1、2004年北京大学考博英语真题试卷（精选）及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The beauty of the reflected images in the limpid pool was the poignant beauty of things that are _, exist only until the sunset. （ A） equitable （ B） ephemeral （ C） euphonious （ D） evasive 2 Brooding and hopelessness are the _ of Indians in th
2、e prairie reservations most of the time. （ A） occupations （ B） promises （ C） frustrations （ D） transactions 3 What _ about that article in the newspaper was that its writer showed an attitude cool enough, professional enough and, therefore, cruel enough when facing that disaster-stricken family. （ A
3、） worked me out （ B） knocked me out （ C） brought me up （ D） put me forward 4 _ considered the human body aesthetically satisfactory. （ A） Neither prehistoric cave man nor late-industrial urban man （ B） Nor prehistoric cave man or late-industrial urban man （ C） No prehistoric cave man nor late-indust
4、rial urban man （ D） Neither prehistoric cave man or late-industrial urban man 5 Not until the 1980s _ in Beijing start to find ways to preserve historic buildings from destruction. （ A） some concerned citizens （ B） some concerning citizens （ C） did some concerning citizens （ D） did some concerned ci
5、tizens 6 The buttocks are _ most other parts in the body. （ A） likely less to cause fatale damage than （ B） likely less causing fatal damage to （ C） less likely to cause fatal damage than （ D） less likely to cause fatal damage to 7 The concept of internet, _ has intrigued scientists since the mid-20
6、th century. （ A） the transmission of images, sounds and messages over distances （ B） transmitting of images, sounds and messages along distances （ C） to transmit images, sounds and messages on distance （ D） the transmissibility of images, sounds and messages for distances 8 Because of difficulties i
7、n getting a visa, the students had to _ the idea of applying for study in the United States. （ A） reduce （ B） yield （ C） relinquish （ D） waver 9 His request for a day off _ by the manager of the company. （ A） was turned off （ B） was turned down （ C） was put down （ D） was put away 10 The index of ind
8、ustrial production _ last year. （ A） raised up by 4 percent （ B） rose up with 4 percent （ C） arose up with 4 percent （ D） went up by 4 percent 11 Please _ if you ever come to Sydney. （ A） look at me （ B） look me up （ C） look me out （ D） look to me 12 British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Game
9、s suffered _ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. （ A） a sharp set-back （ B） severe set-back （ C） a severe blown-up （ D） sharp blown-up 13 By the end of the year 2004, he _ in the army for 40 years. （ A） will have served （ B） will serve （ C） will be serving （ D） wil
10、l be served 14 _ there was an epidemic approaching, Mr. smith _ the invitation to visit that area. （ A） If he knew, would have declined （ B） If he had known, would decline （ C） Had he known, would decline （ D） Had he known, would have declined 15 In the dark they could not see anything clear, but co
11、uld _. （ A） hear somebody mourn （ B） hear somebody mourning （ C） hear somebody mourned （ D） hear somebody, had been mourning 16 The team leader of mountain climbers marked out _. （ A） that seemed to be the best route （ B） what seemed to be the best route （ C） which seemed to be the best route （ D） s
12、omething that to be the best route 17 The scheme was so impracticable that I refused even _. （ A） to consider supporting it （ B） considering to support it （ C） to considering to support it （ D） considering supporting it 18 Among the first to come and live in North America _, who later prospered main
13、ly in New England. （ A） had been Dutch settlers （ B） Dutch settlers were there （ C） were Dutch settlers （ D） Dutch settlers had been there 19 The cargo box has a label _ on it. Please handle it with care. （ A） flexible （ B） break （ C） fragile （ D） stiff 20 _ we wish him prosperous, we have objection
14、s to his ways of obtaining wealth. （ A） Much as （ B） As much （ C） More as （ D） As well as 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 What Makes a “Millennial Mind“? (1) Since 1000 AD, around 30 billion people have been born on our planet. The vast majority have come and gone unknown to all but their friends and fa
15、mily. A few have left some trace on history: a discovery made, perhaps, or a record broken. Of those, fewer still are remembered long after their death. Yet of all the people who have lived their lives during the last 1000 years, just 38 have achieved the status of “Millennial Minds“ thats barely on
