1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 1 How to mark a book One of the best ways of doing the most 【 1】 _ kind of reading is probably to mark the b
3、ook you are reading. One reason for marking up a book accordingly is to keep a reader 【 2】 _. Another reason is to keep a reader thinking along with reading. It would be an 【 3】 _ reading. And the third reason is to help a reader remember the thoughts he had in his reading or the thoughts the author
4、 expressed. Different from reading a book such as Gone with the Wind which is only for 【 4】 _, reading of a great book, 【 5】 _ in ideas and beauty should be active. Writing in a book could also 【 6】 _ a readers mind and preserve them better in memory. There are all kinds of devices for marking a boo
5、k intelligently and fruitfully. For instance, 【 7】 _ is used to emphasize major points, important or forceful statements. Numbers in the margin can indicate the 【 8】 _ of points the author makes in developing a single arguments. However, someone might say writing and marking while reading will 【 9】
6、_ reading. Actually, reading a good book is the case of seeing how much a reader can really 【 10】 _. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi
7、ons that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Wolfensohn, they are going to make a needs assessment with their colleagues from _. （ A）
8、the Asian Development Bank, the EU, Japan, and the United States （ B） the Asian Development Bank, the U.S, Japan, and the United Nations （ C） the Asian Development Bank, the UN, Japan and the United States （ D） the Asian Development Bank, the UN, Japan, and the United Kingdoms 12 What is the specifi
9、c role of the World Bank fight now? （ A） To call the community to donate more money after emergency takes place （ B） To provide financial help after the emergency takes place （ C） To be ready with emergent financial crisis （ D） To be ready for the financial needs of the community 13 Why wasnt there
10、a better early-warning system for the natural disaster, like the tsunamis? （ A） Because people were not afraid of that （ B） Because tsunamis never happens in Indian Ocean （ C） It would cost too much money （ D） It was difficult for the people in Indian Ocean region to expect such an experience 14 Ste
11、phanopoulos pointed out that the number of todays natural disasters is about _ limes more than that of the 1960s. （ A） 2 （ B） 3 （ C） 4 （ D） 5 15 What can you learn from the interview? （ A） Kofi Annan said this was going to be a five-to-ten year effort costing 250 million dollars （ B） Human is spendi
12、ng nine hundred billion dollars a year on military expenditure. （ C） Wolfensohn called people to stop spend money on military expenditure （ D） Wolfensohn believed that the poverty would never be relieved SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen
13、carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The holiday began as a way to honor soldiers killed during _. （ A） Revolutionary War （ B） the First World War （ C） wars involved America （ D） the Civil War 17 M
14、ore than _ are buried in Arlington National Cemetery today. （ A） 216,000 （ B） 206,000 （ C） 260,000 （ D） 266,000 18 According to Mr. Verleger, what is the most important change in the global energy economy in 30 years? （ A） the rapid growth in world oil consumption （ B） the rise of China and India （
15、C） the construction of new pipelines is becoming more difficult （ D） the rise of oil price 19 Pakistans prime ministers proposal involved _. （ A） Persian Gulf, Pakistan and China （ B） Persian Gulf, Pakistan and India （ C） Pakistan, India and China. （ D） Persian Gulf and Pakistan 20 What is the passa
16、ge primarily concerned with? （ A） The study of Emu oil （ B） the use of Emu oil （ C） The effect of Emu oil （ D） neither of above choices 21 I cry easily. I once burst into tears when the curtain came down on the Kirov Ballets “Swan Lake“. I still choke up every time I see a film of Roger Bannister br
17、eaking the “impossible“ four-minute mark for the mile. I figure I am moved by witnessing men and women at their best. But they need not be great men and women, doing great things. Take the night, some years ago, when my wife and I were going to dinner at a friends house in New York city. It was slee
18、ting. As we hurried toward the house, with its welcoming light, I noticed a car pulling out from the curb. Just ahead, another car was waiting to back into the parking space - a rare commodity in crowded Manhattan. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the spot.
