1、Designation: C330/C330M 14C330/C330M 17Standard Specification forLightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C330/C330M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime consider
3、ations arereducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are notintended for job control of concrete.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4、 eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.2.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as sta
5、ndard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.NOTE 1This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory ligh
6、tweight aggregates for most concrete. It is recognized that it may be eithermore or less restrictive than needed for some conditions and for special purposes, such as fire resistance, fill, and concrete constructions, the use of whichis based on load tests rather than conventional design procedures.
7、1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Tr
8、ade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in AggregateC31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the FieldC33C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC39/C39M Test Method for Compressive
9、 Strength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC40C40/C40M Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for ConcreteC114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Relative
10、 Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine AggregateC136C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse AggregatesC142C142/C142M Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in AggregatesC151C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC157/C157M Test Me
11、thod for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the LaboratoryC496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC567C567/C567M Test Method for Determining Density of Struc
12、tural Lightweight ConcreteC641 Test Method for Iron Staining Materials in Lightweight Concrete AggregatesC666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and ThawingC702C702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size1 This specification is under the jurisdict
13、ion of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.21 onLightweight Aggregates and Concrete.Current edition approved April 15, 2014May 1, 2017. Published May 2014July 2017. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in
14、20132014 asC330C330/C330M13.14. DOI: 10.1520/C0330_C0330M-14.10.1520/C0330_C0330M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary p
15、age on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that
16、 users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
17、nshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D75D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates3. Aggregate Types3.1 Two general types of lightweight aggregates are covered by this specification, as follows:3.1.1 Aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag,
18、clay, diatomite, fly ash,shale, or slate, and3.1.2 Aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff.3.2 The aggregates shall be composed predominately of lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material.4. Chemical Composition4.1 Lightweight aggregates shall n
19、ot contain excessive amounts of deleterious substances, as determined by the followinglimits:4.1.1 Organic Impurities (Test Method C40C40/C40M)Lightweight aggregates that, upon being subjected to test for organicimpurities, produce a color darker than the standard shall be rejected, unless it is dem
20、onstrated that the discoloration is due to smallquantities of materials not harmful to the concrete.4.1.2 Staining (Test Method C641)An aggregate producing a stain index of 60 or higher shall be rejected when the depositedstain is found upon chemical analysis to contain an iron content, expressed as
21、 Fe2O3 equal to or greater than 1.5 mg/200 g ofsample.4.1.3 Loss on Ignition (Test Methods C114)The loss on ignition of lightweight aggregates shall not exceed 5 %.NOTE 2Some aggregates may contain carbonates or water of hydration that contribute to loss on ignition but may not affect the quality of
22、 the product.Therefore, when evaluating an aggregate, consideration should be given to the material characteristics that cause the ignition loss.5. Physical Properties5.1 Lightweight aggregate under test shall meet the following requirements:5.1.1 Clay Lumps and Friable ParticlesThe total amount of
23、clay lumps and friable particles shall not exceed 2 % by dry mass.5.1.2 GradingThe grading shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 1.NOTE 3The surfaces of pyro-processed lightweight aggregate particles finer than 75 m (No. 200) sieves are not deleterious and may be moderatelypozzolanic.5.1.
24、3 Uniformity of GradingTo ensure reasonable uniformity in the grading of successive shipments of lightweight aggregate,fineness modulus shall be determined on samples taken from shipments at intervals stipulated by the purchaser. If the finenessmodulus of the aggregate in any shipment differs by mor
25、e than 7 % from that of the sample submitted for acceptance tests, theaggregate in the shipment shall be rejected, unless the supplier demonstrates that it will produce concrete of the requiredcharacteristics.5.1.4 Loose Bulk Density (Test Method C29/C29M)The dry loose bulk density of lightweight ag
26、gregates shall conform to therequirements shown in Table 2 using a 14 L 12 cubic foot measure.5.1.5 Uniformity of Loose Bulk DensityThe dry loose bulk density of lightweight aggregate shipments sampled and tested,shall not differ by more than 10 % from that of the sample submitted for acceptance tes
27、ts, and shall not exceed the limits in Table2.5.1.6 Relative DensityWhen specified, the relative density shall be determined in accordance with 8.10.5.2 Concrete specimens containing lightweight aggregate under test shall meet the following requirements:5.2.1 Compressive Strength (Test Method C39/C3
28、9M), Density (Test Method C567C567/C567M), and Splitting Tensile Strength(Test Method C496/C496M) Compressive strength and density shall be an average of three specimens and the splitting tensilestrength shall be the average of eight specimens. It shall be possible to produce structural concrete usi
