1、Designation: C1523 10C1523 17Standard Test Method forDetermining Modulus, Tear and Adhesion Properties ofPrecured Elastomeric Joint Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1523; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for measuring modulus, tear, joint move
3、ment ability and adhesionproperties of applied, Precured Elastomeric Joint Sealants, hereinafter referred to as “applied seal” and if not applied, hereinafterreferred to as “seal,” on portland cement mortar as a standard substrate and or other substrates. It tests these properties after dry,wet, fro
4、zen, heat aged or artificially weather-aged conditionings, or both.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with
5、its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any similar standard published by another co
6、mmittee ororganization.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization T
7、echnical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC1375 Guide for Substrates Used in Testing Building Seals and SealantsC1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering ApparatusD1566 Termin
8、ology Relating to RubberG113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic MaterialsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus f
9、or Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C717 for definitions of the following terms used in this test method: adhesive failure,cohesive failure, primer, modulus,
10、and standard conditions and to Terminology D1566 for tear and to Terminology G113 fordefinitions related to artificial weathering.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Model joints are prepared, the seal is adhered to the substrate utilizing an adhesive sealant specified by the manufacturer,hereinafter refer
11、red to as adhesive, then exposed to a variety of conditionings such as heat, cold, artificial weathering or waterimmersion.Aspecific set of specimens can go through each conditioning or separate specimens can be used for each conditioning.After exposure the test specimens are subjected to an elongat
12、ion (strain) and held at this elongation for as long as is desired. The1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on Adhesion.Current edition approved March 1, 2010June 1, 2017. Published Ma
13、rch 2010June 2017. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous approved in 20042010 asC152304.10. DOI: 10.1520/C1523-10.10.1520/C1523-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume inf
14、ormation, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately
15、depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
16、 19428-2959. United States1elongation (joint expansion) is performed with a tensometer to obtain tensile-forces during the pull. One aspect of the test has theapplied seal cut in the middle of the joint and then elongated and the degree of tear propagation noted. After the initial strain thesamples
17、can be subjected to cycles of repeated strain. The samples can also be tested to destruction. The movement test and teartest can be done on separate sets of test specimens or done sequentially with the same test specimen.5. Significance and Use5.1 Seals are manufactured in flat extruded shapes and a
18、re primarily used to span joint openings. The seal is adhered toconstruction substrates utilizing a liquid applied adhesive, to seal building openings such as panel joints, metal flashing joints orother joints in place of conventional liquid applied sealants. In actual use, failure of an applied sea
19、l in an active joint is usuallymanifested by cohesive failure of the seal; adhesive failure between the adhesive and the substrate; adhesive failure between theadhesive and the seal; cohesive failure of the substrate or tear propagation parallel to the joint length.5.2 This test method can be used f
20、or testing the adhesion of the adhesive to the substrate and to the seal, tensile load at variousstrains and tear resistance at various strains after the specimens are exposed to wet, cold, hot and artificial weatheringconditionings. All or some of these properties are experienced on actual job site
21、s.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, capable of producing a tensile load on the specimen at a rate of 50 6 5 mm (2.0 6 0.20 in.)/min.,and with a recording chart to show load strain values (tensile modulus).6.1.1 Fixed MemberA fixed or essentially stationary member carrying one gr
22、ip.6.1.2 Movable MemberA movable member carrying one grip.6.1.3 GripsThe grips should be suitable to firmly grasp the test fixture that holds the test specimen.6.1.4 Grip FixtureA fixture capable of being held by the grips and furnishing a tensile force to the sealant specimen.6.2 Spatulas, for use
23、in applying the adhesive.6.3 Caulking Gun, for extruding adhesive from cartridges.6.4 Primer, if applicable.6.5 Adhesive.6.6 Seal.6.7 SpacerPieces of rigid material that help to maintain a joint opening of 12 mm (0.5 in.) while preparing the test specimen.6.8 Substrates2 substrate samples are requir
24、ed for each test specimen. The substrate sample size shall be determined by thesize of the test machine grips, yet they must be of a size to allow the application of a 50 6 5 mm (2 6 0.2 in.) long seal.6.9 Freezer, 18 6 2C (0 6 3.6F).6.10 Oven, 70 6 2C (158 6 3.6F).6.11 Apparatus, in accordance with
25、 Practice G151 and G154, or G155 and C1442.6.12 Stencil Knife, or similar instrument (5 mm cutting width).7. Test Specimen7.1 The standard joint configuration used in this test method shall be the bridge joint application as shown in Fig. 1.NOTE 1Other joint configurations such as beveled bridge joi
26、nt application and/or U-joint application in place or in addition to the standard jointconfiguration may be specified for the test with the seal sample.While the beveled bridge joint application (Fig. 2) is similar in function and the calculationFIG. 1 Standard Substrate Test Specimen AssembliesC152
27、3 172of test values to the standard joint configuration, different considerations have to be taken into account with the U-joint application (Fig. 3): (1) The actualjoint opening of 12 mm (0.5 in.) will be reduced by the thickness of the seal and the adhesive, and (2) The size of the unbonded loop o
28、f the seal determinesto a great extend the flexibility and expandability of the seal (Fig. 3).7.2 Two substrate samples are required for each test specimen assembly as shown in Fig. 1.7.2.1 Initial Joint Opening (Width)Standard opening (width) for this test is 12 mm (0.5 in.).NOTE 2Joint openings ot
29、her than the standard width may be specified for the test with the seal sample.7.2.2 Length of Applied SealStandard length for this test is 50 mm (2 in.).7.3 The standard substrate used in this test method shall be portland cement mortar.NOTE 3Other substrates such as EIFS, brick, wood, aluminum, pl
30、astic, metal or other in place or in addition to the standard substrate may be specifiedfor the test with the seal sample. Any substrate other than the standard substrate has to be sized to fit the testing equipment.7.3.1 Mortar BlockPrepare mortar blocks according to Section 7 of Guide C1375.7.4 Pr
31、eparation of Test SpecimenCondition substrates, adhesive, (and primer if needed) and seal for at least 24 h at standardconditions. Prime the substrate surface if required. Apply the adhesive at a specified thickness and width according to themanufacturers suggestion on the surface of the substrate,
32、next to the joint opening and apply the seal into the wet adhesiveaccording to the manufacturers suggestion while maintaining a joint opening of 12 mm (0.5 in.) as shown in Fig. 1.NOTE 4Care must be taken to bring the adhesive neatly to the edge of the test block and extra adhesive should be cleaned
33、 of the bridging sectionof the seal.NOTE 5Three test specimen assemblies per condition should be prepared for each substrate and each desired test(s) (Modulus/Adhesion or Tear, orboth). It may be beneficial to prepare three extra specimen assemblies in the event one or more samples are unusable.FIG.
