1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 211及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Canadas Education System The Canadian government provides【 1】 public education for all students from Kind
3、ergarten to Grade 12. The school year for college students starts in【 2】 and ends in May. The Canadian education system aims to be【 3】 . Honesty and【 4】 are highly valued in Canadian education, and offenders face very serious consequences. From Kindergarten to Grade 6, students follow the same basic
4、【 5】 . In high school, about 40 percent of the curriculum are【 6】 . After completing high school, many students will continue their【 7】 “education“. Students are admitted to college or university based on their high school【 8】 . In Canada, colleges are very different from universities. At college, s
5、tudents take【 9】 courses, and they learn very practical skills. At university, students learn【 10】 knowledge and new ways of thinking. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen ca
6、refully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following statements about the campus of the university
7、 is NOT true? （ A） Its out of town. （ B） Its large. （ C） It has many medieval buildings. （ D） It is noisy with much traffic. 12 The dormitory is _. （ A） cheap （ B） warm in winter （ C） old but beautiful （ D） newly built 13 The study rooms are NOT equipped with _. （ A） air-conditioners （ B） closed-cir
8、cuit TV （ C） projectors （ D） tape-recorders 14 How many laser printers in the computer center? （ A） three （ B） four （ C） six （ D） seven 15 Many facilities in the university are introduced in the interview EXCEPT _. （ A） libraries （ B） stadiums （ C） laboratories （ D） health center SECTION C NEWS BROA
9、DCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Beijing has ordered the immediate vaccination of all domesticated poultry _. （ A） a
10、cross the whole country （ B） across the province of Qinghai （ C） across the whole northwest of the country （ D） across the whole west of the country 17 The president of Afghanistan has charged the American soldiers of _. （ A） injuring Afghan civilians （ B） robbing Afghan banks （ C） abusing Afghan pr
11、isoners （ D） raping Afghan women 18 It is reported that the video tapes in the shops show _. （ A） a suspect placing the suspected poisonous drinks on the shelves （ B） a suspect stealing bottles of drinks （ C） a suspect robbing a man of his drinks （ D） a suspect drinking the poisonous drinks 19 The n
12、ew strategic agreement calls for closer cooperation in _. （ A） trade and foreign affairs （ B） politics and economy （ C） defense and security （ D） culture and education 20 Who is the Singaporean Prime Minister scheduled to meet with on Wednesday? （ A） U.S. Secretary of State （ B） The leaders of U.S.
13、Congress （ C） U.S. Secretary of Defence （ D） U.S. Secretary of Finance 20 In 17th-century New England, almost everyone believed in witches. Struggling to survive in a vast and sometimes unforgiving land, Americas earliest European settlers understood themselves to be surrounded by an inscrutable uni
14、verse filled with invisible spirits, both benevolent and evil, that affected their lives. They often attributed a sudden illness, a household disaster or a financial setback to a witchs curse. The belief in witchcraft was, at bottom, an attempt to make sense of the Unknown. While witchcraft was ofte
15、n feared, it was punished only infrequently. In the first 70 years of the New England settlement, about 100 people were formally charged with being witches; fewer than two dozen were convicted and fewer still were executed. Then came 1692. In January of that year, two young girls living in the house
16、hold of the Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village began experiencing strange fits. The doctor identified witchcraft as the cause. After weeks of questioning, the girls named Tituba, Parriss female Indian slave, and two local women were regarded as the witches who were tormenting them. Judging by p
17、revious incidents, one would have expected the episode to end there. But it didnt. Other young Salem women began to suffer fits as well, Before the crisis ended, 19 people formally accused others of afflicting them, 54 residents of Essex County, confessed to being witches and nearly 150. people were
18、 charged with consorting with the devil. What led to this? Traditionally, historians have argued that the witchcraft crisis resulted from. factionalism in Salem Village, deliberate faking, or possibly the ingestion of hallucinogens by the afflicted. I believe another force was at work. The events in
