1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 125及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Exposition Exposition is writing that explains. Most of the books in university li- braries are examples
3、of exposition. Although exposition is often formal and【 1】 _, it appears also in 【 1】_ magazines and newspapers, in any place where people look for explana- tions. It is a writing with which we attempt to control our world, whether our means of doing so is a complicated system of philosophy or a coo
4、k book or a medical instruction. Exposition is a wide net. If the【 2】 _ purpose of the writer is to 【 2】 _ tell a story, the writing is【 3】 _ rather than exposition. If the writer 【 3】 _ tends to tell us how something looks, we may call it【 4】 _ .The subject 【 4】_ of the expository writer may be peo
5、ple, things, ideas or a combination of these, but always he is a man thinking, interpreting, informing and per- suading. He is more likely to appeal to our【 5】 _ by using evidence and 【 5】_ logic. 【 6】 _ seldom is a piece of writing pure exposition. So the exposito- 【 6】_ ry writer will do well to r
6、emember that his primary purpose -the purpose that guides and shapes his total organization-is to explain by【 7】 _ 【 7】_ and to show relationships. The writing of exposition begins in an understanding of the broad pur- pose to be achieved. It begins in the writers head. Before the writing, the expos
7、itory writer must ask himself four questions: What specific purpose do I intend to make? Is it worth making? For whom am I making? And how can I best convey my point to my readers?【 8】 _ the writer has careful- 【 8】_ ly answered these questions, no amount of good grammar and correct spell- ing will
8、save him, and his composition is already worthless even before he begins to scrible. Once the writer is【 9】 _ what point he intands to 【 9】_ make, his comportion is already half organized. With his reader in mind, he has already solved many of his problems of diction and【 10】 _ as well. 【 10】_ 1 【 1
9、】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given
10、 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is the librarians first suggestion? （ A） To find articles on ecology. （ B） To look into some of the specilialized indexes. （ C） To look for articles published in 297 periodicals. （ D） To look for article
11、s published from November 10th,1990 to December 28th,2000. 12 Where can Li Hua find those articles? （ A） In the Reading Room. （ B） In the Reception Room. （ C） In the Reference Room. （ D） In the Periodical Reading Room. 13 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Current issues are kept on
12、 the shelves. （ B） Back issues are bound together in volumes. （ C） The procedure of borrowing a back issue is slightly different from that of a book. （ D） Current issues of periodicals are put on microfilm. 14 Which of the following statements is right? （ A） Microfilm is a tiny square film no bigger
13、 than your thumbnail. （ B） To borrow a microfilm you do not need to find out the call slip. （ C） You can read the materials on a microfilm directly. （ D） You must use a machine to read the material on a microfilm. 15 Where did the conversation take place? （ A） In the Reading Room. （ B） In the Refere
14、nce Room. （ C） In the Reception Room. （ D） In the Periodical Room. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
15、16 The safty debate is now focused on protection of _. （ A） the spectators and officials （ B） the cars （ C） the sports stars （ D） All of the above 17 Mosley, head of the FIA, has promised _. （ A） further actions to force speeds up （ B） further actions to force speeds down （ C） no further actions to
16、force speeds up （ D） no further actions to force speeds down 18 What is not of the most controversial topics in grand prix racing? （ A） Security. （ B） Engine. （ C） The “tyre war“. （ D） Deaths and accidents. 19 Who won the All England Championship? （ A） Pulleta Gopichand （ B） Peter Gade. （ C） Chen Ho
17、ng. （ D） Prakash Padukone. 20 Who won the second place in mens single? （ A） Peter Gade. （ B） Ji Xin peng. （ C） Xia Xuanze. （ D） Chen Hong. 20 Robots have been the stuff of popular culture for so long that We think of them mostly as a fun. In the next decade they will finally become practical beyond
18、factory assembly lines. Granted, they wont perform the wonderous stunts they do in movies; the first generation of “real“ robots may seem a bit crude. But by the end of the decade, we may well encounter tiny robots cooking hamburgers in fast - food restaurants, mopping up shopping malls, even delive
19、ring meal trays in hospitals. Two factors are pushing the development of robotics: technology and economics. Artificial intelligence is the key to a successful robot, but some of the simplest tasks for a human mind are difficult for a robot. One example: the ability to look at the comer of a room, w
20、here walls and ceiling meet, and know that the corner goes in, not out. Easy for humans, very tough for real -world R2D25. But new neural-network computers, which more closely resemble the human brain ,look particularly promising for teaching robots how to adapt to: their surroundings. Economics is
21、the key to the acceptance of robots. As declining birthrates lead to a shortage of entry- level workers in much of the industrialized world, researchers are designing robots that can manage at least portions of such jobs as burger flippers or hospital orderlies. Fast -food robots will probably cook
22、and package food; humans will still greet the public at the counter and make incorrect change. By the late 90s,improved robots will be inexpensive enough to serve as aides for the disabled, giving even quadriplegics the ability to feed themselves and perform office work. Not all robots will be so be
23、nign. Another model in production is a security guard designed to wander deserted warehouses and signal a human guard when it encounters intruders. At least one American firm has designed an armed security robot capable of firing a weapon. And the long-promised home robot? This little electronic ser
24、vant, capable of delivering a frosty beer from the fridge, picking up the kids toys and washing the occasional window, probably wont be a mass - market item in the 90s-unless we modify our homes to accommodate them. Every room would need to have tiny radio beacons to tell the robot where it is, and
