1、2006年 9月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B
2、OOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 Play is very important for humans from birth to death. Play is not meant to be just for children. It is a form of (1) that can tap into your creativity, and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others. I have
3、 collected the (2) of play here. Play can stimulate you (3) . It can go against all the rules, and change the same (4) . Walt Disney was devoted to play, and his willingness to (5) changed the world of entertainment. The next time you are stuck in a (6) way of life, puI1 out a box of color pencils,
4、modeling clay, glue and scissors, and (7) and break free. You will be amazed at the way your thinking (8) . Playing can bring greater joy into your life. What do you think the world would be like if (9) each day in play? I bet just asking you this question has (10) . Play creates laughter, joy, ente
5、rtainment, (11) . Starting today, try to get 30 minutes each day to engage in some form of play, and (12) rise! Play is known (13) . Studies show that, as humans, play is part of our nature. We have the need to play because it is instinctive and (14) . With regular play, our problem-solving and (15)
6、 will be in much better shape to handle this complex world, and we are much more likely to choose (16) as they arise. It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and (17) to our daily living. Play can (18) , curiosity, and creativity. Research shows that play is both a “hands-on
7、“ and “minds-on“ learning process. It produces a deeper, (19) of the world and its possibilities. We begin giving meaning to life through story making, and playing out (20) . Part B Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After e
8、ach one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） In C
9、herry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over 85 years old. （ B） In the United States, there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago. （ C） All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly. （ D） Almost all the residents in Cherr
10、y Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies. （ A） Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments. （ B） Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the “oldest old” people. （ C） What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia? （ D） What the real secre
11、ts are to becoming an active and healthy 100-year-old? （ A） Diet, optimism, activity or mobility, and genetics. （ B） Optimism, commitment to interesting things, activity or mobility, and adaptability to loss. （ C） The strength to adapt to loss, diet, exercise, and genetics. （ D） Diet, exercise, comm
12、itment to something they were interested in, and genetics. （ A） The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake. （ B） The centenarians basically eat something different. （ C） The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet. （ D） The centenarians eat spicy food, drink whiskey
13、, and have sweet pork every day. （ A） Work hard. （ B） Stay busy. （ C） Stick to a balanced diet. （ D） Always find something to laugh about. （ A） Global temperatures rose by 3 degrees in the 20th century. （ B） Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa. （ C） Developed
14、countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power. （ D） The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by 2050. （ A） Taking bribes. （ B） Creating a leadership vacuum at the countrys top car maker. （ C） Misusing company funds for personal spending. （ D） Offering cash for
15、political favors. （ A） The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety. （ B） The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades. （ C） All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have
16、 evacuated. （ D） The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty. （ A） 6 to 7. （ B） 8 to 10. （ C） 11 to 16. （ D） 17 to 25. （ A） Curbing high-level corruption. （ B） Fighting organized crime. （ C） Investigating convictions of criminals. （ D） Surveying the thr
17、eats to national security. （ A） A wine taster. （ B） A master water taster. （ C） The host of the show. （ D） The engineer who works on the water treatment plant. （ A） Berkeley Springs. （ B） Santa Barbara. （ C） Atlantic City. （ D） Sacramento. （ A） Being saucy and piquant. （ B） Tasting sweet. （ C） A cer
18、tain amount of minerals. （ D） An absence of taste. （ A） Looking smelling tasting. （ B） Tasting smelling looking. （ C） Smelling looking tasting. （ D） Tasting looking smelling. （ A） Bathing. （ B） Boiling pasta in. （ C） Swimming. （ D） Making tea. （ A） Enhance reading and math skills. （ B） Increase the
19、students appreciation of nature. （ C） Improve math, but not reading skills. （ D） Develop reading, but not math skills. （ A） To help the students appreciate the arts. （ B） To make the students education more well-rounded. （ C） To investigate the impact of arts training. （ D） To enhance the students m
20、ath skills. （ A） Once weekly. （ B） Twice weekly. （ C） Once a month. （ D） Twice a month. （ A） Six months. （ B） Seven months. （ C） Eight months. （ D） Nine months. （ A） The childrens attitude. （ B） The childrens test scores. （ C） Both the childrens attitude and test scores. （ D） Both the teachers and t
21、he childrens attitude. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is
22、stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 40 Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong to
23、ddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good n
24、umber of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their childrens success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So its no wonder some parents find themselves
25、 hoping that, just maybe, ambition can be taught like any other subject at school. Its not quite that simple. “Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they cant be forced,“ says Jacquelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan
26、, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-graders in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who dont seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, enc
27、ouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve. Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesnt suffer from an emotional or learni
28、ng disability, or isnt involved in some family crisis at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isnt cool. “Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look sm
29、art or dumb, and it blocks them from thinking about the long term, says Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford. You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth. “ Over the past couple of years, Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City publ
30、ic school seventh-graders to do just that. Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. “The message is that everything is within the kids control, that their intelligence is malleable,“ says
31、Lisa Blackwell, a research scientist at Columbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program, which has helped increase the students interest in school and turned around their declining math grades. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says, “parents can play a critic
32、al role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort, strategy and progress rather than emphasizing their smartness or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning. “ Some experts say our education syste
33、m, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. “These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who arent considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,“ says
34、Jeff Howard, a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute, a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childrens academic performance. Howard and other educators say its important to expose kids to a world be
35、yond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. “The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,“ says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentor
36、ing program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at school can actually help
37、them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run. 41 Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph? （ A） Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition. （ B） How a baby learns to
38、 walk and talk. （ C） Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school. （ D） Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed. 42 According to some educators and psychologists, all of the following would be helpful to cultivate students ambition to succeed EXCEPT _. （ A） stimulating them to buil
39、d up self-confidence （ B） cultivating the attitude of risk taking （ C） enlarging the areas for children to succeed （ D） making them understand their family crisis 43 What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children? （ A） A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the students failure. （
40、B） Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience. （ C） Looking smart is more important for young people at school. （ D） To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority. 44 The word “malleable“ in the clause “that their intelligence is malleable,“ (para. 3) most
41、probably means capable of being _. （ A） altered and developed （ B） blocked and impaired （ C） sharpened and advanced （ D） replaced and transplanted 45 The expression “to disabuse them of the notion“ (para. 4) can be paraphrased as _. （ A） to free them of the idea （ B） to help them understand the idea
42、 （ C） to imbue them with the notion （ D） to inform them of the concept 45 Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As p
43、art of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is tha
44、t the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the governments continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal
45、, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon porn. In order to conduct a controlled experimentto be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statisticsthe DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms t
46、o do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors“ might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary informati
47、on to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,“ said Google attorney Nicole Wong. DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demandin
48、g a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.) Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005 ; the request has been scaled back to one weeks worth of search queries. One oddity
49、 about the DOJs strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all alongyou dont need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,“ says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search. Though the government intends to use thes
