1、2004 年 9月国家公共英语（三级）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Although “lie detectors“ are widely used by governments, police departments and businesses, t
2、he results are not always accurate. Lie detectors are commonly【 C1】_as emotion detectors, for their aim is to【 C2】 _bodily changes that contradict what a【 C3】 _says. The lie detector records changes【 C4】_heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and the electrical【 C5】 _of the skin. In the first part o
3、f the【 C6】 _, you are electronically connected to the machine and【 C7】 _a few neutral question(“What is your name?“ etc). Your physical reactions serve【 C8】 _the standard for evaluating what comes【 C9】 _Then you are presented with a few【 C10】 _questions among the neutral ones(“When did you rob the b
4、ank?“). The idea is that if you are【 C11】 _, your body will reveal the truth, even if you try to【 C12】 _it. Your heart rate and breathing will change【 C13】 _as you respond to the questions. That is the theory, but psychologists have found that lie detectors are simply not 【 C14】 _.Since most physica
5、l changes are the same across【 C15】_emotions, lie detectors can- not tell【 C16】 _you are feeling angry, nervous or excited.【 C17】 _people may be tense and nervous【 C18】 _the whole procedure. They may react physiologically to a certain word (“bank“) not because they robbed it, but because they recent
6、ly used a bad check. In either【 C19】 _,the machine will record a“ lie”. On the other hand, some practiced liars can lie【 C20】 _hesitation, so the reverse mistake is also common. 1 【 C1】 （ A） fixed （ B） designed （ C） known （ D） produced 2 【 C2】 （ A） measure （ B） keep （ C） maintain （ D） grade 3 【 C3】
7、（ A） policeman （ B） suspect （ C） person （ D） criminal 4 【 C4】 （ A） from （ B） with （ C） upon （ D） in 5 【 C5】 （ A） display （ B） activity （ C） action （ D） flow 6 【 C6】 （ A） test （ B） research （ C） operation （ D） project 7 【 C7】 （ A） investigated （ B） questioned （ C） raised （ D） asked 8 【 C8】 （ A） by （
8、B） as （ C） on （ D） with 9 【 C9】 （ A） again （ B） behind （ C） after （ D） next 10 【 C10】 （ A） critical （ B） interesting （ C） general （ D） impossible 11 【 C11】 （ A） wrong （ B） bad （ C） guilty （ D） mistaken 12 【 C12】 （ A） mislead （ B） confuse （ C） deny （ D） cancel 13 【 C13】 （ A） slowly （ B） naturally （ C
9、） steadily （ D） abruptly 14 【 C14】 （ A） reliable （ B） usable （ C） reasonable （ D） comprehensible 15 【 C15】 （ A） other （ B） some （ C） any （ D） all 16 【 C16】 （ A） whether （ B） when （ C） where （ D） why 17 【 C17】 （ A） Untrained （ B） Innocent （ C） Naive （ D） Ignorant 18 【 C18】 （ A） before （ B） about （ C）
10、 after （ D） at 19 【 C19】 （ A） fact （ B） case （ C） condition （ D） chance 20 【 C20】 （ A） beyond （ B） through （ C） without （ D） against Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Fifteen years ag
11、o, I entered the Boston Globe, which was a temple to me then. It wasnt easy getting hired. I had to fight my way into a dime-a-word job. But once you were there, I found, you were in. Globe jobs were for lifeguaranteed until retirement. For 15 years I had prospered theremoving from an ordinary repor
12、ter to foreign correspondent and finally to senior editor. I would have a lifetime of security if I stuck with it. Instead, I had made a decision to leave. I entered my bosss office. Would he rage? I wondered. He had a famous temper. “Matt, we have to have a talk,“ I began awkwardly. “I came to the
13、Globe when I was twenty-four. Now Im forty. Theres a lot I want to do in life. Im resigning.“ “To another paper?“ he asked. I reached into my coat pocket, but didnt say anything, not trusting myself just then. I handed him a letter that explained everything. It said that I was leaving to start a new
14、 media company. That the Globe had taught me in a thousand ways. That we were at a rare turning point in history. I wanted to be directly engaged in the change. “Im glad for you,“ he said, quite out of my expectation. “I just came from a board of directors meeting and it was seventy-five percent dis
15、couraging news. Some of that we can deal with. But much of it we cant,“ he went on. “I wish you all the luck in the world,“ he concluded. “And if it doesnt work out, remember, your star is always high here.“ Then I went out of his office, walking through the newsroom for more good-byes. Everybody wa
16、s saying congratulations. Everybodyeven though Id be risking all on an unfamiliar venture: all the financial security I had carefully built up. Later, I had a final talk with Bill Taylor, chairman and publisher of the Boston Globe. He had turned the Globe into a billion-dollar property. “Im resignin
