1、2012年 11月北京成人本科英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the co
2、rresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 It seems like every day theres some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us.(76)One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalis
3、ts are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now, theres been a lot of research into whether coffees good for our health. “The results have really been mixed,“ admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently.
4、“Theres been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and theres also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.“ Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and healt
5、h. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers,“ he said. Heres what he means by “modestly“: those who drank at least two or three cups a day were a
6、bout 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections. Now, Freedman stressed th
7、at the study doesnt prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship.(77)All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists h
8、ave no idea why. 1 According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of_. （ A） tea （ B） beer （ C） alcohol （ D） coffee 2 According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? （ A） Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data. （ B） About fo
9、ur hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedmans team full time for 13 years. （ C） People who took part in Freedmans research are about 50 to 70 years old. （ D） People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee 3 According to the author, scientists_. （ A） have already proved that coffee is goo
10、d for human health （ B） have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffee （ C） have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffee （ D） are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us 4 The word “mixed“ in the first paragraph means “_“. （ A） both good and bad （ B） put toge
11、ther （ C） both sharp and soft （ D） confused 5 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Can Beer Help You Live Longer? （ B） Can Coffee Help You Live Longer? （ C） Can Wine Help You Live Longer? （ D） Can Tea Help You Live Longer? 5 When were learning a foreign language, mak
12、ing sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didnt know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, its an active process of r
13、eceiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill thats as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue. (78)Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that l
14、ead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud
15、. The other half, possessing the same initial(最初的 )skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It turned out that the second group “significantly outperformed“(胜过 )the first one on a test of comprehension. So what are these listening strategies? Skil
16、led learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get of it.(79)They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to
17、 “listen out for“ whats important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They dont allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what the
18、y dont understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them; their previous knowledge of the subject, the context(语境 )of the talk, the identity of the speaker, and so on. 6 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Effective listening means hear
19、ing the words that float past our ears. （ B） Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency. （ C） Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear. （ D） Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information. 7 What does V
20、andergrifts research show? （ A） Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners. （ B） Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn. （ C） Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes. （ D） Learners who listen on a regular basis i
21、mprove faster. 8 Which of the following statements about Vandergrifts research is TRUE? （ A） The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language. （ B） All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies. （ C） The two groups were
22、 taught by different teachers. （ D） The participants were at the same initial skill level. 9 The expression “thrown off in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “_“. （ A） infected （ B） confused （ C） ruined （ D） informed 10 According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT use
23、d by skilled learners? （ A） Review their prior knowledge of the subject. （ B） Concentrate on the speakers words. （ C） Translate into their native language. （ D） Predict what the speaker will say. 10 (80)As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the
24、ships band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,“ says David Savage, an economist at Que
25、ensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.“ Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went dow
26、n, the passengers panicked(恐慌 ). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors. The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes
27、. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If youve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,“ Savage says. “If youre going down in under 17 minutes, basically its instinctual.“ On the Titanic, social order ruled
28、, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats. Yes, were self-interested, Savage ways. But were also part of a society. Given time, social norms(规范 )can beat our natural self-interest. A hund
29、red years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic(坚忍的 ). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful. 11 According to the author, economists were confused because_. （ A） Peoples behavior was disorderly on the Titanic （ B） People did not act in their own