19、 Salem were precipitated by a conflict with the Indians on the northeastern frontier, the most significant surge of violence in the region in nearly 40 years. In two little-known wars, fought largely in Maine, from 1675 to 1678 and from 1688 to 1699, English settlers suffered devastating losses at t
20、he hands of Wabanaki Indians and their French allies. The key afflicted accusers in the Salem crisis were frontier refugees whose families had been wiped out in the wars. These tormented young women said they saw the devil in the shape of an Indian. In testimony, they accused the witches reputed rin
21、gleader-the Reverend George Burroughs, formerly pastor of Salem Village-of bewitching the soldiers dispatched to fight the Wabanakis. While Tituba, one of the first people, accused of witchcraft, has traditionally been portrayed as a black or, mulatto woman from Barbados, all the evidence points to
22、her being an American Indian. To the Puritan settlers, who believed themselves to he Gods chosen people, witchcraft explained why they were losing the war so badly. Their Indian enemies had the devil on their side. In late summer, some prominent blew Englanders began to criticize the witch prosecuti
23、ons. In response to the dissent, Governor Sir William Phips of Massachusetts dissolved in October the special court he had established to handle the trials. But before he stopped the legal process, 14 women and 5 men had been hanged. Another man was crushed to death by stones for refusing to enter a
24、 plea. The war with the Indians continued for six more years, though sporadically. Slowly, northern New Englanders began to feel more secure, And they soon regretted the events of 1692. Within five years, one judge and 12 jurors formally apologized as the colony declared a day of fasting and prayer
25、to atone for the injustices that had been committed. In 1711, the state compensated the families of the victims. And last year, more than three centuries after the settlers reacted to an external threat by lashing out irrationally, the convicted were cleared by name in a Massachusetts statute. Its a
26、 story worth remembering-and not just on Halloween. 21 Which of the following does NOT describe peoples understanding of universe and witchcraft? （ A） Existent. （ B） Mysterious. （ C） Scared. （ D） Fiendish. 22 The author adds that the witchcraft crisis of 1692 also arose from _. （ A） the clash betwee
27、n European settlers and the Indians （ B） disagreements among European settlers in Salem. （ C） the delusion of the sick in Salem. （ D） the pretension of the sick in Salem. 23 “. one would have expected the episode to end there“ in the fourth paragraph means that _. （ A） things might not go from bad t
28、o worse. （ B） the doctor tried to cure fits. （ C） more people suffered from fits. （ D） the situation was further aggravated. 24 It can be inferred from the passage that _. （ A） Puritan settlers witnessed the witchcraft of American Indians. （ B） frontier refugees couldnt admit their own defeat. （ C）
29、the early European settlers lacked the sense of security. （ D） hundreds of American Indians died of the witchcraft accusation. 25 A suitable title for the passage would be _. （ A） The Significance of Salems Witch Trials. （ B） European Settlers and American Indians. （ C） The Reflection on the Details
30、 of .Salems Witch Trials. （ D） Campaigning on the Indian Frontier. 25 Feld, the shoemaker, was annoyed that his helper, Sobel, was so insensitive to his reverie that he wouldnt for a minute cease his fanatic pounding at the other bench. He gave him a look, but Sobels bald head was bent over the last
31、 as he worked, and he didnt notice. The shoemaker shrugged and continued to peer through the partly frosted window at the near-sighted haze of falling February snow. Neither the shifting white blur outside, nor the sudden deep remembrance of the snowy Polish village where he had wasted his youth cou
32、ld turn his thoughts from Max, the college boy (a constant visitor in the mind since early that morning when Fold saw him trudging through the snowdrifts on his way to school), whom be so much respected because of the sacrifices he had made throughout the years-in winter or direst heat-to further hi
33、s education. An old wish returned to haunt the shoemaker: that he had had a son instead of a daughter, but this blew away in the snow for Fold, if anything, was a practical mar“ Yet he could not help but contrast the diligence of the boy, who was a peddlers son, with Miriams unconcern for an educati
34、on, True, she was always with a book in her hand, yet when the opportunity arose for a college education, she had said no, she would rather find a job. He had begged her to go, pointing out how many fathers could not afford to send their children to college, but she said she wanted to be independent