29、ng the lightweight aggregatesTABLE 1 Grading Requirements for Lightweight Aggregate for Structural ConcreteNominal Size DesignationPercentages (Mass) Passing Sieves Having Square Openings25.0 mm(1 in.)19.0 mm(34 in.)12.5 mm(12 in.)9.5 mm(38 in.)4.75 mm(No. 4)2.36 mm(No. 8)1.18 mm(No. 16)300 m(No. 50
30、)150 m(No. 100)75 m(No. 200)Fine aggregate:4.75 mm to 0 . . . 100 85100 . 4080 1035 525 .Coarse aggregate:25.0 m to 4.75 mm 95100 . 2560 . 010 . . . . 01019.0 mm to 4.75 mm 100 90100 . 1050 015 . . . . 01012.5 mm to 4.75 mm . 100 90100 4080 020 010 . . . 0109.5 mm to 2.36 mm . . 100 80100 540 020 01
31、0 . . 010Combined fine and coarse aggregate:12.5 mm to 0 . 100 95100 . 5080 . . 520 215 0109.5 mm to 0 . . 100 90100 6590 3565 . 1025 515 010C330/C330M 172under test, so that from the same batch of concrete one or more of the compressive strength requirements and splitting tensilestrength requiremen
32、ts in Table 3 will be satisfied without exceeding the corresponding maximum density values.NOTE 4Intermediate values for strength and corresponding density values shall be established by interpolation. Materials that do not meet theminimum average splitting tensile strength requirement may be used p
33、rovided the design is modified to compensate for the lower value.5.2.2 Natural Aggregates Natural aggregates, when used to replace part, or all, of the lightweight-aggregates shall complywith the applicable requirements of Specification C33C33/C33M. The test report shall record the proportion of all
34、 ingredients andthe characteristics of the natural aggregates to ensure compliance with these minimum requirements.5.2.3 Drying Shrinkage The drying shrinkage of concrete specimens prepared, cured, and tested in accordance with 8.4 shallnot exceed 0.07 %.5.2.4 PopoutsConcrete specimens prepared in a
35、ccordance with 8.4 and 8.5, and tested in accordance with Test MethodC151C151/C151M shall show no surface popouts.5.2.5 Resistance to Freezing and ThawingWhen required, the aggregate supplier shall demonstrate by test or proven fieldperformance that the lightweight aggregate when used in concrete, h
36、ad the necessary resistance to freezing and thawing to performsatisfactorily in its intended use.6. Sampling6.1 Sample lightweight aggregates in accordance with Practice D75D75/D75M.6.2 Reduce sample to test sizes in accordance with Practice C702C702/C702M.7. Number of Tests7.1 Tests on AggregatesOn
37、e representative sample is required for each test for organic impurities, staining, loss on ignition,grading, bulk density, and clay lumps.7.2 Tests on ConcreteAt least three specimens are required for each of the following tests of concrete: compressive strength,shrinkage, density, resistance to fr
38、eezing and thawing, and presence of popout materials. At least eight concrete specimens arerequired for splitting tensile strength tests.8. Test Methods8.1 Compressive Strength (Test Method C39/C39M)Make test specimens in accordance with Practice C192/C192M andPractice C31/C31M. Unless otherwise spe
39、cified, cure specimens in accordance with Practice C192/C192M or Practice C31/C31M,until the time of test. When specified, an alternative curing method is allowed. The alternative method shall be in accordance withTABLE 2 Maximum Dry Loose Bulk Density Requirements ofLightweight Aggregates for Struc
40、tural ConcreteSize DesignationMaximum Dry LooseBulk Densitykg/m3lb/ft3Fine aggregate 1120 70Coarse aggregate 880 55Combined fine and coarse aggregate 1040 65TABLE 3 Compressive Strength and Splitting Tensile StrengthRequirementsCalculatedEquilibriumDensitymax, kg/m3lb/ft3Average 28-daySplitting Tens
41、ileStrength, min,MPa psiAverage 28-dayCompressiveStrength, min,MPa psiAll Lightweight Aggregate1760 110 2.2 320 28 40001680 105 2.1 300 21 30001600 100 2.0 290 17 2500Combination of Normal Weight and Lightweight Aggregates1840 115 2.3 330 28 40001760 110 2.1 310 21 30001680 105 2.1 300 17 2500C330/C
42、330M 173Practice C192/C192M or the standard curing procedure in Practice C31/C31M for the first 7 days, after which the specimens shallbe removed from moist curing and stored at 23 6 2 C 73.5 6 3.5 F with a relative humidity of 50 6 5 % until the time oftest.8.2 Splitting Tensile StrengthMake 152150
43、 by 305300 mm 6 by 12 in. cylindrical test specimens in accordance with PracticeC192/C192M, cure, and test in accordance with Test Method C496/C496M.8.3 Density of Concrete (Test Method C567C567/C567M)Follow the procedures in Test Method C567C567/C567M.8.4 Shrinkage of Concrete (Test Method C157/C15
44、7M)Follow the procedures of Test Method C157/C157M with thefollowing exceptions:8.4.1 Prepare the concrete mixture using 335 kg of cement/m3 564 lb/yd3, admixture (if any), and with an air content of 6 61 %. Adjust the water content so as to produce a slump of 50 to 100 mm 2 to 4 in. Thoroughly cons
45、olidate the concrete in steelmolds not smaller than 50 by 50 mm 2 by 2 in. nor larger than 100 by 100 mm 4 by 4 in. in cross section, and long enoughto provide a 250 mm 10 in. gauge length. The surface of the concrete shall be steel troweled.8.4.2 CuringTo prevent evaporation of water from the unhar
46、dened concrete, cover the specimen with a nonabsorptive,nonreactive plate or sheet of tough, durable, impervious plastic or wet burlap. When wet burlap is used for covering, the burlapmust be kept wet until the specimens are removed from the molds (see Note 5). Remove specimens from the molds not le
47、ss than20 nor more than 48 h after casting and store in a moist room maintained at 23 6 2 C 73.5 6 3.5 F with a relative humidityof not less than 95 %. At the age of 7 days, remove the specimens from the moist room, measure for length, and store in a curingcabinet maintained at 37.8 6 1.1 C 100 6 2
48、F with a relative humidity of 32 6 2 %.NOTE 5Placing a sheet of plastic over the burlap will facilitate keeping it wet.NOTE 6The air immediately above a saturated solution of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) at 37.8 C 100 F is approximately 32 % relative humidity.8.4.3 ReportAfter storage in the cabinet f
49、or 28 days, remove each specimen and within 15 s, determine its change in lengthto the nearest 0.01 % of the effective gauge length. Report the change in length as the drying shrinkage of the specimen; reportthe average drying shrinkage of the specimens as the drying shrinkage of the concrete.8.5 Test for Popout MaterialsPrepare concrete specimens for the test for popout materials as described in method forpreparation of samples f
