1、2000年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷及答案与解析 Section A Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squar
2、e brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1 If he told his wife about their plan, she was bound to agree. （ A） would unnecessarily （ B） would simply （ C） would certainly （ D） would alternatively 2 As college teachers, they enjoy talking about their own specialties. （ A） problems （ B） experien
3、ces （ C） interests （ D） fields 3 Johns mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature. （ A） appearance （ B） personality （ C） outlook （ D） temper 4 Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in the industry, and competition from other types of finan
4、cial firms. （ A） cheating （ B） pollution （ C） abuse （ D） depression 5 The colors in these artificial flowers are guaranteed not to come out. （ A） disappear （ B） vanish （ C） fade （ D） blend 6 Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed central Baghdad, hitting oil refineries and the
5、airport. （ A） beating （ B） knocking （ C） hurting （ D） striking 7 The editor considered the authors analysis in his article to be penetrating. （ A） extensive （ B） profound （ C） conclusive （ D） valuable 8 Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when its illumina
6、ted. （ A） decorated （ B） illustrated （ C） lit up （ D） studied carefully 9 A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. （ A） freedom （ B） assistance （ C） clues （ D） funds 10 When snow collects on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometim
7、es weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse. （ A） melts （ B） accumulates （ C） selects （ D） scatters Section B Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes th
8、e sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your rnachine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 11 Starting as a _campus movement, initially observed on March 21, Earth Day has become a major educational and media event. （ A） student-leading （ B） student-led （ C） s
9、tudent-leaded （ D） student-lead 12 Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to _education and professional skills so that women could enter the public world. （ A） prosecute （ B） acquire （ C） advocate （ D） proclaim 13 In principle, a person whose conduct was caused by mental disorder
10、 should not be liable to Criminal_. （ A） identification （ B） punishment （ C） investigation （ D） commitment 14 A major goal of the state travel agency is to _more people to visit its country at the turn of the century. （ A） reduce （ B） expect （ C） arouse （ D） induce 15 Steel is an alloy composed _of
11、iron and carbon. （ A） primarily （ B） traditionally （ C） carefully （ D） partially 16 The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen _into human nature. （ A） intellect （ B） insight （ C） perception （ D） understanding 17 Well all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working _my pro
12、ject. （ A） on （ B） with （ C） in （ D） about 18 The Government has therefore agreed to pay authorities extra sums to _for their financial losses. （ A） make up （ B） turn up （ C） fill in （ D） lean on 19 As the firms business increased they _more and more employees. （ A） took up （ B） took in （ C） took af
13、ter （ D） took on 20 Though the doctors tried everything they couldnt save him from the deep _wound. （ A） shot （ B） punch （ C） pinch （ D） stab 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the
14、re are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 21 Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. Bu
15、t he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound (为地球吸引所束缚的 ) experience in the summer of 1980, when he participated in the NASA-ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss then a science teacher at West Point, was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Centers propulsion (推进 ) lab in Alaba
16、ma to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results
17、for the astronauts who relied on them. “I worked a bit with NASA engineers,“ says Voss, “but I did it mostly by analysis. I used a handheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic (热力学的 ) analysis.“ At the end of the summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summari
18、zed his findings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status. It was not an easy process. Voss was actually pass
19、ed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly, and was finally accepted in 1987. Since then he has participated in three space mission. The 50-year-old Army officer, who lives in Huston, is now in training for a four-month mission a
20、s a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000. Voss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. “It brings in people from the academic world and gives NASA a special property for a particular period of time. It brings some fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and e
21、stablishes a link with our colleges and universities,“ Voss explains, “Theres an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important.“ For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also “brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give
22、them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the classroom.“ 21 Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle? （ A） Because previous seals all failed. （ B） Because it was very complex in running the space program. （ C） Because great care has to be tak
23、en of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing. （ D） Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts. 22 The great significance of Vosss findings lies in_. . strengthening his determination to join in space flights . furthering his understanding of NASA . consolidating his as
24、tronaut status in NASA programs （ A） only. （ B） only. （ C） , and all included. （ D） and only. 23 How many flights will Voss have finished if his Four-month mission starting in July 2000 ends up successfully? （ A） Three （ B） Two （ C） Four （ D） Five 24 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to w
