1、Designation: C505 15Standard Specification forNonreinforced Concrete Irrigation Pipe with Rubber GasketJoints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipewith rubber gasket joints to be used for the conveyance ofirrigation
3、 water with working pressures, including hydraulictransients, as shown in Table 1.1.2 Acomplete metric companion to Specification C505 hasbeen developedC505M; therefore, no SI equivalents arepresented in this specification.NOTE 1This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only anddoes not i
4、nclude requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or fieldrepairs. The owner is cautioned that he must correlate field conditions withthe characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection duringinstallation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33/C33M Specification for Concr
5、ete AggregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixturesfor ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, orTileC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC
6、618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use inConcrete and MortarsC1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forUse in Producing Flowin
7、g ConcreteC1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced ConcreteC1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in theProduction of Hydraulic Cement ConcreteD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Me
8、thod for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternationalHardnessD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-ness3. Ter
9、minology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concretepipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specificationshall be known as “Standard Nonreinforced Concrete IrrigationPipe with Rubber Gasket Joints.”5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 The accept
10、ability of the pipe, joint design, and gasketsshall be determined by the results of the tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and when required, and by inspection todetermine whether the pipe and gaskets conform to thespecification as to design and freedom from defects.6. Materials and Manufactu
11、re6.1 ConcreteThe concrete shall consist of cementitiousmaterials, mineral aggregates, admixtures, if used, and water.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsfor portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall beportland blast-furnace slag cement, portland
12、-limestone cement,or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirementsof Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan con-stituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be flyash.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct
13、 responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 onNon-Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C505 11. DOI:10.1520/C0505-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit t
14、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
15、United States16.2.2 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements ofSpecification C618, Class F or Class C.6.2.3 Slag CementSlag cement shall conform to the re-quirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cemen
16、titious materials used in the concreteshall be one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly
17、ash,6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, fly ash and slag cement, or6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and flyash.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to the requi
18、re-ments of Specification C33/C33M, except that the require-ments for gradation shall not apply.6.4 AdmixturesThe following admixtures and blends areallowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to SpecificationC260/C260M;6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to SpecificationC494/C494M;6.4.3 Che
19、mical admixture for use in producing flowingconcrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.6.5 Gaskets:6.5.1 CompositionThe rubber compound used in themanufacture of the gasket shall be compounded from naturalrubber, synthetic rubber, or
20、 a mixture of the two fabricated asprescribed in 6.5.2 to 6.5.6, inclusive.6.5.2 FabricationGaskets shall be extruded or moldedand cured in such a manner that they will be dense andhomogeneous at any cross section, and have uniform dimen-sions. They shall be free from porosity, blisters, pitting, an
21、dother defects, which will affect their serviceability.6.5.3 TolerancesCommercial tolerances A3-F3, T.032 formolded gaskets and A3-F3 for extruded gaskets in accordancewith the Rubber Handbook3shall be permitted. The tolerancesin gasket and joint dimensions shall be such as not to exceedpermissible
22、deformations prescribed in Section 8.6.5.4 Physical Properties of GasketsThe rubber fromwhich the gaskets are fabricated shall have the followingphysical properties:Ultimate elongation at break, min, % 350Ultimate elongation at break after aging,min, % of elongation before aging80Hardness, Internati
23、onal Rubber HardnessDegrees or DurometerA40 to 60Compression set, max, % 25Water absorption, % 10Ozone resistance no cracks in accordancewith Test Method D1149AAllowable variation 5 from manufacturers specified hardness.6.5.4.1 Testing shall be in accordance with Section 9.6.5.5 Strength of SpliceIf
24、 a splice is used in the manufac-ture of the gasket, the strength shall be such that the gasketshall withstand 100 % elongation over the part of the gasketthat includes the splice with no visible separation of the splice.While in the stretched position, the gasket shall be rotated inthe spliced area
25、 a minimum of 180 in each direction in orderto inspect for separation. Any portion of the splice shall becapable of passing a bend test without visible separation. Thebend test for circular gaskets is defined as wrapping the portionof the unstretched gasket containing the splice a minimum of180 and
26、a maximum of 270 around a rod of a diameter equalto the cross section diameter of the gasket.6.5.6 StorageThe gaskets shall be stored in a cool, clean,and shaded place, preferably at 70F or less and in no case shallthe gaskets be exposed to the direct rays of the sun for morethan 72 h.6.6 FibersSynt
27、hetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall beallowed to be used, at the manufacturers option, in concretepipe as a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers(Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type I) designedand manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conform-ing to
28、 the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shallbe accepted.6.7 WaterWater used in the production of concrete shallbe potable or non-potable water that meets the requirements ofSpecification C1602/C1602M.7. Design7.1 Design TablesThe standard dimensions shall be asgiven in Table 1. Wall thickne