17、g, Bill,“ I said. He listened while I gave him the story. He wasnt looking angr or dismayed either. After a pause, he said, “Golly, I wish I were in your shoes.“ 21 From the passage we know that the Globe is a famous_. （ A） newspaper （ B） magazine （ C） temple （ D） church 22 If the writer stayed with
18、 the Globe,_. （ A） he would be able to realize his lifetime dreams （ B） he would let his long-cherished dreams fade away （ C） he would never have to worry about his future life （ D） he would never be allowed to develop his ambitions 23 The writer wanted to resign because_. （ A） he had serious troubl
19、e with his boss （ B） he got underpaid at his job for the Globe （ C） he wanted to be engaged in the new media industry （ D） he had found a better paid job in a publishing house 24 When the writer decided to resign, the Globe was faced with_. （ A） a trouble with its staff members （ B） a shortage of qu
20、alified reporters （ C） an unfavorable business situation （ D） an uncontrollable business situation 25 By “I wish I were in your shoes.“ (in the last paragraph), Bill Taylor meant that_. （ A） the writer was to fail （ B） the writer was stupid （ C） he would do the same if possible （ D） he would reject
21、the writers request 25 Over two hundred years ago, Adam Smith introduced some ideas which brought about a world revolution. If we enjoy a high standard of living in modern society, we owe much to this Scottish economist and philosopher. If we enjoy driving in beautiful cars, wearing fashionable shoe
22、s, or flying away to distant places for exciting holidays, we should perhaps pay thanks to the man who made it all possible. What was Adam Smiths contribution? Like so many ideas which have surprising effects, his was a simple one. He watched workers practising their craft of pin making. One man wou
23、ld heat the strip of metal, stretch it out, cut off an appropriate length, shape it, cool it and finally smooth and shine it. Smith drew attention to the advantages which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different workers. Let one be responsible for preparing the metal. Anoth
24、er for stretching and cutting. Another for shaping. Another for finishing. He described the technique as the Division of Labour; in this way workers re-peat the same actions again and again. Smith convinced the world that specialisation could solve the problem of poverty and want. What was the resul
25、t? The Industrial Revolution. Productivity was greatly increased. For Britain, where the revolution started, there was a prosperity which made it the richest country in the nineteenth century. British trains and railway lines spread out like a spiders web across the world. British ships were used to
26、 carry the new cargoes from one corner of the world to another. The revolution is not over. It is still with us, but now it is a worldwide phenomenon. Everywhere, factories are producing large numbers of similar products, and are in continuous production. What were called mass-production lines yeste
27、rday are called robotic productions today. The pace of change is increasing. And if these techniques have brought us prosperity, they have also brought us a little misery in overcrowded towns, boring jobs and, most of all, unemployment. 26 We should be grateful to Adam Smith because_. （ A） his ideas
28、 made it possible for people to improve their lives （ B） he invented a more efficient way of pin making （ C） he started the industrial revolution （ D） he brought to people a high standard of living 27 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） The Division of Labour makes work mor
29、e interesting. （ B） Specialisation could solve the problem of unemployment. （ C） Adam Smith put forward the idea of the Division of Labour. （ D） Adam Smith insisted that each worker be better paid. 28 From the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution_. （ A） led to Adam Smiths idea of specialis
30、ation （ B） was finished in the nineteenth century （ C） also has its side-effects in society （ D） put an end to poverty in the world 29 According to the passage, the Industrial Revolution is responsible for the following re-suits except_. （ A） prosperity （ B） crime （ C） unemployment （ D） overcrowdedn
31、ess 30 What is the best title for this passage_. （ A） The Theory of Division of Labour and Its Significance （ B） The Industrial Revolution and Its Significance （ C） The Causes of Industrial Revolution （ D） Adam Smith, the Economist and Philosopher 30 Whenever I see anyone buying a National Lottery t
32、icket I want to stop them and ask if they know just where their money is going. The lottery money is supposed to go to charitybut it makes me angry to see some of the socalled “good causes“ its being used to support. Also, Camelot, the organizers, have made a profit of 3 10.8 million in five months.
