ASTM C480 C480M-2008 Standard Test Method for Flexure Creep of Sandwich Constructions《加层结构挠曲蠕变的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: C 480/C 480M 08Standard Test Method forFlexure Creep of Sandwich Constructions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 480/C 480M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creepcharacteristics and creep rate of flat sandwich constructionsloaded in flexur
3、e, at any desired temperature. Permissible corematerial forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces(such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those withdiscontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately
4、 as standard. Within the text theinch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated ineither SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separatelyas standard. The values stated in each system may not be exactequivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independentlyof the other. Com
5、bining values from the two systems mayresult in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and d
6、etermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich ConstructionsC 393/C 393M Test Method for Core Shear Properties ofSandwich Constructions by Beam FlexureD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 3878
7、Terminology for Composite MaterialsD 5229/D 5229M Test Method for Moisture AbsorptionProperties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-trix Composite MaterialsD 7249/D 7249M Test Method for Facing Properties ofSandwich Constructions by Long Beam FlexureE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mecha
8、nical Test-ingE 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristicof a Lot or ProcessE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE 1309 Guide for Identificat
9、ion of Fiber-ReinforcedPolymer-Matrix Composite Materials in DatabasesE 1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology D 3878 defines terms relatingto high-modulus fibers and their composites. TerminologyC 27
10、4 defines terms relating to structural sandwich construc-tions. Terminology D 883 defines terms relating to plastics.Terminology E6defines terms relating to mechanical testing.Terminology E 456 and Practice E 177 define terms relating tostatistics. In the event of a conflict between terms, Terminolo
11、gyD 3878 shall have precedence over the other terminologydocuments.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 Adistance between pivot point and point of appliedforce on the specimen3.2.2 bspecimen width3.2.3 Bdistance from pivot point to center of gravity ofthe loading arm3.2.4 ccore thickness3.2.5 CRIcreep rate at time, ii
12、3.2.6 dsandwich total thickness3.2.7 dinitial static deflection under the same load and atthe same temperature3.2.8 Dtotal deflection at time, t3.2.9 Ffapplied facing stress3.2.10 Fsapplied core shear stress3.2.11 Mdistance between point and weight point3.2.12 nnumber of specimens3.2.13 pmass of loa
13、ding plate and rod3.2.14 Papplied force3.2.15 Slength of support span3.2.16 wmass of lever arm1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 onComposite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 onSandwich Construction.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 20
14、08. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C 480 99(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the
15、 standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.17 Wmass of weight (including tray mass)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of subjecting a beam ofsandwich co
16、nstruction to a sustained force normal to the planeof the sandwich, using either a 3-point or a 4-point loadingfixture. Deflection versus time measurements are recorded.4.2 For long beam specimens conforming to Test MethodD 7249/D 7249M, the only acceptable failure modes for sand-wich facesheet stre
17、ngth are those which are internal to one ofthe facesheets. Failure of the sandwich core or the core-to-facesheet bond preceding failure of one of the facesheets is notan acceptable failure mode for this specimen configuration.4.3 For short-beam specimens conforming to Test MethodC 393/C 393M, the on
18、ly acceptable failure modes are coreshear or core-to-facing bond. Failure of the sandwich facingpreceding failure of the core or core-to-facing bond is not anacceptable failure mode for this specimen configuration.4.4 Careful post-test inspection of the specimen is requiredas facing failure occurrin
19、g in proximity to the loading pointscan be caused by local through-thickness compression or shearfailure of the core that precedes failure of the facing.5. Significance and Use5.1 The determination of the creep rate provides informa-tion on the behavior of sandwich constructions under constantapplie
20、d force. Creep is defined as deflection under constantforce over a period of time beyond the initial deformation as aresult of the application of the force. Deflection data obtainedfrom this test method can be plotted against time, and a creeprate determined. By using standard specimen constructions
21、 andconstant loading, the test method may also be used to evaluatecreep behavior of sandwich panel core-to-facing adhesives.5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtain-ing flexure creep of sandwich constructions for quality control,acceptance specification testing, and research and dev
22、elop-ment.5.3 Factors that influence the sandwich construction creepresponse and shall therefore be reported include the following:facing material, core material, adhesive material, methods ofmaterial fabrication, facing stacking sequence and overallthickness, core geometry (cell size), core density
23、, core thick-ness, adhesive thickness, specimen geometry, specimen prepa-ration, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, speci-men alignment, loading procedure, speed of testing, facingvoid content, adhesive void content, and facing volume percentreinforcement. Further, facing and core-to-fac
24、ing strength andcreep response may be different between precured/bonded andco-cured facesheets of the same material.6. Interferences6.1 The interferences listed in Test Methods C 393/C 393Mand D 7249/D 7249M are also applicable to this test method.7. Apparatus7.1 Micrometers and CalipersA micrometer
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