34、 2 Beveled Bridge Joint ConfigurationFIG. 3 U-joint ConfigurationFIG. 4 Test Specimen Showing 5 mm Cut in the Middle of the Seal for Tear Propagation TestingC1523 1738. Conditioning8.1 Condition (cure or set up time for adhesive) specimens for 21 days (or for a shorter time if indicated by the manuf
35、acturer)at standard conditions of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.conditions.8.2 Following completion of the cure or set up of the adhesive as outlined in 8.1, test specimen samples after the followingseparate conditionings:8.2.1 Dry/Room TemperatureTest samples at 23 6 2C (73.4
36、 6 3.6F).8.2.2 Water ImmersionCompletely immerse test specimens in distilled or deionized water for 24 h or any multiple of 24 h at23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F). Remove specimens one at a time. Start testing each specimen immediately (within one hour) afterremoval from water.8.2.3 FrozenCondition specimens
37、in a 18 6 2C (0 6 3.6F) freezer for 24 h or any multiple of 24 h. Remove specimensone at a time. Start testing each specimen immediately (start test within 3 min) after removal from the freezer.NOTE 6Temperatures lower than noted in 8.2.3 may be specified for the test with the Seal sample.8.2.4 Heat
38、Condition specimens in a 70 6 2C (158 6 3.6F) oven for 24 h or any multiple of 24 h. Remove specimens oneat a time. Start testing each specimen immediately (start test within 3 min) after removal from the oven.NOTE 7Temperatures higher than noted in 8.2.4 may be specified for the test with the Seal
39、sample.8.2.5 Artificial WeatheringUse apparatus that conforms to the requirements defined in Practice C1442 unless otherwise agreedon or specified. Because of differences in test conditions, test results may differ with the type of device used. Consult PracticesG154 and G155 for differences in the s
40、pectral power distributions of the exposure sources and Practice C1442 for the differencesin test parameters in the two types of apparatus specified. The test cycles have been used by historical convention and may notadequately simulate the effects of outdoor exposure of sealants. Other cycles can b
41、e used by mutual agreement of all concernedparties.8.2.5.1 Fluorescent UV/Condensation ApparatusOperate the device in accordance with the procedure in C1442, Section 7.3.8.2.5.2 Xenon Arc Light ApparatusOperate the device in accordance with the procedure in C1442, Section 7.2.Tear propagates perpend
42、icular to the length of the joint as shown above, left; or at any angle leading to the joint wall as shown above, right. In each case tear stopsat the joint wall with an intact unbroken joint length on both sides of at least 12.5 mm.FIG. 5 Partial TearTear propagates parallel to the joint wall and o
43、pens one side or both sides.FIG. 6 TearC1523 1748.2.5.3 Position the specimens with the sealant facing the light source at the specified distance from the source. Specimensshould be confined to an exposure area in which the irradiance is at least 90 % of the irradiance at the center of the exposure
44、area.Unless it is known that irradiance uniformity meets this requirement, use one of the procedures described in Practice G151, Section5.1.4 to ensure equal radiant exposure on all specimens or to compensate for differences within the exposure chamber. In deviceswith rotating specimen racks, fill t
45、he empty spaces with blank metal panels in order to properly maintain the test conditions withinthe exposure chamber.NOTE 8Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of nonmetallic materials.8.2.5.4 The minimum exposure is 2500 h and additional exposure is in
46、 500 h increments in the fluorescent UV/condensationapparatus and in the xenon arc apparatus operated at an irradiance level of 0.51 W/(m2 nm) at 340 nm. For xenon arc apparatusoperated at another irradiance level, see Annex A1.2 in C1442 for determination of minimum exposure time and additionalexpo
47、sure increments to obtain the same radiant exposure as at an irradiance of 0.51 W/(m2 nm) at 340 nm. The exposure durationshall be sufficient to produce a statistically significant change of the property evaluated in a material known to give poorperformance when used in the application of interest.
48、After exposure, remove specimens one at a time and start testing eachspecimen immediately (within one hour).NOTE 9Note in test report artificial weathering apparatus used, the irradiance level and actual time (in hours) the specimens were weathered.9. Testing Procedure9.1 For Movement, Cohesion and
49、Adhesion (Bond-Line Force) TestingMeasure and record the actual initial joint opening andlength of applied seal prior to loading of test specimen into equipment. Secure specimen in the grips of the tensile testing machineand extend at a rate of 50 6 5 mm (2 6 0.2 in.)/min to a preset elongation of X %, of the initial joint opening. Where X is 12.5 %or a multiple of 12.5 % and hold for 1 h and or additional 1 h segments. Record the initial tensile load and the tensile load afterthe holding time at the maximum set elongation.After