33、 We hear now that a lot of that money is boosting the pay packets of the companys bosses. For the past 10 years Ive been helping to raise funds for a cancer research charity called Tenovus. My husband, Sandy, died from cancer 11 years agohe was only 51. Theres been a long line of deaths in our famil
34、y through cancer and its been devastating. Ive also lost two sisters-in-law, my brother, Michael, my father-in-law and my father. Thats apart from several close friends. The charity is 50 years old now and raises money mainly for breast cancer research. It also runs a support line for the families o
35、f cancer sufferers. Our local group raises money through dances, sales and coffee morning, and all the funds go directly to cancer research. In 1993 Tenovus raised 1 3 million-and half that money came from sales of our own lottery tickets at supermarkets. But out income has dropped by half since the
36、 National Lottery was introduced. Im not against people playing the National Lottery, but they should think about what theyre doing. The chances of winning the jackpot are so small; they might as well throw their money away. The Government tells us that the proceeds are going to things like the arts
37、 and sports, but what about the National Health Service? They should give some cash to that, too. How can they justify spending ridiculous amounts of cash on so-called works of artlike displays of potatoesor buying up Winston Churchills papers at a cost of 12 million? So who really are the winners i
38、n the National Lottery? When I think of all that money people could be donating to cancer research, I could weep. Its time people realized bow charities across the country are suffering because of the National Lottery. Its disheartening and so infuriating. 31 The writer seems to hope that_. （ A） peo
39、ple will spend more money on the National Lottery （ B） people will give more money to charity （ C） most of the lottery money will go to charity （ D） most of the lottery money will be used for cancer research 32 The reason why the writer raises funds for cancer research is that_. （ A） she herself is
40、suffering from cancer （ B） the cancer is the most frightening diseas （ C） a number of her relatives died of cancer （ D） some cancer research needs more money than other research 33 In this text the writer is expressing_. （ A） her personal opinions （ B） the opinions of the general public （ C） her fee
41、lings about cancer sufferers （ D） some ideas of fund-raising 34 The organisation “Tenovus” is_. （ A） run by a group of people in the writers town （ B） a charity organisation which has some local groups （ C） set up to collect money for people who lose their relatives （ D） set up to assist the Nationa
42、l Lottery 35 From the text we can conclude that_. （ A） the writer is enthusiastically supporting the National Lottery （ B） the writer has objections to the National Lottery （ C） the writer believes that the lottery money should be used for cancer research （ D） the writer is just expressing her feeli
43、ngs about collecting money for charity Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 Maguel de Icaza: Free software benefits people, countries and companies by giving them complete control of the softw
44、are on which they depend. This is helping close the digital divide between developed and underdeveloped countries. People who previously might never have had access to this sort of technology are already leading the efforts to bring it to the developing world. Free software is the foundation on whic
45、h a fairer future and a more efficient economy is being built.Austin Hill: Welcome to the future. Your mobile phone tracks your location, your interactive TV records your viewing habits. Privacy is to the information age what environmentalism was to the industrial age. Businesses will protect themse
46、lves, and their customers, by introducing privacy-promoting technologies and building better data controls into every aspect of their operation. A leading class of privacy protectors will emerge in every industry, and both they and their customers will reap the rewards of the ethical privacy brand.
47、Ng Ede Phang: This will be the year that plain old text e-mail sits up and starts talkingand talking a lot. The human voice is powerful weapon. An e-mail doesnt tell me whether youre happy, sad or excited, whereas Internet voice services provide all these key emotional characteristics. The human voi
48、ce adds a very powerful element to business relationships that e-mail just cannot match. Murray Goldman: For those of us who live on airplanes, a key decision is which electronic devices to carry on a trip. The future is in the appropriate combination of communications and computing de-vices. Many b
49、usiness travelers will require the full computing power of a personal computer, with a screen large enough to do intensive work. As a result, lightweight notebooks have been introduced to the market with innovative options such as built-in DVDs, cameras and wireless capabilities. Christine Karman: Well see agents on portals and community websites helping people trade goods