30、 interest on the Titanic （ C） most men did not act in their own interest on the Lusitania （ D） women and children could not climb into the lifeboats 12 The expression “won out“ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “_“. （ A） took the upper hand （ B） went out of control （ C） ran wild （ D） s
31、hut down 13 According to David Savage, _was a critical factor in determining peoples behavior in the sinking of these two ships. （ A） social order （ B） place （ C） instinct （ D） time 14 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE? （ A） Both ships were expensive ones. （ B） A similar n
32、umber of women and children from both ships survived. （ C） About the same number of people from each ship died. （ D） Both ships had a similar number of passengers. 15 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Why Didnt Musicians Play on the Lusitania? （ B） Why Did Musicia
33、ns Play on the Titanic? （ C） Why Didnt Passengers Panic on the Titanic? （ D） Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic? 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer t
34、hat best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 16 Have you ever visited the Summer Palace,_there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake? （ A） which （ B） that （ C） where （ D） when 17 Mr Obama will give a speech
35、on the current situation at the meeting_next week in Beijing. （ A） to hold （ B） held （ C） holding （ D） to be held 18 It was in a small village in the south_he spent his childhood and met his life-long friend the local schoolmaster. （ A） where （ B） when （ C） which （ D） that 19 First of all, a teacher
36、 should show love for his students on top of his academic knowledge. _, he is not qualified for his position. （ A） Therefore （ B） Otherwise （ C） However （ D） Because 20 For many overseas Chinese, China is their real_, because they were born and grew up there. （ A） home （ B） family （ C） house （ D） ho
37、usehold 21 With all your brains you_the math test, but you failed. You were too careless. （ A） should pass （ B） should have passed （ C） must pass （ D） must have passed 22 When he entered the room he found a cat_quietly under the desk. （ A） lie （ B） lies （ C） to lie （ D） lying 23 Today Mrs Smith_hers
38、elf in white like a nurse at the garden party. （ A） wore （ B） put （ C） sent （ D） dressed 24 In road rules the red light is a_for traffic to stop. （ A） sign （ B） sight （ C） site （ D） size 25 I can_you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public. （ A） forbid （ B） forget （ C） forecast （ D） f
39、orgive 26 General Blair had been in the army_for 35 years when he retired from the navy. （ A） service （ B） work （ C） job （ D） homework 27 Linda is quite different_her sister in character: she likes friends and goes out a lot while her sister always stays alone at home. （ A） to （ B） from （ C） at （ D）
40、 on 28 Jim was absent from school for the whole week_a bad cold. （ A） because of （ B） in addition to （ C） according to （ D） in front of 29 Some people like to_a small sum of money in case of urgent need. （ A） deal with （ B） use up （ C） set aside （ D） take off 30 Mr Smith feels greatly_with his sons
41、performance in school as he is always the top of his class. （ A） disturbed （ B） worried （ C） distressed （ D） satisfied 31 Skating is such a_sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows how to skate. （ A） likely （ B） famous （ C） popular （ D） long 32 The teacher suggested that the
42、y_in the exercise at once. （ A） had handed （ B） should have handed （ C） handed （ D） hand 33 He did not go to school yesterday because he_his father who was ill. （ A） must have looked after （ B） would have to look after （ C） had to look after （ D） should have looked after 34 After walking for half an
43、 hour, she realized that she_ in the wrong direction. （ A） had been walking （ B） has been walking （ C） walked （ D） would have walked 35 Dont smoke in the classroom,_? （ A） do you （ B） will you （ C） can you （ D） could you 36 There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it_. （ A） in detail （
44、 B） in brief （ C） for short （ D） in all 37 _the room than the telephone rang once more. （ A） Hardly when he entered （ B） Hardly he entered （ C） No sooner he had entered （ D） No sooner had he entered 38 My bike is old,_it is in good condition. （ A） therefore （ B） so （ C） nevertheless （ D） moreover 39
45、 There is_that he has tried his best in the examination. （ A） not to deny （ B） not denying （ C） no denying （ D） without denying 40 Would you_to come to the meeting this weekend? （ A） be so kind （ B） be kind as （ C） be so kind as （ D） be kind 41 He will write to me as soon as he_home. （ A） will have
46、returned （ B） returns （ C） returned （ D） will return 42 _is generally believed, there is no water on the moon. （ A） As （ B） What （ C） That （ D） It 43 He devoted his whole life to_care of the disabled children. （ A） takes （ B） taking （ C） took （ D） take 44 The student continued his university study_h
47、is family was poor. （ A） even though （ B） as though （ C） now that （ D） since 45 His father was put into_prison, and he had to go to_prison to visit him once in a while. （ A） a; the （ B） the; a （ C） a;/ （ D） /; the 三、 Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four
48、underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 46 APutting the bottles, boxes and books back Bwhere they Cbelong, please. Dont Dleave them on the desk. 47 Though Jack is only A
49、7 years old Cbut he is clever Cenough to work out that puzzle Ddifficult even for a grown-up. 48 I opened the letter and Ait contained Ban important information Cthat told us to stay Dwhere we were. 49 AUnlike Jim, I go Bto work Cby foot instead of Dby car every morning. 50 If Aheating, ice Bwill Cchange into water Dor steam. 51 AWeather Bpermit, well Chave the match Dtomorrow. 52 ADont you think