35、. As for education, what was it, she asked, but books, which Sobel, who diligently read the classics, would as usual advise her on. Her answer greatly grieved her father. A figure emerged from the snow, and the door opened. At the counter the man withdrew from a Wet paper bag a pair of battered shoe
36、s for repair. Who he was the shoemaker for a moment had no idea, then his heart trembled as he realized, before he had thoroughly discerned the face, that Max himself was standing there, embarrassedly explaining what he wanted done to his old shoes. Though Feld listened eagerly, he couldnt hear a wo
37、rd, for the opportunity that had burst upon him was deafening. He couldnt exactly recall when the thought had occurred to him, because it was clear he had more than once considered suggesting to the boy that he go out with Miriam. But he had not dared speak, for if Max said no, how would he face him
38、 again? Or suppose Miriam, who harped so often on independence, blew up in anger and shouted at him for his meddling? Still, the chance was too good to let by: all it meant was an introduction. They might long ago have become friends had they happened to meet somewhere, therefore was it-not his duty
39、-an obligation-to bring them together, nothing more, a harmless connivance to replace an accidental encounter in the subway, lets say, or a mutual friends introduction in the street? Just let him once see and talk to her, and he would for sure be interested. As for Miriam, what possible harm for a w
40、orking girl in an office, who met only loudmouthed salesmen and illiterate shipping clerks, to make the acquaintance of a fine scholarly boy? Maybe he w9uld awaken in her a desire to go to college; if not-the shoemakers mind at last came to grips with the truth let her marry an educated man and live
41、 a better life. 26 From the first paragraph, we get the impression that _. （ A） Feld may not have a happy childhood. （ B） Feld cherished his childhood memories. （ C） Feld thought highly of man of perseverance. （ D） Feld lived an affluent but empty life. 27 It can be inferred from the passage that Fe
42、lds daughter was all EXCEPT _. （ A） forceful. （ B） absent-minded. （ C） realistic. （ D） determined. 28 When Feld saw Max, he was _. （ A） astonished. （ B） embarrassed. （ C） perplexed. （ D） ecstatic. 29 The phrase “harped on“ in “who harped so often on independence“ in the fourth paragraph means _. （ A
43、） thought about. （ B） talked about. （ C） worried about. （ D） troubled about. 30 Which is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Feld is anxious about repairing Maxs worn shoes. （ B） Feld is an impossible dreamer with fanciful thoughts. （ C） Feld wants his daughter to improve her chances in life; （ D） Fe
44、ld appreciates the qualities of diligence and persistence. 30 Though not the ideal shape for a Christmas stocking, this slim little volume could nevertheless make a welcome seasonal gift. Launched in Britain at the end of October, and covering just under 100 pages (with paragraphs inset almost to th
45、e middle of the page), it is not much more than an extended essay. But it presents an interesting idea eloquently and clearly, offering digestible brain food amid a surfeit of turkey and television. The author, Gerard Fairtlough, was a senior executive with Shell for many years before he left in 198
46、0 to found a new biotechnology company called Celltech-recently bought by UCB, a Belgian group, for over $2 billion. He knows how businesses are run both well-established organisations, such as Shell, in which it can be hard to see an alternative to “the way things are done around here“, and new sta
47、rt-ups, where the founders enthusiasm can evaporate if it has to be corralled into an organogram. The authors thesis is that we are all addicted to hierarchy-partly because that is how we are hardwired, as are our simian cousins, but also because we do not realise there are other ways to run organis
48、ations. “The hegemony of hierarchy,“ writes Mr. Fairtlough, “makes us think the only alternative is disorganisation. we only compare hierarchy with anarchy or chaos.“ There are, he says, two alternatives to hierarchy (hence the title of the book). One is heterarchy; the other, “responsible autonomy“
49、. Heterarchy is the form of structure commonly found in professional service firms, the partnerships of accountants or lawyers in which key decisions are taken by all the partners jointly. With responsible autonomy “an individual or a group has autonomy to decide what to do, but is accountable for the outcome of the decision.“ “Accountability,“ says Mr. Fairtlough, “is what makes responsible autonomy different from anarchy.“ The author says that hierarchy is so e