16、e in a billion. Those whose lives Focus has chronicled have thus become members of possibly the most exclusive list of all time. And choosing who should be included was not easy. (2) From the beginning, the single most important criterion was that the “Millennial Minds“ are those who did more than m
17、erely achieve greatness in their own time, or in one field. Thus mere winners of Nobel Prizes had no automatic right to inclusion, nor artists who gained fame in their own era, but whose reputation has faded with changing fashion. The achievements of the genuine “Millennial Mind“ affect our lives ev
18、en. now, often in ways so fundamental that it is hard to imagine what the world was like before. (3) Not even transcendent genius was enough to guarantee a place in the Focus list. To rate as a “Millennial Mind“, the life and achievements also had to cast light on the complex nature of creativity: i
19、ts origins, nature and its personal cost. 21 The first paragraph tells us that _. （ A） Focus had a list of “Millennial Minds“ worked out in secret （ B） Focus had compiled a biographical book of the lives of “Millennial Minds“ （ C） Focuss list of the “Millennial Minds“ consists of a strictly selected
20、 few （ D） Focus tried hard to exclude most of the famous lives from the list of the “Millennial Minds“ 22 According to the second paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Nobel Prize winners are not qualified for the “Millennial Minds“. （ B） A “Millennial Mind“ needs only to have a
21、 great influence on the lives of the people of his time. （ C） Only those whose achievements still greatly affect our lives today can be included in the list of the “Millennial Minds“. （ D） The “Millennial Minds“ are those who have changed human lives so much that people of later generations can not
22、remember what things were like in the past. 23 In the first sentence of the third paragraph, “transcendent genius“ means _. （ A） people who are exceptionally superior and great in talent （ B） people whose achievements are not forgotten by later generations （ C） people whose genius has been passed do
23、wn to the present time （ D） people who have guaranteed themselves a place in the Focus list 24 In the third paragraph, the phrase “cast light on“ can be replaced by _. （ A） shine over （ B） light up （ C） shed light on （ D） brighten up 24 Tribute to Dr. Carlo Urbani, Identifier of $ARS (1) On the 29th
24、 of March, 2003, the World Health Organization doctor Carlo Urbani died of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, the fast-spreading pneumonia that had killed 54 people worldwide. (2) The 46-year-old Italian doctor was the first WHO officer to identify the outbreak of this new disease in an American bus
25、inessman. Dr. Urbani first saw the US businessman on Feb. 28, two days after the patient had been admitted to a hospital in Hanoi. Although Urbani had worn a mask, he lacked goggles and other protective clothing. He began demanding that Hanoi hospitals stock up on protective gear and tighten up infe
26、ction control procedures. But he was frustrated at how long it was taking to teach infection-control procedures to people in hospitals. There were shortages of supplies, like disposable masks, gowns, gloves. (3) After three weeks of round-the-clock effort, Urbanis superior urged him to take a few da
27、ys off to attend a medical meeting in Bangkok, where he was to talk on childhood parasites. The day after he arrived, he began feeling ill with symptoms of the new disease. He called his wife, now living in Hanoi with their three children. He said: “Go back to Italy and take the children, because th
28、is will be the end for me.“ Dr. Urbani developed a fever and was put into isolation where he remained until his death. The WHO representative in Hanoi said: “He was very much a doctor, and his first goal was to help people.“ (4) He was buried on April 2, 2003 in Castelplanio, central Italy, leaving
29、behind his wife and children. The measures he helped put in place before his death appear to have doused the SARS wildfire in Vietnam. 25 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? （ A） Dr. Urbani caught SARS from an American businessman who was hospitalized in Hanoi. （ B） There were not enough
30、disposable masks, gowns, gloves and protective equipment. （ C） He knew he had little hope to survive after he was found infected. （ D） Dr. Urbani had helped combating the new disease by putting in place a series of infection-control measures. 26 In the third paragraph, “three weeks of round-the-cloc
31、k effort“ means _. （ A） for three weeks the hospital was taking in SARS patients without stopping （ B） Dr. Urbani worked day and night for three weeks, trying to get SARS under control （ C） for three weeks Dr. Urbani did not have any time to sleep, trying hard to fight the new disease （ D） After thr