29、sses furnished shall be not lessthan those given in Table 1, except as affected by the tolerancespecified in Section 12.3Available from the Rubber Manufacturers Assn., Inc., 1400 K St., NW, suite900, Washington DC, 20005.TABLE 1 Standard Dimensions, Working Pressures, and TestRequirementsInternalDes
30、ignatedDiameter,in.WallThickness,Ain.WorkingPressure,BftRequiredHydrostaticTestPressure,CpsiMinimumThree-Edge-BearingLoad,lbf/linear ft634 30 40 13008 1 30 40 135010 114 30 40 140012 112 30 40 150015 178 30 40 165018 214 30 40 180021 258 30 40 190024 3 30 40 2000AThinner walls are not prohibited on
31、pipe units not over 4 ft in length, but thethickness of such walls shall not be less than the internal diameter divided by 10.BWith the exception of 21 and 24-in. pipe, higher working pressures are notprohibited to be used up to a maximum of 50 ft for 6 through 12-in. diameters, and40 ft for 15 thro
32、ugh 18-in. diameters. In these cases the strength of the pipe shallbe increased to give minimum internal hydrostatic test pressures of at least threetimes the design working pressure when tested as specified in 10.4.CFor hydrostatic test requirements, refer to 10.4.C505 1527.2 Modified DesignManufac
33、turers shall submit to theowner for approval prior to manufacture, wall thicknessesother than those shown in Table 1. Such pipe shall meet all ofthe test and performance requirements specified by the ownerin accordance with 5.1.8. Joints8.1 Pipe units shall be manufactured with male- and female-type
34、 joints of such design that the rubber gasket applied theretoshall be the sole element depended upon to make the jointsflexible and watertight.8.2 The slope on the conic surfaces of the gasket seat on theinside of the female portion and on the outside of the maleportion shall be not more than 3.5 me
35、asured from a longitu-dinal trace on the inside surface of the pipe. The female or themale portions, or both, shall form a proper gasket positioningarea or “seat.” The joint design shall be such that, when thejoint has been fully closed and is off center sufficiently to causethe outer concrete surfa
36、ce of the male portion and the innerconcrete surface of the female portion to come into contact atsome place in the joint periphery, the deformation of the gasketadjacent to that point shall not exceed 50 % of the stretcheddiameter for O-ring gaskets, or 75 % of the uncompressedradial thickness for
37、all other types. At the diametricallyopposite side, the gasket deformation shall be not less than15 % of the stretched diameter for O-ring gaskets, or 25 % ofthe uncompressed radial thickness for all other types. O-ringgaskets are defined as solid gaskets of circular cross section.Stretched gasket d
38、iameters shall be calculated as being=1/11x! times the original gasket diameter where x equalsthe percent of gasket stretch divided by 100.8.3 The joint design shall provide for the deflection of eachpipe unit by opening one side of the outside perimeter of thejoint, wider than the fully closed posi
39、tion, a distance no lessthan12 in. or 25 % of the wall thickness, whichever is less,without reducing its watertightness.8.4 The joint shall be of such design that it will withstand,without cracking or fracturing, the forces caused by thecompression of the gasket, and the required hydrostatic testpre
40、ssure.8.5 All surfaces of the joint upon or against which thegasket bear shall be smooth, free of spall, cracks, or fractures,and imperfections that would adversely affect performance.8.6 Alternative Joint DesignsManufacturers shall submitto the owner, detailed designs for joints and gaskets other t
41、hanthose described in 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, and 8.5. Design submissionsshall include joint geometry tolerances, gasket characteristics,proposed plant tests, gasket splice bend tests, and such otherinformation as required by the owner to evaluate the jointdesign for field performance. Joints and gaskets of
42、alternativejoint designs shall meet all test requirements of this specifica-tion unless waived by the owner.Alternative joint designs shallbe acceptable provided the designs are approved by the ownerprior to manufacture and provided the test pipe comply withthe specified test.9. Concrete Mixture9.1
43、The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, andthoroughly mixed with such proportions of cementitious ma-terials and water as will produce a homogeneous concretemixture of such quality that the pipe will conform to the testand design requirements of this specification. Cementitiousmaterials
44、 shall be as specified in 6.2 and shall be added to themix in a proportion not less than 470 lb/yd, unless mix designswith a lower cementitious materials content demonstrate thatthe quality and performance of the pipe meet the requirementsof this specification.10. Physical Requirements10.1 Test Spec
45、imens:10.1.1 Specimens for test shall be full-size pipe units andgaskets that conform in every respect to the inspection require-ments of this specification, shall be selected at random by theowner at the place of manufacture of the pipe, and shall betested in advance of shipment to the site of inst
46、allation.10.1.2 Test specimens of pipe shall be selected from datedlots and the manufacturer shall furnish manufacturing data forthe lot tested if so required by the owner.10.2 Number and Type of Tests RequiredThe manufac-turer shall furnish specimens for the test without charge up to1 % of the numb
47、er of pipe units of each dated lot, except thatin no case shall fewer pipe units be furnished than necessary toperform the tests herein specified. Specimens shall be propor-tioned equally to the test to which they are to be subjectedexcept that the owner can specify different proportions prior topur
48、chase. The manufacturer shall bear all the expense of testingsuch pipe. Should a larger number of specimens be tested upondemand of the owner or manufacturer, then the cost of suchadditional test specimens and the expense of testing shall beborne by the party making such demand.10.3 External Load Te
49、st RequirementThe minimum three-edge-bearing strength shall be as given in Table 1 and shall bemade in accordance with Test Methods C497. If mutuallyagreed upon between the manufacturer and the owner, othertypes of bearings such as hard rubber blocks or sand-filled,high-pressure hose are acceptable.10.3.1 It is not prohibited to fill depressions of exteriorsurface irregularities with plaster of paris to equalize thebearing surfaces. The user of this specification is advised thatsand or other loose fine material may be spread along thelen