19、 “Thats dirty pool.“ I thought. While my wife went ahead into our friends house. I stepped into the street to give the guilty driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes rolled down the window. “Hey,“ I said, “this parking space belongs to that guy,“ I gestured toward the man ahead, who was loo
20、king back angrily. I thought I was being a good Samaritan, I guess - and I remember that the moment I was feeling pretty manly in my new trench coat. “Mind your own business!“ the driver told me. “No,“ I said. “You dont understand. That fellow was waiting to back into this space.“ Things quickly hea
21、ted up, until finally he leaped out of the car. My God, he was colossal. He grabbed me and bent me back over the hood of his car as if I was a rag doll. The sleet stung my face. I glanced at the other driver, looking for help, but he gunned his engine and hightailed it out of there. The huge man sho
22、ok his rock of a fist of me, brushing my lip and cutting the inside of my mouth against my teeth. I tasted blood. I was terrified. He snarled and threatened, and then told me to beat it. Almost in a panic, I scrambled to my friends front door. As a former Marine, as a man, I felt utterly humiliated.
23、 Seeing that I was shaken, my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could bring myself to say was that I had had an argument about a parking space. They had the sensitivity to let it go at that. I sat stunned. Perhaps half an hour later, the doorbell rang. My blood ran cold. For some re
24、ason I was sure that the bruiser had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I felt morally bound to answer it myself. I walked down the hallway with dread. Yet I knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he stood, towering. Behind him, the sleet came dow
25、n harder than ever. “I came back to apologize,“ he said in a low voice. “When I got home, I said to myself,“ what right I have to do that?“ Im ashamed of myself. All I can tell you is that the Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. Ive worked there for years. And today I got laid off. Im not myself. I hope
26、youll accept my apology.“ I often remember that big man. I think of the effort and courage it took for him to come back to apologize. He was man at last. And I remember that after I closed the door, my eyes blurred, as I stood in the hallway for a few moments alone. 21 From the passage, we can infer
27、 that the author is what kind of person? （ A） poor （ B） sensitive （ C） exciting （ D） dull 22 On what occasion is the author likely to be moved? （ A） A young person cheated of the best firings in life. （ B） A genius athlete breaks a world record. （ C） A little girl suffers from an incurable disease.
28、（ D） When the curtain comes down on a touching play. 23 What does “dirty pool“ at the end of the second paragraph mean? （ A） Improper deeds （ B） Bribery （ C） Chicanery （ D） Dirty transaction 24 Why didnt the writers wife and friends ask him what had happened? （ A） They sensed that something terrible
29、 happened, they didnt dare to ask. （ B） They were afraid that the writer might lose face if they asked. （ C） Theyd like to let it be for it was not their business. （ D） They tried to calm the writer in this way. 25 What touched the writer in the end? （ A） The big mans courage to admit his mistake. （
30、 B） The big mans sincerity and confession. （ C） The big mans wretched experience. （ D） The man at his best. 26 People are moving to cities in droves. In 1950, two-thirds of the worlds population lived in the countryside. New York was then the only settlement with more than 10 million people. Today t
31、here are 20 such megacities, and more are on their way. Most of these megacities are in developing countries that are struggling to cope with both the speed and the scale of human migration. Estimates of the future spread of urbanization are based on the observation that in Europe, and in North and
32、South America, the urban share of the total population has stabilized at 75%-85%. If the rest of the world follows this path it is expected that in the next decade an extra 100 million people will join the cities of Africa, and 340 million the cities of Asia: the equivalent of a new Bangkok every tw
33、o months. By 2030 nearly two-thirds of the words population will be urban. In the long run, that is good news. If countries now industrializing follow the pattern of those that have already done so, their city-dwellers will be both more prosperous and healthier. Man is gregarious species, and the wo
34、rds“ urbane“ and “civilized“ both derive from the advantages of living in large settlements. History also shows, though, that the transition can be uncomfortable. The slums of Manchester were, in their time, just as awful as those of Nairobi today. But people moved there for exactly the same reason:
35、 however nasty conditions seemed, the opportunities of urban life outstripped those of the countryside. The question is how best to handle the change. If there is one thing that everybody agrees on, it is that urbanization is unstoppable. Migrants attempting to escape poverty, and refugees escaping
36、conflict, are piling into cities in what the executive director of UN-HABITAT, Anna, Tibailjuka, describes as “premature urbanization.“ Dr Tibaijuka believes it might be possible to slow the pace of migration from the countryside with policies that enhance security and rural livelihoods. There is ro
37、om for debate, though, over whether better rural development in any form can seriously slow the pace of urbanization- or even whether such a slowdown would be a good thing. Michael Mutter, an urban planning adviser at the British governments Department for International Development (DFID), says that
38、 the relevant indicators suggest that in many countries the effective“ carrying capacity“ of rural areas has been reached. As happened in Europe in the 18th century, population growth and technological improvements to agriculture are creating a surplus population. That surplus has to go somewhere to
39、 earn its living. Indeed, some people go so far so to argue that governments, international donors and aid agencies spend too much on rural development and neglect the cities. Most countries have a rural development policy, but only a few have urban ones. DFID, for example, spends only 5% of its bud
40、get directly on urban development. Moreover, these critics point out that, although rural areas often have worse sanitation, illiteracy and homelessness than cities, such figures are deceptive. Being illiterate, homeless or without access to a flush toilet are far more serious problems in a crowded
41、city than in the countryside. Of the many lessons being learnt from past urban-development failures, one of the most important is that improvements must involve local people in a meaningful way. Even when it comes to the poorest slum-dwellers, some governments and city authorities are realizing that
42、 people are their own greatest assets. Slumdwellers International is a collection of “grassroots“ federations of people living in slums. Its idea is simple. Slum-dwellers in a particular place get together and form a federation to strengthen local savings and credit schemes, and to lobby for greater
43、 co-operation with the authorities. Such federations are having a big impact on slum-upgrading schemes around the world. By surveying local needs and acting as voices for slum-dwellers, these federations have been able to show the authorities that slum-dwellers are not simply a homogenous and anonym
44、ous mass of urban poor, but are real people in need of real services. They have also been able to apply pressure for improvements in security of tenure-either through temporary guarantees of residency or, better still, formal ownership. Such secure tenure gives people an incentive to improve their d
45、wellings and is thus the crucial first step to upgrading a slum into a suburb. Over the past six years, South Africas government has been pursuing an active programme of housing improvement. The government quickly realized that, with the poor in the majority, providing social housing for all would b
46、e impossible. The minister for housing, Sakie Mthembi-Mahanyele, says the approach that has worked so far has been a combination of government, the private sector and the poor themselves. The poor, says Mrs. Mthembi-Mahanyele, have responsibilities, and the government meets them halfway. Those with
47、an income are expected to contribute some of it to the building of their houses. Those without are asked to contribute“ sweat equity“ by helping to build with their own hands. South Africa has also transferred ownership of more than 380,000 council houses, worth more than 28 billion rand ($2.7 billi
48、on) to private individuals. With these houses as collateral for loans, owners have already started to upgrade and improve their properties. There is still a long way to go. An estimated 2-3 million more houses are needed. She adds that the government is still wrestling with financial institutions to
49、 get a better deal for the poor. 26 The passage is mainly concerned with _. （ A） the side effects of urbanization. （ B） megacities in developing countries. （ C） the causes behind immigration to cities. （ D） ways to slow down the pace of immigration. 27 It can be inferred from the passage that Nairobi is _. （ A） a megacity with slums. （ B） a palace of hunger and conflict. （ C） an industrialized city. （ D） a rural area with a surplus population. 28 Anna Tib