25、hat Voss said on the ASEE program? （ A） Fresh members from die academic world participate in the program. （ B） The program brings new outlooks to NASA space programs. （ C） It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives. （ D） American colleges and universities are a
26、 special property of NAS 25 What does Voss want to stress in the last paragraph? （ A） The technological significance of the program. （ B） The educational significance of the program. （ C） The philosophical significance of the program. （ D） The historical significance of the program. 26 The current e
27、mergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children, we are living in an environmental crisis, an air-pollution emergency of unprecedented severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play a dangerous game with your
28、health. As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our pediatricians (儿科医师的 ) medical recommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently. We are foreigners and we
29、 are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husbands work. We are fascinated by Mexicoits history and rich culture. We know that for us, this is a temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from
30、breathing. But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, desperate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live ther
31、e. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining about my personal situation; we wont be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are colored only gray. An
32、d yet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country, especially a developing Third World economy like Mexicos, the idea of barring from the capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an op
33、tion. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measuresprohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from producingthat even its own officials concede arent adequate. The word “emergency“ implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emerg
34、ency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change or to mislead ourselves into believing we can adapt. 26 According to the passage, the current emergency in Mexico City refers to_. （ A） serious air pollution （ B） economic crisis （ C） unemployment
35、（ D） natural disaster 27 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? （ A） Kids are in greater danger than grown-ups in Mexico City. （ B） The author is not a native Mexican. （ C） The authors husband is a pediatrician. （ D） The Mexican history and culture appeal to the auth
36、or. 28 The word “hawk“ (Paragraph 3) most probably means_. （ A） sell （ B） transport （ C） place （ D） deliver 29 The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because_. （ A） Mexican economy depends very much on cars and factories （ B） it is not wise enough to come up with e
37、ffective measures （ C） Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergency （ D） Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health 30 The purpose of the passage is to_. （ A） describe the harmful air pollution （ B） explain the way to prevent air pollution （ C） show the worries about
38、the air pollution （ D） recommend a method to avoid air pollution 31 In 1998, consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some people had predi
39、cted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proved to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store. A research e
40、stimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of online auctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal. For all the consumer interest, re
41、tailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however. Internet pioneer A, which began selling books in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $ 37.9 million in the same period of 1997. overall, howev
42、er, the companys loss widened to $ 45.2 million from $ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, A had a stock market value of many billions, reflecting investors optimism about the future of the industry. Internet retailing appealed to
43、 investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers attention, price competition w
44、as intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for $ 9.99, undercutting (削价 ) the $ 19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $ 6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losse
45、s in an attempt to establish a dominant market position. 31 Which of the following is TRUE, according to the writer? （ A） Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet. （ B） Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet. （ C） Internet retailing is a profitable business. （ D） More and
46、more consumers prefer Internet shopping. 32 Finding a bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because_. （ A） there were more and more Internet users （ B） there were more and more online auctions （ C） the consumers had more money to spend （ D） there were more goods available on the Internet
47、 33 “For all the consumer interest“ (Paragraph 3) means_. （ A） to the interest of all the consumers （ B） for the interest of all the consumers （ C） though consumers are very much interested （ D） all the consumers are much interested 34 It can be inferred from the passage that A_. （ A） will probably
48、make a profit in 2001 （ B） is making a profit now （ C） is a company that sells books only （ D） suffers a great loss on the stock market 35 Investors are interested in Internet retailing because_. （ A） selling online involves little risk （ B） Internet retailing is in its initial stage （ C） it can eas
49、ily reach millions of consumers （ D） they can make huge profits from it 36 It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick peace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers“ campaign, otherwise, i