32、ee weeks hard work to control SARS, the hospital superior thought it was time to stop the clock 27 According to the context, the word “doused“ in the last sentence of this passage could be best replaced with _. （ A） extinguished （ B） eliminated （ C） solved （ D） deluged 27 Glass (1)Since the Bronze A
33、ge, about 3000 B. C, glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, lime, and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. (2) When heated the
34、mixture becomes soft and moldable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure
35、normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shat
36、ters so easily when dealt a blow. (3) Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze“ at specific temperatures, glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going
37、through varying moldable stages until it flows like a thick syrup. Each of these stages allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point. Glass is thus open to a greater number of heat-forming t
38、echniques than most other materials. 28 According to the passage glass cools and becomes rigid differently from metals because _. （ A） it has an unusually low melting temperature （ B） it does not set up a network of interlocking crystals （ C） it has a random molecular structure of a liquid （ D） it i
39、s made from a mixture of silica, lime, and soda 29 In the phrase “without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process“ in the second paragraph, a substitute for the word “customarily“ may be _. （ A） continuously （ B） certainly （ C） eventually （ D） usually 3
40、0 Glass can be easily molded into all kinds of forms because _. （ A） it melts like liquid when heated （ B） it softens gradually through varying stages when heated （ C） it retains the shape at the point when it is suddenly cooled （ D） various heating techniques can be used in making glass 三、 Cloze 30
41、 Flowers for the Dead Since flowers symbolize new life, it may seem inappropriate to have them at funerals. Yet people in many cultures top coffins or caskets with wreaths and garlands and put blossoms on the graves of the【 36】 . This custom is part of a widespread, long-lived pattern. Edwin Daniel
42、Wolff speculated that floral tributes to the dead are an outgrowth of the grave goods of ancient【 37】 . In cultures that firmly believed in an【 38】 , and that believed further that the departed could enter that afterlife only【 39】 they took with them indications of their worldly status, it was a nec
43、essity to bury the dead with material goods: hence the wives and animals that were killed to accompany【 40】 rulers, the riches【 41】 with Egyptian pharaohs, and the coins that Europeans used to place on the departed persons eyes as payment for the Stygian ferryman. In time, as economy modified tradit
44、ion, the actual【 42】 goods were replaced【 43】 symbolic representations. In China, for example, gold and silver paper became a stand-in【 44】 real money. Eventually even the symbolic significance became obscured. Thus, Wolff said, flowers may be the【 45】 step in “three well-marked stages of offerings
45、to the dead: the actual object, its substitute in various forms, and finally mere tributes of respect.“ 四、 Proofreading 40 (46)Homes could start been connected to the Internet through electrical outlets. (47) In this way, consumers and business may find easier to make cheaper telephone calls under n
46、ew rules that the Federal Communications Commission began preparing on Thursday. (48) Taking together, the new rules could profoundly affect the architecture of the Internet and the services it provides. (49) They also have enormous implications for consumers, the telephone and energy industries, eq
47、uipment manufacturers. Michael K. Powell, the F.C.C. chairman, and his two Republican colleagues on the five-member commission said that (50) a 4-to-1 vote on Thursday to allow a small company providing computer-to-computer phone connections to operate in different rules from ordinary phone companie
48、s, would ultimately transform the telecommunications industry and the Internet. (51) “This is a reflecting of the commissions commitment to bring tomorrows technology to consumers today.“ said Mr. Powell. He added that (52) the rules governing the new phone services sought to make them as wide avail
49、able as email (53) and possibly much less expensive than traditional phones, and given their lower regulatory costs. At the same time, (54) once while the rules allowing delivery of the Internet through power lines are completed, (55) companies could provide consumers with the ability to plug their modems directly into wall sockets, just like they do with a toaster, or a desk lamp. 五、 Writin