25、staircases would need special construction for easy robot access. Sound unlikely? Perhaps. But in 1890 a person might have thought it unlikely if he had been told that the entire urban landscape of the planet would be modified to accommodate the automobile. 21 In the next decade, Robots will become
26、practical because of all but one exception that _. （ A） they may cook hamburgers in the restaurants （ B） they can perform wonderous skill as shown in science fiction film （ C） they may deliver meal trays in hospitals （ D） they may do some moppings in the shopping center 22 Which of the following is
27、difficult for robots to do at present? （ A） To assemble machines. （ B） To do some kinds of cleaning. （ C） To work as service men. （ D） To tell that the corner where walls and ceilings meet goes in, not out. 23 Robots will not be accepted unless _. （ A） they can do some domestic jobs in hospital （ B）
28、 they can cook and package food （ C） they can greet people at the counter （ D） they can do jobs human needs to solve a shortage of labourers 24 Which of the following statements is not true? （ A） Robots will be less expensive than they are now. （ B） They will be used as aides for the disabled （ C） T
29、hey will all be gentle and kind （ D） They will deal with intruders. 25 Whats the authors attitude towards long-promised home robot? （ A） Optimistic （ B） Pessimistic （ C） Skeptical. （ D） Disbelieving. 25 In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find so
30、lutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the worlds rapidly increa
31、sing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, however, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the universities efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of kno
32、wledge-the imparting of tile heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward. With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one band, there is the American c
33、ommitment, entered into especially since World War I, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical shift from the private to the public sector of higher educat
34、ion. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on tile resources available for higher education. While higher education has become a great “growth industry“, it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of the nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and th
35、e shift in priorties away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capital Outlay for their students. One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn
36、, to a declining standard of competence in instruction. Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions organization and functionin
37、g to conform to the demands of research rather than those of teaching. 26 According to the author,_ is the most important function of institutions of higher education. （ A） creating new knowledge （ B） providing solutions to social problems （ C） making experts on sophisticated industries out of their
38、 students （ D） preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge 27 According to the passage, one of the causes fur the difficulties of American higher education is that _. （ A） the government has stopped giving public institutions as much financial support as it used to （ B） America has alwa
39、ys been encouraging young people to go to college （ C） many public institutions have replaced private ones （ D） the government only finances such researches as that of placing man on the moon 28 The phrase “impinge on“ most probably means _. （ A） promote （ B） rely on （ C） have an impact on （ D） bloc
40、k 29 A serious outcome brought out by the shortage of resources is that _. （ A） many public institutions have to cut down enrollments of students （ B） teachers are not qualified enough for satisfactory performance in classes （ C） some institutions have to reduce the expenses on research （ D） there i
41、s keen competition for resources and attention of faculty between public and private institutions 30 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? （ A） American society has failed to provide these institutions with adequate resources to meet their needs. （ B） Though in difficulty, these institution
42、s are determined to fulfill both research and teaching functions. （ C） American society has relied too much on their institutions of higher education to allow them for easy adjustment to all their functions. （ D） More resources and efforts of faculty are needed for research work than teaching work.
43、30 Criticism of research lays a significant foundation for future investigative work, but when students begin their own projects, they are likely to find that the standards of validity in field work considerably more rigorous than the standards for most library research. When students are faced with
44、 the concrete problem of proof by field demonstration, they usually discover that many of the “important relationships“ they may have criticized other researchers for failing to demonstrate are very elusive indeed. They will find, if they submit an outline or questionnaire to their classmates for cr
45、iticism, that other students make comments similar to some they themselves any have made in discussing previously published research. For example, student researchers are likely to begin with a general question but find themselves forced to narrow its focus. They may learn that questions whose meani
46、ngs seem perfectly obvious to them are not clearly understood by others, or that questions which seemed entirely objective to them appear to be highly biased to someone else. They usually find that those who have not actually attempted it generally believe the formulation of good research questions
47、is a much more subtle and frustrating task. 31 What does the author think about trying to find weaknesses in other peoples research? （ A） It should only be attempted by experienced researchers. （ B） It may cause researchers to avoid publishing good work. （ C） It is currently being done to excess. （
48、D） It can be useful in planning future research. 32 According to the passage, what is one major criticism students often make of published research? （ A） The research has been done in unimportant fields. （ B） The researchers did not adequately establish the relationships involved （ C） The researcher
49、s failed to provide an appropriate summary. （ D） The research has not been written in an interesting way. 33 According to the passage, how do students in class often react to another students research? （ A） They react the way they do to any other research. （ B） They are especially critical of the quality of the r
