he other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.NOTE 1Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11 designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given inparentheses for information only.1.3 This standard does not pur
5、port to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed i
6、n accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1
7、ASTM Standards:2C33C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and V
8、olume for Use in the Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C125.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is of primary signifi
9、cance in determining the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requirementsof Specification C33C33/C33M.5. Apparatus5.1 BalanceA balance or scale accurate to within 0.1 % of the mass of the test sample at any point within the range of use.Balances shall conform to the accuracy of the applic
10、able sections of Specification C1005.5.2 ContainersRust-resistant containers of a size and shape that will permit the spreading of the sample on the bottom in athin layer.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsib
11、ility of Subcommittee C09.20 onNormal Weight Aggregates.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2010March 15, 2017. Published January 2011May 2017. Originally approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 asC14297(2004).C142/C142M10. DOI: 10.1520/C0142_C0142M-10.10.1520/C0142_C0142M-17.2 Fo
12、r referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to pro
13、vide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the
14、 standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 SievesSieves conforming to Specification E11.5.4 Drying OvenAn oven providing free circulation of air and cap
15、able of maintaining a temperature of 110 6 5 C 230 610 F.6. Samples6.1 Aggregate for this test method shall consist of the material remaining after completion of testing in accordance with TestMethod C117. To provide the quantities designated in 5.36.3 and 5.46.4, it may be necessary to combine mate
16、rial from more thanone test by Test Method C117.6.2 Dry the aggregate to substantially constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5 C 230 6 10 F.6.3 Test samples of fine aggregate shall consist of the particles coarser than a 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve and shall have a massnot less than 25 g.6.4 Separate t
17、he test samples of coarse aggregate into different sizes, using the following sieves: 4.75-mm (No. 4), 9.5-mm(38-in.), 19.0-mm (34-in.), and 37.5-mm (112-in.). The test sample shall have a mass not less than indicated in the following table:Size of Particles Making UpTest SampleMass of Test Sample,m
18、in, g4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to 38-in.) 10009.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to 34-in.) 200019.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 3000Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 50006.5 In the case of mixtures of fine and coarse aggregates, separate the material on the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, and prepare thesamples of fine and coarse aggregat
19、es in accordance with 5.36.3 and 5.46.4.7. Procedure7.1 Determine the mass of the test sample to the accuracy specified in 4.15.1 and spread it in a thin layer on the bottom of thecontainer, cover it with distilled water, and soak it for a period of 24 6 4 h. Roll and squeeze particles individually
20、between thethumb and forefinger to attempt to break the particle into smaller sizes. Do not use the fingernails to break up particles, or pressparticles against a hard surface or each other. Classify any particles that can be broken with the fingers into fines removable bywet sieving as clay lumps o
21、r friable particles. After all discernible clay lumps and friable particles have been broken, separate thedetritus from the remainder of the sample by wet sieving over the sieve prescribed in the following table:Size of Sieve for RemovingSize of Particles Making Up Residue of Clay Lumps andSample Fr
22、iable ParticlesFine aggregate (retained on1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve)850-m (No. 20)4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to 38-in.) 2.36-mm (No. 8)9.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to 34-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)19.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)Perform the wet sieving by passing water ov
23、er the sample through the sieve while manually agitating the sieve, until allundersize material has been removed.7.2 Remove the retained particles carefully from the sieve, dry to substantially constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5 C230 6 10 F, allow to cool, and determine the mass to the neares
24、t 0.1 % of the mass of the test sample as defined in 5.36.3 or5.46.4.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percent of clay lumps and friable particles in fine aggregate or individual sizes of coarse aggregate as follows:P 5M 2R!/M# 3100 (1)where:P = percent of clay lumps and friable particles,M = mass of
25、test sample (for fine aggregate the mass of the portion coarser than the 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve as described in5.3), andM = mass of test sample (for fine aggregate the mass of the portion coarser than the 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve as described in6.3), andR = mass of particles retained on designated sie
26、ve as determined in accordance with 6.2.R = mass of particles retained on designated sieve as determined in accordance with 7.2.8.2 For coarse aggregates, the percent of clay lumps and friable particles shall be an average based on the percent of clay lumpsand friable particles in each sieve size fr
27、action weighted in accordance with the grading of the original sample before separationC142/C142M 172or, preferably, the average grading of the supply represented by the sample. Should the aggregate contain less than 5 % of any ofthe sizes specified in 6.17.1, that size shall not be tested but, for
28、the purpose of calculating the weighted average, shall beconsidered to contain the same percent of clay lumps and friable particles as the next larger or next smaller size, whichever ispresent.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Precision3The estimate of the precision of this test method is provisional and is
29、based on samples of one fine aggregatethat was tested by ten different operators at nine different laboratories. For that sample, the average “percent of clay lumps andfriable particles” in the aggregate was 1.2 %, and the standard deviation was 0.6 %. Based on this standard deviation, theacceptable
30、 range of two test results on samples from the same aggregate sent to different laboratories is 1.7 %.9.2 BiasSince there is no acceptable reference material for determining the bias for the procedure in this test method, nostatement is being made.10. Keywords10.1 aggregates; clay lumps; friable par
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35、ress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C09-1016.C142/C142M 173
